align-16


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 GOALS
=====
This module studies the ALIGNMENT method in Rashi. In this
method 2 different verses are found to be ALMOST the same.
The verses are lined up and the minor differences between
them function as footnotes illuminating the text.


TODAYS UNIT
===========
In todays unit we align two whole paragraphs listing
the 2 dozen types of Kosher birds.


REFERENCE:
=========
Todays unit comes from the following posting

http://www.RashiYomi.Com/dt14-13a.htm


#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#




ALIGNMENT  OF TWO CHAPTERS ON NONKOSHER BIRDS #1
 

EXAMPLE 36: Dt14-13a  DAAH, RAAH, AYAH are all the same bird


BACKGROUND
----------
As is well known one of the hallmarks of Judaism is the
dietary laws which prohibit consumption of certain
foods such as pork.


THE TEXT
--------
The Bible lists about 2 dozen prohibited species of
birds. These are listed twice in the Bible: Once in
Dt14-11:18 and once in Lv11-14:19. When we compare
the two lists (shown below) we find about 5 differences


THE RASHI:
---------
Rashi says that the differences are differences in dialect:
That is, the SAME bird may be called by different names.
The Bible listed all names to show that the dietary laws
apply in ALL places--by whatever name you call the birds.
Thus a bird that is called RAAH in one place and AYAH in
another are the same bird and equally prohibited in both
places.

Here is the LIST
VERSE Phrase1 Phrase2 Phrase3 Phrase4

Dt14-11:18 Nesher Peres Azniah Raah Ayah Dayah-species
Lv11-14:19 Nesher Peres Azniah Daah Ayah-------species
Differs *1 *1 *1 *2

COMMENTS

*1 These phrases are the same

*2 By the alignment we see that the following 3 birds are
   the same
   ----------------
   RAAH AYAH DAYAH
   ----------------

   In fact
   - DAAH and AYAH sound alike
   - RAAH and DAAH have similar spelling (Since they only differ
     in one letter RESH vs DALET; but RESH and DALET are written
     almost the same)
   - RAAH and AYAH name the same bird by two different attributes
     The word AYAH means ISLAND and refers to a bird hanging
     around Islands. By contrast RAAH means to SEE & would refer
     to a bird that hangs around Islands & SCANS(SEES)the terrain
     to obtain food.

   In summary the Bible shows 3 methods of changing names
   --similar SOUNDING  (DAAH AYAH)
   --similar WRITING   (DAAH RAAH)
   --different ATTRIBUTES (AYAH(Island) RAAH (Scanning))




ALIGNMENT  OF TWO CHAPTERS ON NONKOSHER BIRDS #2
 
Continuation of alignment of two chapters on birds
VERSE Phrase1 Phrase2 Phrase3 Phrase4 Phrase5

Dt14-11:18 Orayv-species Bat-Yaanah Tachmas Shacaf Naytz-species
Lv11-14:19 Orayv-species Bat-Yaanah Tachmas Shacaf Naytz-species
Differs *1 *1 *1 *1 *1

COMMENTS

*1 These phrases are the same




ALIGNMENT  OF TWO CHAPTERS ON NONKOSHER BIRDS #3
 
Continuation of alignment of two chapters on birds
VERSE Phrase1 Phrase2 Phrase3 Phrase4 Phrase5


Dt14-11:18 cos         yanshuf tinshameth kaath rachama shalach
Lv11-14:19 cos shalach yanshuf tinshameth kaath racham 
Differs *3 *1 *1 *4 *3

COMMENTS

*3  Note how the SHALACH is in DIFFERENT POSITIONS IN THE VERSE.
    I would conjecture that there are two approaches to
    CLASSIFYING the Shalach: Some people classify them with
    the COS-YANSHUF birds while others classify them with
    the KAATH-RACHAMA birds.  The Torah tells us the SHALACH
    bird is prohibited independent of HOW it is classified
    (NOTE: Rashi does not explain this difference but I
    am explaining it consistent with the above Rashi)

