####################################################### # 12 YEAR Ayelet DAILY-RASHI-YOMI CYCLE # # JUL 11 th, 2006 # # Rashis 3617-3618 Of 7700 (46.9%) # # # # VISIT THE RASHI YOMI ARCHIVES # # ----------------------------- # # http://www.RashiYomi.Com/thismon.htm # # # # Reprinted with permission from Rashi-is-Simple, # # (c) 1999-2004, RashiYomi Inc., Dr Hendel President # # Permission to reprint with this header PROVIDED # # it is not printed for profit # # # # WARNING: READ with COURIER 10 (Fixed width) FONTS# # # ####################################################### |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Dt01-28a
RASHIS COVERED: Dt01-28a Dt01-16d
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 10 main goals is to explain the meaning of words the same way the dictionary explains meaning. Rashi had 10 vehicles to explain meaning. Today we explore two. EXAMPLES OF SYNECDOCHE ---------------------- SYNECDOCHE refers to naming a WHOLE by the PART For example HONEY, one example of SWEETS, can SYNECDOCHALY refer to any SWEET. Similarly BREAD can refer to any FOOD. We can alternatively think of SYNECDOCHE as naming by GOOD EXAMPLE. That is HONEY is a GOOD EXAMPLE (paradigm) of SWEETS just as BREAD is a GOOD EXAMPLE of FOOD. A closely related concept is EXAGGERATION. Thus BREAK-FAST is the meal when you BREAK the FAST of the night. (But it is an exaggeration to speak about ordinary sleep as a FAST from food) Similarly a SKY-SCRAPER is a tall building (But it is exaggeration to claim that the building scrapes the SKY). EXAMPLE 1: Dt01-28a ---------------- The Biblical text at Dt01-28a refers to ---------------------------------------- cities that are BIG and FORTIFIED to heaven ---------------------------------------- Rashi ---------------------------------------- In other words these cities are SKY-SCRAPERS or HIGH RISERS ---------------------------------------- Rashis actual language is that ------------------------------------ The Bible uses the technique of EXAGGERATION ------------------------------------ EXAGGERATION and HYPERBOLE are two literary techniques common to many languages. LIST817a brings many examples of SYNECDOCHE and EXAGGERATION. EXAMPLE 2: Dt01-16d ------------------- The following is a PEACH of an example on how to learn Rashi Dt01-16d states ----------------------------------------------------- ...Judge properly between a person and his Gimel Resh ----------------------------------------------------- Rashi comments on the strange word Gimel-Resh offering two explanations ------------------------------------------- EXPLANATION 1: Gimel Resh means co-litigant -------------- Aleph-Gimel-Resh means to GATHER. The co-litigant GATHERS material and arguments for the court case EXPLANATION 2: Gimel-Resh means LANDLORD-TENANT cases -------------- The root Gimel Resh means SOJOURN -------------------------------------------- But we can refute each of Rashis explanations! - The Biblical root is Gimel Resh not Aleph Gimel Resh Furthermore Aleph Gimel Resh (GATHER) is never used in a sense of litigation - The Biblical root Gimel-Resh refers to SOJOURNING not to landlord-tenants But we can salvage Rashi's second explanation as follows ---------------------------------------------------- A natural meaning of Gimel-Resh is GRANARY. A farm-tenant worker would typically word the GRANARYs and might actually live in them. Because of the amount of work that farm-tenant workers do (and differing opinions of fairness) litigation with such workers is common. This suggested explanation is consistent with normal language usage and is consistent with Rashi's comment ------------------------------------------------- Even judge minor cases such as landlord tenant ------------------------------------------------- We have slightly amended Rashi to from LANDLORD-TENANT to LANDLORD-FARMER-TENANT. The literary technique by which we associate related items such as AMERICA-AMERICAN, or GRANARY-GRANARY-WORKER is called METONOMY (which means naming by related items). LIST871m below gives other examples of METONOMY. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | WORD MEANINGS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | 8 METHODS OF NAMING | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST817a | |
List of words | Named by GOOD EXAMPLE/EXAGGERATION | |
---------------------- | ------------------------------ | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST871m | |
List of | words which mean related items-METONOMY |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||||
List of words which mean related items-METONOMY*10 | ||||
VERSE | BIBLICAL PHRASE | TRANSLATION | NOTES | |
Dt01-16d | court case with GRANARY | GRANARY-tenant worker | *14 | |
Lv26-13c | Redeem you STANDING | PROUDLY | ||
Lv26-13b | break the STICK of yoke | break LATCH of yoke | ||
Lv27-02b | vow SOUL | vow VALUE OF SOUL | ||
Lv27-03a | YOUR-VALUE | Fee Schedule | ||
Lv27-03b | YOUR-VALUE | Fee-Schedule | ||
Lv27-08c | what his HAND can GRAB | what he can AFFORD | ||
Gn49-26d | BREASTS | Ejaculation | ||
Gn49-26c | EJACTULATION and WOMBS | Many happy children | ||
Gn30-35c | sheep with WHITE | WHITE PATCHES | ||
Ex30-07b | FLAMES of candellabrah | OIL PANS hold flames | ||
