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#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#

VERSE: Ex07-27a
RASHIS COVERED: Ex07-27a Ex07-14a
Ex07-27a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals is the explanation of Grammar.
Rashi used the method of NEAR MISSES to teach grammar

EXAMPLE Ex07-27a
----------------
The Hebrew root Mem-Aleph-Nun means to REFUSE. The verb
form is MeMaAyn (He refused) while the adjective form is
Mayn (He was obstinate)--that is it denotes a permanant
attribute of the person rather than a transient activity.
MaAyn is Adjective Form #2 in the Appendix of the Ibn
Shoshan Dictionary.

Here the difference between VERB and ADJECTIVE lies
in one letter (Extra mem - MeMaAyN vs MaAyn)


EXAMPLE Ex07-14a
----------------
The Hebrew word KaVayD is an ADJECTIVAL FORM(not a
verb form). It refers to an intrinsic attribute of
the person. (i.e. Pharoh was THICK HEADED). KaVayD
uses Adjective form #2 in Ibn Shoshan.

Here the difference between ADJECTIVE and VERB lies
in one vowel (KaVayD vs KaVaD)
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS VERB CONJUGATION
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW LIST703c
List of word pairs with small spelling-big meaning differnce
LIST703c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Lists of word pairs with small spelling-big meaning differences
VERSE #1 PUNCTUATION#1 MEANS#1 #2 PUNCTUATION#2 MEANS#2
Ex07-27a MMAyN Two Mem To refuse MAyn One mem obstinat*6
Ex07-14a KaVyd Kamatz-Tzaray Heavy KaVad Kamatz-Patach be Heavy*6
Gn47-15a AaFyS Kamatz-Tzaray Dwindled E-Fes Segol-Segol Nothing*6
Ex23-31a HaMoT Patach-Cholam Destroy HayMT Tzaray-Patach Kill*5
Gn24-23b LLeen Chirik NightStay LLoon Shuruk To inn*4
Ex19-18a OSHON KAMATZ KAMATZ Smoke Oshan KAMATZ PATACH To Smoke
Gn49-04d PACAZ PATACH PATACH Fiz PoCaz KAMATZ PATACH To Fiz
Dt07-23a HOMAM KAMATZ PATACH ToSmash HOMOM KAMATZ KAMATZ Smash Em
Gn09-06d HTHLK ------------- Walked HTHLK ------------- Walk*1
Ex01-20a YehTv TZARAY SEGOL helped YeeTv CHIRIK SEGOL good*2
Ex01-19 YehRv SEGOL SEGOL*2 increased YeeRv CHIRIK SEGOL multiplied
Gn29-06a ba-AH Accent on end coming BA-ah accent-begin came*3
Gn46-26a ba-AH Accent on end coming BA-ah accent-begin came*3
COMMENTS
 
*1 In this example the identically spelled word can mean either
- he walked (past tense)
- walk (Command)

Cf The Grammatical tables in the Ibn Shoshan dictionary
Table 1 presents the conjugations in question.

*2 The words are spelled with the same letters. The minute
vowel difference determines whether it is causative(Helped)
vs active (Good)


*3 The two words have the
- same spelling
- same letters
- differ in placement of accents
Cf Gn29-06a vs Gn29-09,Gn46-26a vs Gn46-27 and
Gn42-21b vs Gn34-27

*4 See Ibn Shoshan Dictionary Tables 6 and 7.
The conjugation of the Biblical root Lamed-Vav-Nun
is LLoon not LLeen which should therefore be interpreted
as a noun (night-stay)

Hence the Rashi on Gn24-23b which uses the word LLeen
------------------------------------------------------
Eliezer used the word LLeen indicating he requested
a one night stay. By contrast Rivkah used the word
LLoon--the verb form--indicating that he could stay
for many nights
------------------------------------------------------

*5 I frequently cite the Ibn Shoshan Dictionary, Volume 5,
the Appendix: This gives a short but comprehensive
set of grammatical tables.

- Table 10, Kal Mode for 1-2-2 verbs: Ve-HaM-Mo-Thi
- Table 6: Hifil Mode for 1-v-3 verbs:Ve-Hay-MaT-Ti

Ve-HaM-Mo-Thi means to DESTROY;
Ve-Hay-MaT-Ti means to kill

Although the meanings are similar the conjugations are
totally different as Rashi is quick to point out.

*6 - KAMATZ-PATACH is a VERB form
- KAMATZ-TZARAY is an ADJECTIVE form
- SEGOL-SEGOL is a NOUN form.
The difference between a VERB and ADJECTIVE is as follows
- The VERB form could denote a one time TRANSIENT activity
- The ADJECTIVE form denotes a PERMANANT attribute
The KAMATZ-TZARAY is adjective form #2 in Ibn Shoshan

Hence
- AFayS Kasef means the MONEY HAS DWINDLED
- KAVAYD LAYV PHAROH means Pharoh was OBSTINATE
- MAYN LESHLAYACH means Pharoh was OBSTINATE about
letting the Jews go.

Perhaps this will clarify. MEMaAYN PHAROH would mean
Pharoh REFUSED, denoting a possibly one-time transient
activity while MaAYN PHAROH means PHAROH was OBSTINATE
(it was part of his personality to always refuse freedom
to the slaves)
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#