Volume 40 Number 1


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#       10 YEAR Ayelet DAILY-RASHI-YOMI CYCLE             #
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             -- GRAND SUMMARY --


GOALS:
------
This module presents Rashis on cross reference.
A person completing this module will develop skill competency
in 4 levels of cross-reference:
* By word
* By concept
* By chapter
* By guessing

Note that another module on CROSS REFERENCE occurs at
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/other-20.htm. This other
module deals with the CONTENT of cross reference
while our current module deals with the METHOD
of cross reference.


TODAYS UNIT
-----------
We present the grand summary.


REFERENCE:
----------
This module comes from the following references in the
Rashi-is-Simple series.


http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h9n17.htm
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/ex35-11a.htm


#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2001, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#



CROSS REFERENCE: THE ELEMENTARY LEVEL
 EXAMPLES 1,2,3
Ex35-11a Ex35-11b Ex35-11c

In the ELEMENTARY LEVEL cross referencing is
accomplished using IDENTICAL TERMS.
The ITEMS mentioned in Ex35-11 CROSS REFERENCE ITEMS
mentioned in Ex26.

Such an easy method of cross referencing facilitates
Home Schooling exercises*1


VERSE,Ex35 ITEM MENTIONED Verse Ex25,26 ITEM MENTIONED

Ex35-11a Tabernacle Ex26-01:06 Tabernacle*2
Ex35-11b Its tent Ex26-07:13 Tent
Ex35-11c Cover Ex26-14 Cover


COMMENTS

*1    EXERCISE:  Ex25 and Ex26 speak about the order of God
               to Moses to build a temple. By contrast Ex35
               speaks about how Moses related Gods order
               to build the temple to the Jewish People

    Take the 3 items mentioned in Ex35-11 that Moses said
    God ordered to make.

    Now find the 3 paragraphs in Ex25 and Ex26 where God
    actually ordered Moses to make these items. A HINT
    is presented below

    HINT: Both GOD and MOSES use the same words.
    In other words to find out what Ex35-11
    is cross referencing simply scan Ex25 and Ex26
    for the occurence of the same word.

*2  In other words in
    * Ex35-11 Moses told the Jews in the name of God to make
            a COVER
    * Ex26-14 uses the exact same word---COVER,in describing
      what God ordered Moses to tell the Jews to make.

   Hence,the Rashi that Ex35-11 cross references Ex26-14. Notice
      also how Rashi brings items mentioned in Ex26-14 into
      the Rashi on Ex35-11. This facilitates refreshing
      our memory in Ex35-11.




THE INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
 EXAMPLES 4,5,6
Ex35-12a Ex35-15a Ex35-17b

In the INTERMEDIATE LEVEL cross referencing is
accomplished using a VARIETY OF KEYWORDS (not just one).
Furthermore these terms may occur several times in each
section thus giving rise to potential ambiguity.

This is illustrated in the LIST below which CROSS
REFERENCES all TEMPLE DOORS mentioned in Ex35 with
the TEMPLE DOORS mentioned in Ex26.

However since the cross-referecing is still done by
words the intermediate level also facilitates
HomeSchooling exercises.*1*2
VERSE,Ex35 DOOR MENTIONED VERSE,Ex26,27 DESCRIBES DOOR OF..

Ex35-12a The Paroceth*3*4 Ex26-31:35 Holy of Holies
Ex35-15a The curtain cover Ex26-36:37 Copper Altar Chamber
Ex35-17b The door-cover Ex27-13:16 Temple Courtyard

COMMENTS

*1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: To Ruth Shain of my Shomrey Emunah
   Rashi class. My original classification at h9n17.htm
   perceived this as the advanced level. But Ruth pointed
   out that it was still a cross reference based on words.

   Hence I have reclassified this as the INTERMEDIATE
   level.

*2
    EXERCISE:  Ex25 and Ex26 speak about the order of God
               to Moses to build a temple. By contrast Ex35
               speaks about how Moses related Gods order
               to build the temple to the Jewish People

               There are 3 parts to the temple and each
               one had a DOOR(actually a curtain door;
               the Bible calls it a covering)

    Find the 3 verses in Ex35 where Moses ordered the
    people to make 3 door coverings.

    Now find Gods order to make 3 door coverings in
    Ex26 and Ex27.

