LIST955a (C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04
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List of Synonym pairs-differ minutely*1
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VERSE
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WORD
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BASIC IDEA
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NUANCES
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Dt06-11a
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ChTzV
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Dig Pit
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DIG pit IN STONE
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Ex21-31a
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PTaCH
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Dig Pit
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OPEN the pit(previously dug)
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Ex21-31b
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CaReH
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Dig Pit
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DIG the pit (CREATE it)
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Ex15-16a
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AyMaH
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Fear
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ANXIETY(Long term fear)*12
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Ex15-16b
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PaChaD
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Fear
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FEAR(Short term fear)*12
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Ex05-07b
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L-V-N
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To Build
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BRICKS used for building
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Ex05-07a
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T-V-N
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To Build
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STRAW used for building
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Ex01-07a
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S-R-Tz
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Reproduce
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Reproduce alot*9 *11
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Gn47-23a
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HAY
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HERE
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I am giving this to you*8
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Gn43-28a
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KiDaH
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BOW
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BOW
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Gn43-28a
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SaChaH
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BOW
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PROSTRATE
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Gn15-05a
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NBT
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SEE
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To FACE a situation
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Gn29-17b
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TOAR
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Good looks
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Good FIGURE
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Gn29-17c
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MAREH
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Good looks
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Good LOOKS
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Lv15-03a
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R-R
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To SPILL
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To OOZE out*1
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Lv14-41a
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YQTzA
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To CUT
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To SANDPAPER*2
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Lv11-35a
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KIRaIM
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STOVES
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OVEN*3
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Lv02-05a
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MChVT
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Pots
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FRYING-PAN:Pot*4
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Lv02-07a
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MRChST
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Pots
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FRYING-PAN:Pot*4
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Lv13-02a
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SAYTH
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White
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SNOW-WHITE:CLOUD-WHITE*5
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Lv13-02b
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BHRT
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White
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SNOW-WHITE:CLOUD-WHITE*5
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Dt24-06a
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RChIM
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Grindstone
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Bottom vs Top Grindstone*6
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Dt24-06b
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RCV
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Grindstone
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Top vs Bottom Grindstone*6
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Ex31-18a
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KIYOR
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BASIN
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Vat:Sprinkler*7
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COMMENTS
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*1 This root occurs very infrequently We have
- Lv15-03a oozing (RR) of sexual secretions
- 1S21-14 (Spittle)
- Jb06-06(Oozing of plants or spittle)
*2 Thus YQTziA doesnt just refer to ANY CUTTING but
rather to SANDPAPERING. Hence this root can
also refer to CORNERS and EDGES
(which get their distinctness from being SANDPAPERED)
*3 I used an English analogy. Actually TNUR vs CIRaYIM
seem to refer to a ONE-burner vs a TWO-Burner
hot plate. I am not actually sure on all details*10
*4 Both of these are pots. One is shallow--the type
used for frying. The other is deep--the type
used for rich cooking*10
*5 These are two shades of white. I dont know if analogies
exist in English (CLOUD-WHITE or
SNOW-WHITE vs MARBLE WHITE)*10
*6 I dont believe English has technical terms for the TOP
vs the Bottom grindstone*10
*7 Again there are no English words. The Kaph-Vuv-Resh
refers to a VAT that can hold about 200 Gallons
By contrast the Kaph-Yud-Vuv-Resh refers to a hugh
TANK of water with faucet holes. This TANK was
used to wash hands and legs in the temple (The water
sprinkled out of the holes and washed the person)
*8 HAY only occurs twice in the Bible (The other occurence
is at Ez16-43). The difference between HAY and HINAY
seems to be that
- You use HINAY (HERE) when the object you are giving
is actually there
- You use HAY (HERE) when the object you are giving
is not necessarily physically there but accessible.
Hence since Joseph said HERE, I AM GIVING YOU SEED,
and was referring to SEED he possessed (but not
seed that he had immediately before him) we use
the word HAY not HINAY. (This suggested difference
is conjectural; there are verses with Hinay that
would seem to contradict it--if so HAY and HINAY
would simply be two synonyms with the same meaning)
*9 So eg REPRODUCE and INSECTIFY both have the same
basic meaning of HAVING CHILDREN. But INSECTIFY
has the added nuance of having MANY CHILDREN
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LONGER FOOTNOTES
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*10 I believe Rashis basic thrust in all these verses is
explaining items that are ALMOST similar in meaning
but have some subtle nuance (Like STOVE OVEN).
However Rashi goes further and gives etymologies of
some of these words eg
- SeAyTh = CLOUD WHITE (From NaSiH=cloud)
- MaChaVath= FRYING PAN (Has a rim that HIDES(Cheth-Bet)
- MaRCheSeth= Deep Cooking Pan(food BUBBLES (RaChSh))
- RCV=Top Grindstone that RIDES(RCV) on the other grindstone
There are more etymologies; some of these have been
discussed elsewhere. I believe these are the basic ones.
*11 Rashi-s actual language is
-----------------------------------------
S-R-Tz means to have 6 children at a time
-----------------------------------------
The number 6 has sent the Rashi commentators
into a frenzy. Some Rashi commentators derive
the number 6 from the 6 verbs in Ex01-07
- (1) The Jews REPRODUCED
- (2) and INSECTIFIED
- (3) and MULTIPLIED
- (4) and became HUMONGOUS
- (5) ALOT
- (6) ALOT
However a simpler approach to Rashi is the following
- The word INSECTIFY means HAVE CHILDREN LIKE INSECTS
- So INSECTIFY means HAVE AS MANY CHILDREN AS YOU CAN
- But the maxmimum children a woman can have is 6
- So Rashi-is-Simple
*12 e.g. Gn15-12 Abraham had ANXIETY on the vision of
what would happen to him over the next 400 years
vs. Dt28-66 You will FEAR Day and NIGHT.
(It is hard to prove exact nuances from the
verses--it may be more precise to state that
AYMAH is NON-SPECIFIC ANXIETY while PACHAD is
SPECIFIC FEAR. This would be consistent with
the etymology of AYMAH = AY MAH = WHERE IS IT?
WHAT WILL HAPPEN -- that is, ANXIETY is a state
of excessive concern on what will happen without
being specific.)
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