The 4 meanings of ALL:#17 of 18 ########################################################### # 10 YEAR Ayelet DAILY-RASHI-YOMI CYCLE # # Jul 13, 2000 # # Rashis 140-141 Of 7800 (1.7%) # # # # Reprinted with permission from Rashi-is-Simple, # # (c) 1999-Present, Dr. Hendel # # http://www.RashiYomi.com/rashi # # # #Permission to reprint with this header but not for profit# # # # WARNING: READ with COURIER 10 (Fixed width) FONTS # ########################################################### We now conclude this series on the 40 Rashis with ALL. After reviewing the matter there are 5 rules. What we will do is give a summary of one rule per issue so we will be thru by the end of the week. We will close with a grand summary. All this will be posted on the web site. A reader completing this module will be able to comfortably understand Rashis and talmudic passages with ALL Most of the Rashis have been covered. In this header we will mention anything new. METHOD 5 ---------------------------------------------------------------- ALL can precludes obvious exceptions For example Nu20-01a says the WHOLE nation came to ZTIN A previous verse Nu14-29 says adult males over 20 who accepted the slander of the spies died throughout the journey of the Jews in the wilderness. Therefore the statement "the WHOLE nation came to ZTIN" means that everyone who had to die had already died. This list does not appear simple but rather appears "Talmudic"--in each verse the challenge is to find what exceptions appear natural This requires knowledge of other verses ----------------------------------------------------------------- The beautiful Rashi on Lv32-06b is new. The verse says "ALL sin offerings" Rabbi Akiva comes along and says "ALL" comes to include ALL offerings. By now the readers of this list are trained in the use of ALL. So we all understand Rabbi Gamliel's response "Rabbi Akiva! If you say "ALL ALL ALL" all day you cannot extend SIN OFFERINGS to include ALL OFFERINGS" In other words Rabbi Gamliel was telling Rabbi Akiva what we already know. ALL can mean no exceptions or include groups we wouldn't have thought of. But it can't include things beyond the meaning of the word!! There are in fact 3 suggested explanations of what this word ALL includes in this verse. I have followed the simplest explanation that ALL SIN OFFERINGS includes GUILT OFFERINGS. Indeed, the GUILT OFFERINGS are border line cases of SIN OFFERINGS since they both come to atone on sin. And we could have placed this ALL in the list of ALLS that include BORDER LINE CASES The Torah herself explicitly compares SIN and GUILT offerings(Lv07-07) We see here Rashis exquisite style---Rashi did NOT cite all 3 opinions. He rather cited the OPENING LINES OF THE SIFRAH (Rabbi Akivah's opinion). It would be natural for a student to protest the lack of logic in including "ALL OFFERINGS" from "SIN OFFERINGS". The teacher can then guide the student thru the sifrah to see more reasonable opinions. Rashi frequently cites only OPENING LINES in the hope that the student will ask questions and be guided to further learning. #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# Here is the summary for this use of ALL. ---------------------------------------------------------------- ALL can precludes obvious exceptions For example Nu20-01a says the WHOLE nation came to ZTIN A previous verse Nu14-29 says adult males over 20 who accepted the slander of the spies died throughout the journey of the Jews in the wilderness. Therefore the statement "the WHOLE nation came to ZTIN" means that everyone who had to die had already died. This list does not appear simple but rather appears "Talmudic"--in each verse the challenge is to find what exceptions appear natural This requires knowledge of other verses ----------------------------------------------------------------- VERSE TEXT WILL "ALL" INCLUDES EVEN THE FOLLOWING ======== ========================== =========================== Ex35-22b Bzalel did all God told Moses Even if Moses forgot*1 Nu20-01a The WHOLE nation came to Tzn Even adult men over 20*2 Nu18-09b Priests get ALL sacrifices EVEN Peace offerings*3 Lv17-10a ALL eating blood will die Even non sacrificial blood*4 Lv06-11a ALL male priests can eat it Even blemished ones*5 Dt18-01a ALL priests will not inherit EVEN blemished ones*6 Lv06-32b ALL sin offerings EVEN Guilt Offerings*7 Dt14-11a ALL Kosher birds may be eaten " the sent-away lepor bird*8 Ex12-47a ALL Jews offer the Passover By Individual not family*9 NOTES ----- *1 I would logically think that Bzalel couldn't do things that God told Moses but Moses forgot to tell Bzalel. Rashi brings a possible example--In Ex25 Moses orders the temple utensils to be built first and then the Tabernacle But in Ex36 and Ex37 Bzalel builds the Tabernacle first and then the temple. Logically Bzalel knew that you build the house first and then fill it with utensils *2 Nu14-29 states that the adult males over 20 who listened to the spies slander of Israel died. However they had all died by the time they came to Tzin---hence the WHOLE community came (because they didn't bury anyone in the previous place) *3 Nu18-09 lists 3 types of sacrifices that priests get. It does not list peace offerings. HEnce I need the word ALL to include it. This is further indicated in Lv06 and Lv07-23. *4 It says Lv17-11 that the reason blood is prohibited is because it is used to atone on the altar Hence it is logical to conclude that only sacrificial blood is forbidden but ordinary blood that can't be offered is permissable. Therefore the verse says ALL BLOOD to include this other blood. *5,*6 It explicitly says (Lv22--21:22) that blemished priests may not offer sacrifices (But may eat them). Hence the word "ALL" includes even blemished priests-- since they can't offer sacrifices I might think they DO inherit Israel--I might also think that they do not join the Priestly rotations (which offer and eat the sacrifices). Therefore the word ALL is used. They do join the priestly rotations, do not inherit Israeli land, do not offer sacrifices do eat them *7 There are 3 opinions of what the word ALL includes. The best literary approach is to use Lv07-07 "The sin offering is like the guilt offering" (Since both sin and guilt offerings deal with matters of sin) Thus the word "ALL sin offerings" includes even guilt all offerings. We used this Rashi to show Rashis literary style. See above *8 Recall that most sacrifices are HOLY and cannot be eaten even if they are Kosher. Further recall that the Lepor was atoned by having a Kosher bird sent away and another one offered (Lv14-04:07). I might think that this sent-away-Lepor bird is like any other sacrificial object and prohibited from eating. Therefore Dt14-11 says "ALL Kosher birds..." may be eaten--even the Kosher lepor bird. *9 The first passover offering has one lamb PER family(Ex12-03) Hence I might think that future passover offerings are PER family. Therefore when Ex12-16 says "The WHOLE community must offer it" it means EVERY individual #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#