    Finally align the 3 verses about doors in Ex35 with
    the 3 verses about doors in Ex26 and Ex27.

    HINT: Try pairing up verses that use the same words

*3 Notice the contrast:
   --the LINK between Ex35-12 & Ex26-31:35 is the word PAROCETH
   --the LINK between Ex35-15 & Ex26-36:37 is the word COVER
   --the LINK between Ex35-17 & Ex27-13:16 is the word COVER

   The word COVER is not mentioned in Ex26-31:35, though as
   Rashi points out the PAROCETH functions as a vertical
   cover.

   Such differences in linking can be easily overcome but
   are nevertheless a potential source of confusion in
   creating cross references. It is for this reason
   that I have termed this the advanced level.

*4 The Hebrew word >SoCh< can be used to denote ANY type of
   >PROTECTION< whether protecting from >ABOVE< or from the
   >SIDE<. Here are some sample verses brought by Rashi where
   >SoCh< means to simply PROTECT (but not to COVER)

   --- Jb01-06  You have PROTECTED (>Thorned<) him
   --- HS02-08  I will THORN-FEnCE (>SoCh<) your path






THE ADVANCED LEVEL
 EXAMPLE 7,8
Ex35-14a Ex35-14b

In the ADVANCED LEVEL cross referencing is accomplished
by similar CONCEPTS. The words used however in each
location are not identical.

As an example the term CANDELLABRAH UTENSILS in Ex35
cross references the TONGS and DUSTPANS mentioned
in Ex26. This cross reference is based, not on
identical terms but rather on the perception of
TONGS as types of UTENSILS.

Again HomeSchooling exercises are possible.

VERSE,Ex35 ITEM MENTIONED Verse,Ex25,26 ITEMS MENIONTED

Ex35-14a Menorah Utensils Ex25-37:38 prongs & dusters*2
Ex35-14b Menorah Wicks Ex25-37:38 make 7 wicks*3

COMMENTS

*1
    EXERCISE:  Ex25 and Ex26 speak about the order of God
               to Moses to build a temple. By contrast Ex35
               speaks about how Moses related Gods order
               to build the temple to the Jewish People

    Take the 2 items mentioned in Ex35-14 that Moses said
    God ordered to make in the Candellabrah.

    Now find the items in Ex25-31:40 where God
    actually ordered Moses to make these items.

    HINT: Notice how the same words are not used!

*2 Not how the Biblical word UTENSILS in Ex35-14 cross-
   references PRONGS & DUSTERS in Ex25-37:38. The words
   are difference. In other words, the reader has to
   recognize that PRONGS and DUSTERS are TYPES of utensils
   For this reason--since the cross referencing is done
   by concepts not just by words--we have called this
   method of cross-referencing the intermediate level.


*3 The Hebrew word used, literally means  FLAMES  but can
   also be used to denote  WICKS. The logic is as follows:
   Since Ex25-37 which says  AND MAKE 7 FLAMES  should better
   be translated  AND MAKE 7 WICKES , consequently we
   should similarly translate Ex35-14b as follows:
   AND MAKE THE WICKES OF THE CANDELLABRAH





THE PROFOUND LEVEL
 EXAMPLES 9,10,11
Ex35-19a
Ex35-10a
Ex35-10b

At the profound level the cross reference
is NOT based on either words or concepts.

Rather the cross reference is indirect. It
is based on the elimination of other possibilities!

Thus the term BIGDAY SERAD in Ex35 refers to the
utensil covers mentioned in Nu04. This cross
reference is inferred because these utensil
covers are the only items not yet cross referenced!

Further supportive evidence using 4 methods
are brought by Rashi
VERSE,EX35 ITEM MENTIONED VERSE,Nu04 FUNCTION OF ITEM MENTIONED

Ex35-19a Serad Cloths Nu04-04:15 Utensil Covers when moving


COMMENTS

*1 What does the Biblical phrase >BIGDAY SERAD< refer to?
   4 Methods are presented in the LIST in the footnotes.
   These 4 methods strengthen this cross reference by
   examining
   * The meaning of the ROOT, SERAD
   * The VERSES in which SERAD occur
   * The MATERIALS from which SERAD were made
   * Examining which items are outstanding in the comparison





----------------------------NOTES------------------------------


4 METHODS FOR STRENGTHENING CROSS REFERENCE
 
Ex35-19a mentions the SERAD CLOTHES that were made.

