Certain Biblical paragraphs are stated in a example form.
In other words an example of a law is stated rather than the full
general rule. The reader's task is to generalize the example.
The idea that all Biblical laws should be perceived as examples (unless
otherwise indicated) is explicitly stated by Rashi (Pesachim 6.).
This is a rule of style since the rule requires that a text be perceived
as an example rather than interpreted literally. The Rabbi Ishmael style
rules govern the interpretation of style.
Verse
Ex22-21a
discussing
the prohibition and punishment of abusing widows and orphans
states
don't abuse a widow or orphan If you dare abuse him.....
and I will also blow up, kill you by sword, and make your wives
widows and your children orphans.
The Rabbi Ishmael example rule requires generalization
of this passage. In this case we simply generalize
from
widow or orphan
to
any person
don't abuse a person If you dare abuse him.....
and I will also blow up, kill you by sword, and make your wives
widows and your children orphans.
Advanced Rashi: This verse is an interesting refutation of the idea that the Bible
must be interpreted by being picky on each word. If that were so one could argue God only punishes a
country with terrorism that leaves widows and orphans when the people abuse widows and orphans because
that is all the verse says. But there is no such punishment when you abuse a non-widow or
non-orphan. The Rabbi Ishmael style rules in general and the generalization approach to Biblical interpretation
in particular, state otherwise. Rashi explains The Bible only mentioned the abuse of orphans and widows since such
abuse is common since widows and orphans are typically helpless. However, the law and punishment applies to any person. In other
words abuse of people when tolerated by a society is punished by a terrorism which leaves widows and children.
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