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#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Gn37-28a
RASHIS COVERED: Gn37-28a Gn37-28b Gn39-03a
Gn37-28a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is commenting on one verse by bringing
material from an other verse. Sometimes two verses will seem to
contradict each other. We call this the Rashi Rule of
CONTRADICTION.

Rashi had 4 methods of resolving contradiction.

Sometimes Rashi will resolve a contradiction by looking at
the two verses as two stages of one process. We call this the
Rashi subrule of TWO-STAGES.

Other times Rashi will resolve a contradiction by using broad
vs literal interpretation of words. We call this the Rashi
subrule of BROAD-LITERAL.

EXAMPLE: Gn37-28a Gn37-28b
--------------------------
The Biblical text states at Gn37-27:28, Gn37-36, and Gn39-01
------------------------------------------------------------
Judah said: Why kill our brother. Rather let us sell him
to the Arabs so we personally dont kill him and his brothers
accepted this idea. A Midianite caravan passed: They lifted
Joseph from the pit and sold him to the Arabs for 20 coins:
And they brought Joseph to Egypt. And the Midianites sold
him to Potifar in Egypt. And Joseph was brought to Egypt,
and bought by Potifar from the Arabs.
------------------------------------------------------------

This is very confusing...
- did the brothers sell him to Midianites or Arabs
- did the Arabs or Midianites sell Joseph to Potifar

Rashi comments
------------------------------------------------------
You have to understand the Biblical text as describing
several stages of sale; Joseph was REPEATEDLY sold.
------------------------------------------------------

Based on Rashi I would read the Biblical text as
describing 3 sales (not 2 as usually taken). In the
text below we insert words in brackets that make
the Rashi reading of the Biblical text smoother
---------------------------------------------------
- A Midianite caravan passed: [BUT]
- The [Brothers] lifted Joseph from the pit
- and sold him to the Arabs for 20 coins:
- And they [The Arabs] brought him [towards] Egypt
- [But on the way the Arabs sold Joe to the Midianites]
- And the Midianites sold him to Egypt
- [To another band of Arabs]
- [till he, Joseph, eventually ended up with Potifar]
- Joseph was taken down to Egypt
- Potifar bought him from the Arabs
----------------------------------------------------

So the Biblical text indicates 4 stages
- initial sale to Arabs (Gn37-27:28)
- Arab sale to Midianites (Gn37-28, Gn37-36)
This is assumed to resolve Gn37-28, Gn37-36)
- Midianite sale to other Arabs (Gn37-36,Gn39-01)
This is assumed to resolve Gn37-36, Gn39-01
- Arab sale to Potifar  (Gn39-01)

At any rate, as one reads the various contradictions one
can appreciate how Rashi tried to resolve them using the
method of TWO-STAGES.

LIST530a below presents other pairs of contradictory
verses resolved by TWO-STAGES.
RASHI RULE CLASS: CONTRADICT
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #15
SEE BELOW LIST530a
Verse pairs illustrating 2 stages t
LIST530a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Verse pairs illustrating 2 stages to a process
VERSE-1 VERSE-2 HOW THE TWO TEXTS ARE COMBINED
Gn37-36 Gn39-01 Joe sold 4 times:Arabs to Midian to Arab to Egypt*13
Nu05-08 Nu05-08d Tithes/Terumah to GOD; GOD gives them to PRIEST
Ex14-27 Ex14-30a Egypt drowns IN sea; then thrown ON sea-shore
Ex15-01 Ex15-04 Egyptians THROWN UP;THEN SHOT down to sea
Ex16-13 Nu11-09 1st Dew bed; then MANNA; THEN dew blanket
Nu08-24 Nu04-03 Levites LEARN Temple at 25;THEN serve at 30
Nu16-32 Nu26-11a Korach sons 1st punished; then repented*1
Nu26-54 Nu26-55a Children inherit units;Parents give equally*10
Lv21-10 Lv16-32c Priesthood succession: Lineage 1st;Merit 2nd*2
COMMENTS

*1 Nu16-32 and Nu16-33 together imply that KORACH AND ALL FOLLOWING
HIM DIED ALIVE BY FIRE AND EARTHQUAKE This contradicts Nu26-11
that the sons of Korach did not die

Note that Psalms 45-49 were written by the SONS OF KORACH
showing that they repented

*2 In other words if one of the high priests sons is
qualified for the position he is chosen. If not
a non-descendant (who is qualified) is taken.

