LIST955a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03
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#4 of 5
List of Biblical word pairs which belong to the same
class but differ in some nuance (eg SPILL-OOZE)
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VERSE
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WORD
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BASIC IDEA
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NUANCES
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Gn18-16a
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S-K-F
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SEE
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Scan, scrutinize*11
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Gn18-11a
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Ch-D-L
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Stop
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Dwindle away; subside*12
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Gn18-23a
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N-G-Sh
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Close
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MEET*8
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Lv15-03a
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R-R
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To SPILL
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To OOZE out*1
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Lv14-41a
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YQTzA
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To CUT
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To SANDPAPER*2
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Lv11-35a
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KIRaIM
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STOVES
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OVEN*3
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Lv02-05a
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MChVT
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Pots
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FRYING-PAN:Pot*4
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Lv02-07a
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MRChST
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Pots
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FRYING-PAN:Pot*4
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Lv13-02a
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SAYTH
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White
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SNOW-WHITE:CLOUD-WHITE*5
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Lv13-02b
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BHRT
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White
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SNOW-WHITE:CLOUD-WHITE*5
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Dt24-06a
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RChIM
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Grindstone
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Bottom Grindstone:Top Grindstone*6
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Dt24-06b
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RCV
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Grindstone
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Bottom Grindstone:Top Grindstone*6
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Ex31-18a
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KIYOR
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BASIN
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Vat:Sprinkler*7
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COMMENTS
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*1 This root occurs very infrequently We have
- Lv15-03a oozing (RR) of sexual secretions
- 1S21-14 (Spittle)
- Jb06-06(Oozing of plants or spittle)
*2 Thus YQTziA doesnt just refer to ANY CUTTING but
rather to SANDPAPERING. Hence this root can
also refer to CORNERS and EDGES
(which get their distinctness from being SANDPAPERED)
*3 I used an English analogy. Actually TNUR vs CIRaYIM
seem to refer to a ONE-burner vs a TWO-Burner
hot plate. I am not actually sure on all details*10
*4 Both of these are pots. One is shallow--the type
used for frying. The other is deep--the type
used for rich cooking*10
*5 These are two shades of white. I dont know if analogies
exist in English (CLOUD-WHITE or
SNOW-WHITE vs MARBLE WHITE)*10
*6 I dont believe English has technical terms for the TOP
vs the Bottom grindstone*10
*7 Again there are no English words. The Kaph-Vuv-Resh
refers to a VAT that can hold about 200 Gallons
By contrast the Kaph-Yud-Vuv-Resh refers to a hugh
TANK of water with faucet holes. This TANK was
used to wash hands and legs in the temple (The water
sprinkled out of the holes and washed the person)
*8 As Rashi points out N-G-Sh (MEETING) can be done for
- confrontational purposes (eg 2S10-13)
- supplicatory purposes (eg Gn44-18)
- prayer before God (eg 1K18-36)
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LONGER FOOTNOTES
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*10 I believe Rashis basic thrust in all these verses is
explaining items that are ALMOST similar in meaning
but have some subtle nuance (Like STOVE OVEN).
However Rashi goes further and gives etymologies of
some of these words eg
- SeAyTh = CLOUD WHITE (From NaSiH=cloud)
- MaChaVath= FRYING PAN (Has a rim that HIDES(Cheth-Bet)
- MaRCheSeth= Deep Cooking Pan(food BUBBLES (RaChSh))
- RCV=Top Grindstone that RIDES(RCV) on the other grindstone
There are more etymologies; some of these have been
discussed elsewhere. I believe these are the basic ones.
*11 A beautiful example of how to over-rule Rashi is given
on Gn18-16a For Rashi states
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Sh-K-F always has a nuance of SEEING for BAD
except for one verse Dt26-15 (SCAN FROM HEAVEN
AND BLESS YOUR LAND)
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But this is simply not true!!!!!! The Root Sh-K-F
occurs about 28 times. At least 20% of the time
(not once) it refers to good things
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VERSE TRANSLATION OF VERSE WITH SCAN
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Song06-10 a women who is SCANNED like a dawn
Ps85-12 Truth buds from earth;Justice SCANS from heaven
Dt26-15 SCAN from heaven and bless this land
2S24-20 He SCANNED ...and saw the King coming
Ju05-28 His mother SCANNED from the window looking for him
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Thus Sh-K-F means INTENSE SEEING. This would correspond
in English to the nuances of SCANNING and SCRUTINIZING
Thus the Rashi comment
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Sh-K-F refers to SEEING for ThE BAD except in one verse
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Should be translated as follows
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Sh-K-F refers to INTENSE SEEING.INTENSE SEEING in turn
is usually done when you wish to look for faults and
cause trouble; however there are exceptional verses
where you intensely see to give a blessing
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The above analysis shows the value of using lists
to enhance the meaning of Rashi.
*12 As the following verses show ChaDaL does not mean
so much STOP as SUBSIDE or DWINDLE AWAY. cf
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VERSE TEXT OF VERSE WITH word ChaDal=Dwindle away
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Gn11-08 God confused their language; so the building SUBSIDED
Dt15-11 poverty will not SUBSIDE from the land
1S09-05 His concern over the donkeys will SUBSIDE
Is01-16 Let the corruption among you SUBSIDE
Ez02-05 I doubt they will obey or SUBSIDE from rebelling
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