Ex27-20a | CLEAR OIL | OIL without dregs | *4 | |
Gn30-39a | aroused by STICKS | REFLECTION OF STICKS | *11 | |
Ex14-07c | FIRST-SECOND-THIRD | PRES-VicePres-Secrtry | ||
Ex22-02b | He has BLOOD | Guilty of BLOODSHED | ||
Nu35-27a | He doesnt have BLOOD | Not a MURDERER | ||
-------- | ----------------------- | --------------------- | ----------- | |
Gn23-04b | PLOT OF GRAVE | Burial Plot | *12 | |
Dt25-09a | Spit IN FACE | Spit TOWARDS HIM | *1 | |
Lv05-04a | Swear by lips | Verbally(Explicitly) | *2 | |
Ex28-08a | Belt OF his AYPHOD | Belt USED with AYPHOD | *3 | |
Ex28-31a | the dress OF AYPHD | Aypohd USED with DRES | *3 | |
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*1 Cf However Lv15-08a Spit ON Him = Actually spit on him The rule seems to be that SPIT ON HIM is literal whereas SPIT ON FACE (use of FACE vs FULL PERSON) means SPIT TOWARDS HIM *2 eg If I am angry and mentally curse or if I am angry and start ranting and raving without however fully articulating everything on my mind -- in these two cases I may have sworn IN MY MIND but I have not sworn WITH MY LIPS (Explicitly) *3 Contrast Ex20-03a OTHER GODS=GODS OF OTHER PEOPLE vs Ex21-02a JEWISH SLAVE = SLAVE AND JEWISH Technically the possessive --OF-- can mean - OWNED BY (eg OTHER GODS = gODS of OTHERS) - PROPERTY (eg JEWISH SLAVE=SLAVE who is JEWISH) - ASSOCIATED WITH (eg BELT OF GARMENT=Belt USED with Garment) Note Rashi proves the JEWISH SLAVE=SLAVE WHO IS JEWISH by citing an other verse Dt15-12 *11 *4 Rashis real point here ('What is bothering Rashi') is that the METONOMY rule requires that CLEAR OIL could either mean - literally clear oil - oil producing a clear flame Rashi advises us that here it is literal Rashi also cites the Talmud Menachoth which outlines the production process *5 So - VALUE = FEE - YOUR-VALUE = FEE SCHEDULE(Fixed amount for each gender and age group)*13 | ||||
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*10 The difference between this list; LIST871m and the sister list, LIST871d, of IDIOMS BY METONOMY is that - LIST871d lists new phrases that have entered the language as idioms--for example, HOLY COINS refers to COINS USED/RELATED TO THE HOLY TEMPLE - LIST871m lists one time usages of metonomy-- for example SHEEP WITH WHITE refers to SHEEP WITH WHITE PATCHES. The difference is that HOLY COINS always refer to TEMPLE-RELATED coins while WHITE does not always refer to WHITE PATCHES---in other words it is a one time use of the RELATED MEANING rule. The metonomy of most of the examples in this list can be inferred from context. *11 It is important to emphasize that SHEEP do NOT get aroused from merely seeing something patched (which reminds them of sheep of the opposite gender). Rather JACOB FIXED the STICKS IN THE WATER. The water in the troughs was FLOWING water. Hence the reflection of the sticks in the water gave the appearance of MOVING / PULSATING ITEMS WITH PATCHES. It is these MOVING / PULSATING items with patches that aroused the female sheep since the pulsating bobbing sticks resembled aroused males. Once the females became aroused the males mated them. So Jacobs trick was to mimic LIVE MALE PATCHED SHEEP by using water reflections of PATCHED STICKS. *12 The Hebrew word A-Chu-Zah by itself can refer to a plot of land (without any additional words): ------------------------------------------------------ Cf Gn47-11 Gave them a PLOT Cf Lv25-46 These slaves shall be a PLOT for inheritance Cf Nu27-04 Give us please a PLOT among our brothers ------------------------------------------------------ *13 Rashi admits that ----------------------------------------------------- I don't understand (know of a precedent) for the peculiar grammatical construction: YOUR-VALUE ----------------------------------------------------- Rashi was NOT stating that he did not know what YOUR-VALUE vs VALUE means. In fact he says explicitly ------------------------------------------------- the value was fixed for each gender and age group ------------------------------------------------- Rather what Rashi did not know was a precedent for the peculiar grammatical form: YOUR-VALUE *14 As usual in this list we have brought Rashi's SECOND explanation (Whenever there are two explanations in Rashi, we reject the first as wrong and accept the second as right). I am told that the Lubavitcher Rebbe may he rest in peace held a different view: There are problems with each explanation and Rashi therefore brought both. We have very slightly modified Rashi to make his comment consistent with Biblical Hebrew. Rashi actually states -------------------------------------------------- Judge even minor cases like LANDLORD vs TENANT -------------------------------------------------- We have modified this as follows ----------------------------------------------- Judge even minor cases like LANDLORD vs FARMER-TENANT ----------------------------------------------- PEOPLE and their PLACES often have same names (e.g. AMERICA-AMERICAN) The FARMER TENANT is the person ASSOCIATED with the GRANARY which in Hebrew is Gimel Resh. It is for this reason that we have slightly amended Rashi. The literal Rashi, TENANT would not make sense linguistically since Gimel-Resh refers to an ALIEN not to a TENANT. On the other hand, Gimel-Resh as meaning GRANARY is common in the Bible. |