*4  RACHAM vs RACHAMA--They name the same bird--one is
    masculine and one is feminine. Thus RACHAM and RACHAMA
    differ grammatically.(NOTE: Again Rashi does not explain
    this but I am explaining it consistent with the above)

    In Summary there are 5 methods of changing names. The
    Torah prohibited birds independent of how they were named
    Here are the 5 methods by which names can be changed
  ---------------------------------------------------------
  METHOD    EXPLANATION            EXAMPLE
  --------  ---------------------- ------------------------
  WRITTEN   Names look alike       RESH vs DALET(Raah,Daah)
  SOUND     Names sound alike      AYAH vs DAYAH
  MEANING   2 different attributes SEE FAR;ISLAND BIRDS
  GRAMMAR   masculine-feminine     RCHAM RACHAMA
  TAXANOMY  Which group            SHALCH
  ---------------------------------------------------------




ALIGNMENT  OF TWO CHAPTERS ON NONKOSHER BIRDS #4
 
Continuation of alignment of two chapters on birds
VERSE PHRASE1 PHRASE2 PHRASE3 PHRASE4

Dt14-11:18 chasidah anafah-species doochifat atalef
Lv11-14:19 chasidah anafah-species doochifat atalef
Differs *1 *1 *1 *1

COMMENTS

*1 These phrases are the same


#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#























































































































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ALIGNMENT OF TWO CHAPTERS ON NONKOSHER BIRDS #1
EXAMPLE 36: Dt14-13a DAAH, RAAH, AYAH are all the same bird BACKGROUND ---------- As is well known one of the hallmarks of Judaism is the dietary laws which prohibit consumption of certain foods such as pork. THE TEXT -------- The Bible lists about 2 dozen prohibited species of birds. These are listed twice in the Bible: Once in Dt14-11:18 and once in Lv11-14:19. When we compare the two lists (shown below) we find about 5 differences THE RASHI: --------- Rashi says that the differences are differences in dialect: That is, the SAME bird may be called by different names. The Bible listed all names to show that the dietary laws apply in ALL places--by whatever name you call the birds. Thus a bird that is called RAAH in one place and AYAH in another are the same bird and equally prohibited in both places. Here is the LIST
VERSE	Phrase1	Phrase2	Phrase3	Phrase4
Dt14-11:18	Nesher	Peres	Azniah	Raah Ayah Dayah-species
Lv11-14:19	Nesher	Peres	Azniah	Daah Ayah-------species
Differs	*1	*1	*1	*2

COMMENTS
1 These phrases are the same 2 By the alignment we see that the following 3 birds are the same ---------------- RAAH AYAH DAYAH ---------------- In fact - DAAH and AYAH sound alike - RAAH and DAAH have similar spelling (Since they only differ in one letter RESH vs DALET; but RESH and DALET are written almost the same) - RAAH and AYAH name the same bird by two different attributes The word AYAH means ISLAND and refers to a bird hanging around Islands. By contrast RAAH means to SEE & would refer to a bird that hangs around Islands & SCANS(SEES)the terrain to obtain food. In summary the Bible shows 3 methods of changing names --similar SOUNDING (DAAH AYAH) --similar WRITING (DAAH RAAH) --different ATTRIBUTES (AYAH(Island) RAAH (Scanning))

ALIGNMENT OF TWO CHAPTERS ON NONKOSHER BIRDS #2
Continuation of alignment of two chapters on birds
VERSE	Phrase1	Phrase2	Phrase3	Phrase4	Phrase5
Dt14-11:18	Orayv-species	Bat-Yaanah	Tachmas	Shacaf	Naytz-species
Lv11-14:19	Orayv-species	Bat-Yaanah	Tachmas	Shacaf	Naytz-species
Differs	*1	*1	*1	*1	*1

COMMENTS
*1 These phrases are the same