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#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#

VERSE: Gn47-15a
Gn47-15a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals is the explanation of Grammar.
In explaining Grammar Rashi will frequently use the NEAR-MISS
method--two words with almost identical spellings have
different meanings because of precise conjugation rules.

EXAMPLE Gn47-15a
----------------
- Aleph(Kamatz)-Pey(Tzaray)-Samech=Dwindled away
- Aleph(Segol)-Pey(Segol)-Samech=Nothing
Here we have a noun-verb difference based on punctuation
and accent. Other examples may be found in the list below
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS VERB CONJUGATION
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW LIST703c
List of word pairs with small spelling-big meaning differnce
LIST703c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

Lists of word pairs with small spelling-big meaning differences
VERSE #1 PUNCTUATION#1 MEANS#1 #2 PUNCTUATION#2 MEANS#2
Gn47-15a AaFyS Kamatz-Tzaray Dwindled E-Fes Segol-Segol Nothing*6
Ex23-31a HaMoT Patach-Cholam Destroy HayMT Tzaray-Patach Kill*5
Gn24-23b LLeen Chirik NightStay LLoon Shuruk To inn*4
Ex19-18a OSHON KAMATZ KAMATZ Smoke Oshan KAMATZ PATACH To Smoke
Gn49-04d PACAZ PATACH PATACH Fiz PoCaz KAMATZ PATACH To Fiz
Dt07-23a HOMAM KAMATZ PATACH ToSmash HOMOM KAMATZ KAMATZ Smash Em
Gn09-06d HTHLK ------------- Walked HTHLK ------------- Walk*1
Ex01-20a YehTv TZARAY SEGOL helped YeeTv CHIRIK SEGOL good*2
Ex01-19 YehRv SEGOL SEGOL*2 increased YeeRv CHIRIK SEGOL multiplied
Gn29-06a ba-AH Accent on end coming BA-ah accent-begin came*3
Gn46-26a ba-AH Accent on end coming BA-ah accent-begin came*3
COMMENTS
 
*1 In this example the identically spelled word can mean either
- he walked (past tense)
- walk (Command)

Cf The Grammatical tables in the Ibn Shoshan dictionary
Table 1 presents the conjugations in question.

*2 The words are spelled with the same letters. The minute
vowel difference determines whether it is causative(Helped)
vs active (Good)


*3 The two words have the
- same spelling
- same letters
- differ in placement of accents
Cf Gn29-06a vs Gn29-09,Gn46-26a vs Gn46-27 and
Gn42-21b vs Gn34-27

*4 See Ibn Shoshan Dictionary Tables 6 and 7.
The conjugation of the Biblical root Lamed-Vav-Nun
is LLoon not LLeen which should therefore be interpreted
as a noun (night-stay)

Hence the Rashi on Gn24-23b which uses the word LLeen
------------------------------------------------------
Eliezer used the word LLeen indicating he requested
a one night stay. By contrast Rivkah used the word
LLoon--the verb form--indicating that he could stay
for many nights
------------------------------------------------------

*5 I frequently cite the Ibn Shoshan Dictionary, Volume 5,
the Appendix: This gives a short but comprehensive
set of grammatical tables.

- Table 10, Kal Mode for 1-2-2 verbs: Ve-HaM-Mo-Thi
- Table 6: Hifil Mode for 1-v-3 verbs:Ve-Hay-MaT-Ti

Ve-HaM-Mo-Thi means to DESTROY;
Ve-Hay-MaT-Ti means to kill

Although the meanings are similar the conjugations are
totally different as Rashi is quick to point out.

*6 One is a verb and one is a noun--there is also a
difference in accent.
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#