What are these SERAD CLOTHES.

Rashi says they refer to the UTENSIL COVERS mentioned
in Nu04.

Four methods are used to strengthen this association.
They involve examinations of
* ROOTS
* VERSES
* MATERIALS
* ELIMINATION OF ALTERNATIVES
There are a variety of techniques that a person studying
Bible can use. Using Rashi we supply at least 4 methods
METHOD USED MAIN POINT OF FOCUS RELATION TO Nu04

ROOTS SeRaD means Leftover Covered Leftover utensils *1
VERSES SeRaD vs Priest cloth So SeRaD covered utensils *2
MATERIALS SeRaD had no linen*3 All priest clothes did have*3
ELIMINATION All of Ex25,26 in Ex35 Only Nu04 not yet mentioned*4

COMMENTS

*1 I would think that LEFTOVER would explain that these
   clothes cover the LEFTOVER UTENSILS.

   Rashi explains that the covers LOOKED LIKE LEFTOVER
   CLOTHES since they had a net like appearance with
   many holes.

*2 Compare the following verses in which SERAD occurs.
   ------------------------------------------------------------
   Ex31-10 The SeRaD Clothes                  ;Priestly clothes
   Ex39-41 The SeRaD Clothes to SERVE holiness;Priestly clothes
   Ex39-01 The SeRaD Clothes to SERVE holiness;Priestly clothes
                             *a
   ------------------------------------------------------------

   Collectively the 3 verses together seem to say that there
   are 2 types of >CLOTHES<:
   * Priestly Clothes
   * SeRaD Clothes used to SERVE THE HOLINESS(by eg covering
     up the utensil covers)

*3 Rashi brings this argument on Ex31-10a.

   --Rashi points out that Ex31 lists the materials from
   which the SeRaD clothes were made--LINEN is not mentioned

   --Similarly Nu04 lists the materials from which the UTENSIL
   COVERS were made--again LINEN is not mentioned

   --But Ex28 and Ex29 mentioned the materials from which
   the Priestly garments were made and they all had LINEN.

   Hence, concludes Rashi the SeRad clothes seem to be
   different from the Priestly clothes and similar to
   the Utensil covers. This leads to the conclusion that
   the utensil covers are identical with the Serad clothes.


*4 A comparison of Ex35 vs Ex25,Ex26 shows that all the
   priestly and temple items CROSS REFERENCE each other.

   The only item NOT cross referenced in Ex35 was the
   UTENSIL COVERS mentioned in Nu04.

   Hence by a process of elimination it seems reasonable
   to CROSS REFERENCE the SERAD CLOTHES with the
   UTENSIL COVERS.



#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc. 2001, Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
#*#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi, 2001 Inc. Dr. Hendel President #*#*#*#*#

CROSS REFERENCE: THE ELEMENTARY LEVEL
EXAMPLES 1,2,3 Ex35-11a Ex35-11b Ex35-11c In the ELEMENTARY LEVEL cross referencing is accomplished using IDENTICAL TERMS. The ITEMS mentioned in Ex35-11 CROSS REFERENCE ITEMS mentioned in Ex26. Such an easy method of cross referencing facilitates Home Schooling exercises*1
VERSE,Ex35	ITEM MENTIONED	Verse Ex25,26	ITEM MENTIONED
Ex35-11a	Tabernacle	Ex26-01:06	Tabernacle*2
Ex35-11b	Its tent	Ex26-07:13	Tent
Ex35-11c	Cover	Ex26-14	Cover


COMMENTS
1 EXERCISE: Ex25 and Ex26 speak about the order of God to Moses to build a temple. By contrast Ex35 speaks about how Moses related Gods order to build the temple to the Jewish People Take the 3 items mentioned in Ex35-11 that Moses said God ordered to make. Now find the 3 paragraphs in Ex25 and Ex26 where God actually ordered Moses to make these items. A HINT is presented below HINT: Both GOD and MOSES use the same words. In other words to find out what Ex35-11 is cross referencing simply scan Ex25 and Ex26 for the occurence of the same word. 2 In other words in * Ex35-11 Moses told the Jews in the name of God to make a COVER * Ex26-14 uses the exact same word---COVER,in describing what God ordered Moses to tell the Jews to make. Hence,the Rashi that Ex35-11 cross references Ex26-14. Notice also how Rashi brings items mentioned in Ex26-14 into the Rashi on Ex35-11. This facilitates refreshing our memory in Ex35-11.

