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Verse
Lv23-39b
discussing
when to celebrate the holiday of Succoth
states
Also in the fifteenth day of the seventh month,
when you have gathered in the fruit of the land, you shall keep a feast to the Lord seven days; on the first day shall be a sabbath, and on the eighth day shall be a sabbath.
Rashi clarifies the underlined words
when you have gathered in the fruit of the land
by referencing verses
Dt16-01
which states
Watch for the month of Spring, and keep the Passover to the Lord your God; for in the month of Spring the Lord your God brought you out of Egypt by night.
Hence the Rashi comment:
The Bible ties Passover to Spring
and Succoth to harvest.
From this requirement we infer that calendar months
must be watched (adding if necessary extra months)
so that Passover always falls out in Spring and
Succoth at Harvest time.
Text of Target verse
Lv23-39b
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Text of Reference Verse
Dt16-01
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Also in the fifteenth day of the seventh month,
when you have gathered in the fruit of the land, you shall keep a feast to the Lord seven days; on the first day shall be a sabbath, and on the eighth day shall be a sabbath.
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Dt11-10:17
which states
Watch for the month of Spring, and keep the Passover to the Lord your God; for in the month of Spring the Lord your God brought you out of Egypt by night.
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Rashi comments:
The Bible ties Passover to Spring
and Succoth to harvest.
From this requirement we infer that calendar months
must be watched (adding if necessary extra months and making a leap year)
so that Passover always falls out in Spring and
Succoth at Harvest time.
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Advanced Rashi:
Rashi literally states From here - Verse Lv23-39b,
discussing Succoth and harvest - we learn that calendar
months must be adjusted so that Succoth coincides with harvest.
Ah! But that is not true! It is not true that we learn this
law (adjusting the calendar) from Succoth. In fact we learn
the law requirement of adjusting the calendar from the
explicit Biblical verse at Dt16-01 Watch [for]
the Spring time and make a Passover. It appears to me that
this Rashi text is proof that when Rashi say we learn from here
this phrase should not be taken literally. It rather should be
interpreted as This is one of the possibly many places where we
learn from and it is not even the main place. Throughout this
email list I have encouraged such reinterpretations of exclusive
statements by Rashi. The serious student of Rashi should carefully
review the Rashi text and the arguments presented above to convince
him/her self of this. For this reason we always feel free to supplement
a Rashi statement we learn from here with other derivations.
The more skeptical reader is encouraged to read the Rashi on Dt16-01
which proves that Rashi did not learn the calendar law requirement from
here. For another application of this fundamental principle in reading
Rashi please see below rule #4, alignment.
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