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      2. RASHI METHOD: WORD MEANING
      BRIEF EXPLANATION: The meaning of words can be explained either by
      • (2a) translating an idiom, a group of words whose collective meaning transcends the meaning of its individual component words,
      • (2b) explaining the nuances and commonality of synonyms-homographs,
      • (2c) describing the usages of connective words like also,because,if-then, when,
      • (2d) indicating how grammatical conjugation can change word meaning
      • (2e) changing word meaning using the figures of speech common to all languages such as irony and oxymorons.
      This examples applies to Rashis Ex09-24a
      URL Reference: (c) http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rule1323.htm
      Brief Summary: PULSATING = motions of TO and FRO, TAKING and GIVING

    The FFF submethod states that words can be named by Form, Feel, and Function.
  • Some examples of naming words by Form include (a) the leg of a chair, (b) the handle of a pot, (c) the branch of a family tree, (d) surfing the net or (e) brainstorming Some of these examples illustrate naming objects by form while other examples illustrate naming activities by form.
  • A good punchy example distinguishing naming by form vs. function is pentagon-UN. The pentagon is named after the shape and form of the building while the United Nations is named after the function and purpose of the building. Although both these buildings have as a purpose world peace they are named differently.
  • Examples of naming by feel/substance are glasses, hardship, ironing-board, plaster etc.

The FFF principle is a special case of the literary techniques of synechdoche-metonomy. These literary principles, universal to all languages, state that items can be named by related items, by parts of those items, or by good examples of those items. For example honey refers to anything sweet since honey is a good example of something sweet. Similarly hot refers to matters of love since the two are related. Todays Rashi can best be understood by applying these principles.

The Hebrew word MithLaQaChath uses the interactive mode (Hitpael) applied to the root lamed-quph-cheth, which means to take. The form of taking is motion from my hand to afar and back to myself. As we shall see in rule #3, grammar the hitpael mode connotes interactivity. But then mithlaqachath, an interactive motion resembling taking would neatly correspond to the motion of an expanding fire lunging forward, but then being quenced in one place and pulling back to another place, expanding, and then when hit by water/hail pulling back again. I have used the English word pulsating to describe the motion of a fire in a rainstorm. Pulsating beautifully describes a fire expanding, being forced to pull back on being hit by hail/water, then expanding, then being hit by hail, then pulling back. In short an interactive motion of taking that is an interactive motion of grabbing and taking in!

Advanced Rashi: This Rashi is continued in Rule #3, grammar and rule #5, contradiction below.


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