THE INTERMEDIATE LEVEL
EXAMPLES 4,5,6 Ex35-12a Ex35-15a Ex35-17b In the INTERMEDIATE LEVEL cross referencing is accomplished using a VARIETY OF KEYWORDS (not just one). Furthermore these terms may occur several times in each section thus giving rise to potential ambiguity. This is illustrated in the LIST below which CROSS REFERENCES all TEMPLE DOORS mentioned in Ex35 with the TEMPLE DOORS mentioned in Ex26. However since the cross-referecing is still done by words the intermediate level also facilitates HomeSchooling exercises.12
VERSE,Ex35	DOOR MENTIONED	VERSE,Ex26,27	DESCRIBES DOOR OF..
Ex35-12a	The Paroceth34	Ex26-31:35	Holy of Holies
Ex35-15a	The curtain cover	Ex26-36:37	Copper Altar Chamber
Ex35-17b	The door-cover	Ex27-13:16	Temple Courtyard

COMMENTS
1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: To Ruth Shain of my Shomrey Emunah Rashi class. My original classification at h9n17.htm perceived this as the advanced level. But Ruth pointed out that it was still a cross reference based on words. Hence I have reclassified this as the INTERMEDIATE level. 2 EXERCISE: Ex25 and Ex26 speak about the order of God to Moses to build a temple. By contrast Ex35 speaks about how Moses related Gods order to build the temple to the Jewish People There are 3 parts to the temple and each one had a DOOR(actually a curtain door; the Bible calls it a covering) Find the 3 verses in Ex35 where Moses ordered the people to make 3 door coverings. Now find Gods order to make 3 door coverings in Ex26 and Ex27. Finally align the 3 verses about doors in Ex35 with the 3 verses about doors in Ex26 and Ex27. HINT: Try pairing up verses that use the same words 3 Notice the contrast: --the LINK between Ex35-12 & Ex26-31:35 is the word PAROCETH --the LINK between Ex35-15 & Ex26-36:37 is the word COVER --the LINK between Ex35-17 & Ex27-13:16 is the word COVER The word COVER is not mentioned in Ex26-31:35, though as Rashi points out the PAROCETH functions as a vertical cover. Such differences in linking can be easily overcome but are nevertheless a potential source of confusion in creating cross references. It is for this reason that I have termed this the advanced level. 4 The Hebrew word >SoCh< can be used to denote ANY type of >PROTECTION< whether protecting from >ABOVE< or from the >SIDE<. Here are some sample verses brought by Rashi where >SoCh< means to simply PROTECT (but not to COVER) --- Jb01-06 You have PROTECTED (>Thorned<) him --- HS02-08 I will THORN-FEnCE (>SoCh<) your path

THE ADVANCED LEVEL
EXAMPLE 7,8 Ex35-14a Ex35-14b In the ADVANCED LEVEL cross referencing is accomplished by similar CONCEPTS. The words used however in each location are not identical. As an example the term CANDELLABRAH UTENSILS in Ex35 cross references the TONGS and DUSTPANS mentioned in Ex26. This cross reference is based, not on identical terms but rather on the perception of TONGS as types of UTENSILS. Again HomeSchooling exercises are possible.
VERSE,Ex35	ITEM MENTIONED	Verse,Ex25,26	ITEMS MENIONTED
Ex35-14a	Menorah Utensils	Ex25-37:38	prongs & dusters*2
Ex35-14b	Menorah Wicks	Ex25-37:38	make 7 wicks*3