Lv16-32c presents this SON-MERIT rule for priests
Dt17-20c generalizes this SON-MERIT rule for Kings.

This interpretation of the text is further
clarified by the ALIGNMENT method.*11

Some further technicalities are noted in note *12

LONGER FOOTNOTES
*10 Here is a simple numerical example
Assume 3 people in Egypt
- Bob
- Dan and David Brothers

Assume
- Bob has 1 child
- Dan has 1 child
- David has 2 children

So GENERATION1(GEN1) has 3 units (Bob,Dan David)
And GEN2 has 4 units (1+1+2)

We now have 3 stages

STAGE 1
-------
Each GEN2 person gets same number of units (Say 2 units)
So Bobs child --2 units
-- Dans child --2 units
-- Davids-------4 units to 2 children

STAGE 2
-------
Now the units are coalesced at the family (GEN1) level
- Bob has 2 units(Since he has one child with 2 units)
- Dan-David has 6 units (Dans child 2 units and Davids 4)

STAGE 3
-------
- Bob gives his 2 units back to his child
- Dan-David give there 6 units equally to children so
-- Dans child receives 3 units
-- Davids 2 children receive 1.5 units each (Total of 3)

Here is a time map

--------------------------------------------------------------
EGYPT(GEN1)    CHILDREN   STAGE1      STAGE2       STAGE3
-------------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Bob            1 child    2/8         2/8          2/8 @child
Dan-brother    1 child    2/8         6/8 brothers 3/8 @child
David-brother  2 child    4/8         6/8 Brothers 3/8 @2 child
---------------------------------------------------------------

Although this may seem complicated it fulfills the 2 verses
- The actual exodus people from Egypt inherit
- The descendants determine inheritance

*11 We align Lv21-10 Lv16-32 as follows

-----------------------------------------------------------------
The priest --------------- ...annointed ...trained replace father
The priest who is advanced ...annointed ...trained --------------
*a         *b              *c           *d         *b
-----------------------------------------------------------------

As the double #b clearly shows there are two criteria
- priest is advanced (bigger than his brothers)
- priest replaces father

These conflicting criteria are resolved using
the RabbiIshmael method of 2 STAGES
- if the son is qualified pick him
- if not pick a qualified non-descendant

*12 Interestingly heridatary appointment is mentioned by
- Slaves (Lv25-41)
- Kings (Dt17-20)
- Priests (Dt18-05)
- Levites (1C23-13)

The Bible EXPLICITLY advances a LINEAGE-MERIT duality
for priests (As shown above by the alignment presented
in footnote #11).

We generalize this to Kings (Rashi Dt17-20c).

We do not apply this to slaves since merit is not involved

We also do not generalize this to Levites since
the Bible explicitly states that they replace the
first-born and hence merit is no longer relevant
(A qualified 1st born could NOT function as a
Levite because the Bible states explicitly that
they were replaced (See eg Nu03-40:43)

*13 There are 4 texts involved as follows
----------------------------------------
Gn37-27 states idea of sale to ARabs
Gn37-28 states Midianites passed but Joe sold to Arabas
Gn37-36 states Midianites sold Joe to Potifar
Gn39-01 states Arabs sold Joe to Potifar
-----------------------------------------

Rashi (Gn37-28a Gn38-28b) resolves these contradictions by
assuming 4 stages of sale:
- Brothers to Arabs (Gn37-27)
- Arabs to Midianites (Hinted at in Gn37-28)
- Midianites to ARabs (resolving Gn37-36, Gn39-01)
- Arabs to Egypt (Gn39-01)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#