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The table below presents presents
two contradictory verses.
Both verses talk about
penalties for damages.
The underlined words highlight the contradiction.
One verse says
a death penalty applies when you smite the entire soul of a person
while the other verse says
a death penalty applies when you smite a person.
Which is it?
Is there a death penalty simply for wounding / smiting or does the
death penalty require murder / smiting the whole soul?
Rashi simply resolves this using the 2 Aspects method:
(1) There is a death penalty for smiting people only if death occurs.
(2) There is a death penalty for smiting parents even if wounding, not death, occurs.
Summary
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Verse / Source
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Text of verse / Source
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There is a death penalty for killing people
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Lv24-17
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And he who the smites the entire soul of a human shall surely be put to death.
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There is a death penalty for smiting parents
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Lv24-21
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And he who kills a beast, he shall restore it; and he who smites a man, shall be put to death
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Resolution:
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2 Aspects:
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(1) There is a death penalty for smiting people only if death occurs.
(2) There is a death penalty for smiting parents even if wounding, not death, occurs.
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Advanced Rashi: But how did Rashi know to apply the 2nd verse to parents? The contradiction
method frequently (not always) finds supportive resolution from other verses. In this case Ex21-14:17 explicitly
states
- But if a man comes wilfully upon his neighbor, to slay him treacherously; you shall take him from my altar, that he may die.
- And he who strikes his father, or his mother, shall be surely put to death.
- And he who steals a man, and sells him, or if he is found in his hand, he shall surely be put to death.
- And he who curses his father, or his mother, shall surely be put to death.
Here the context of four items deserving a death penalty
- Murder
- Smiting parents
- Kidnapping
- Cursing parents
lends credibility to the suggestion that just striking parents requires a death penalty.
This Rashi is a good example of the contradiction method since the contradiction is
inferred from the alignment of the entire soul of a person vs. person. Furthermore the
resolution is supported by an explicit verse stating that smiting parents in and of itself
is punished by a death penalty.
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#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2012, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
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