COMMENTS
1 EXERCISE: Ex25 and Ex26 speak about the order of God to Moses to build a temple. By contrast Ex35 speaks about how Moses related Gods order to build the temple to the Jewish People Take the 2 items mentioned in Ex35-14 that Moses said God ordered to make in the Candellabrah. Now find the items in Ex25-31:40 where God actually ordered Moses to make these items. HINT: Notice how the same words are not used! 2 Not how the Biblical word UTENSILS in Ex35-14 cross- references PRONGS & DUSTERS in Ex25-37:38. The words are difference. In other words, the reader has to recognize that PRONGS and DUSTERS are TYPES of utensils For this reason--since the cross referencing is done by concepts not just by words--we have called this method of cross-referencing the intermediate level. *3 The Hebrew word used, literally means FLAMES but can also be used to denote WICKS. The logic is as follows: Since Ex25-37 which says AND MAKE 7 FLAMES should better be translated AND MAKE 7 WICKES , consequently we should similarly translate Ex35-14b as follows: AND MAKE THE WICKES OF THE CANDELLABRAH

THE PROFOUND LEVEL
EXAMPLES 9,10,11 Ex35-19a Ex35-10a Ex35-10b At the profound level the cross reference is NOT based on either words or concepts. Rather the cross reference is indirect. It is based on the elimination of other possibilities! Thus the term BIGDAY SERAD in Ex35 refers to the utensil covers mentioned in Nu04. This cross reference is inferred because these utensil covers are the only items not yet cross referenced! Further supportive evidence using 4 methods are brought by Rashi
VERSE,EX35	ITEM MENTIONED	VERSE,Nu04	FUNCTION OF ITEM MENTIONED
Ex35-19a	Serad Cloths	Nu04-04:15	Utensil Covers when moving


COMMENTS
1 What does the Biblical phrase >BIGDAY SERAD< refer to? 4 Methods are presented in the LIST in the footnotes. These 4 methods strengthen this cross reference by examining The meaning of the ROOT, SERAD * The VERSES in which SERAD occur * The MATERIALS from which SERAD were made * Examining which items are outstanding in the comparison

4 METHODS FOR STRENGTHENING CROSS REFERENCE
Ex35-19a mentions the SERAD CLOTHES that were made. What are these SERAD CLOTHES. Rashi says they refer to the UTENSIL COVERS mentioned in Nu04. Four methods are used to strengthen this association. They involve examinations of * ROOTS * VERSES * MATERIALS * ELIMINATION OF ALTERNATIVES There are a variety of techniques that a person studying Bible can use. Using Rashi we supply at least 4 methods
METHOD USED	MAIN POINT OF FOCUS	RELATION TO Nu04
ROOTS	SeRaD means Leftover	Covered Leftover utensils *1
VERSES	SeRaD vs Priest cloth	So SeRaD covered utensils *2
MATERIALS	SeRaD had no linen*3	All priest clothes did have*3
ELIMINATION	All of Ex25,26 in Ex35	Only Nu04 not yet mentioned*4

COMMENTS
1 I would think that LEFTOVER would explain that these clothes cover the LEFTOVER UTENSILS. Rashi explains that the covers LOOKED LIKE LEFTOVER CLOTHES since they had a net like appearance with many holes. 2 Compare the following verses in which SERAD occurs. ------------------------------------------------------------ Ex31-10 The SeRaD Clothes ;Priestly clothes Ex39-41 The SeRaD Clothes to SERVE holiness;Priestly clothes Ex39-01 The SeRaD Clothes to SERVE holiness;Priestly clothes a ------------------------------------------------------------ Collectively the 3 verses together seem to say that there are 2 types of >CLOTHES<: Priestly Clothes * SeRaD Clothes used to SERVE THE HOLINESS(by eg covering up the utensil covers) 3 Rashi brings this argument on Ex31-10a. --Rashi points out that Ex31 lists the materials from which the SeRaD clothes were made--LINEN is not mentioned --Similarly Nu04 lists the materials from which the UTENSIL COVERS were made--again LINEN is not mentioned --But Ex28 and Ex29 mentioned the materials from which the Priestly garments were made and they all had LINEN. Hence, concludes Rashi the SeRad clothes seem to be different from the Priestly clothes and similar to the Utensil covers. This leads to the conclusion that the utensil covers are identical with the Serad clothes. 4 A comparison of Ex35 vs Ex25,Ex26 shows that all the priestly and temple items CROSS REFERENCE each other. The only item NOT cross referenced in Ex35 was the UTENSIL COVERS mentioned in Nu04. Hence by a process of elimination it seems reasonable to CROSS REFERENCE the SERAD CLOTHES with the UTENSIL COVERS.