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Certain Biblical paragraphs are stated in a Theme-Development form.
In other words a broad general idea is stated first followed by the development
of this broad general theme in specific details. Today's example illustrates
this as shown below.
Verse Dt15-11c discussing the obligation to give charity states
For the poor shall never cease out of the land;
therefore I command thee, saying:
'Thou shalt surely open thy hand
- General: unto thy brother
- Detail: to the poor
- Detail: to the indigent in thy land.'
The Rabbi Ishmael style rules require interpreting a General-Detail style
restrictively, as referring only to the detail class. Hence the Rashi comment
Of all thy brothers you must only give charity to the poor (but not to the rich).
Advanced Rashi: We can understand this better using the classical
Talmudic distinction between the person vs. object.
- If poverty is an attribute of the person then you would have to only
give charity to poor people!
- But if poverty is an attribute of objects then you would have to give
charity whenever even a rich person wanted a certain object.
Hence the restriction of the verse of the obligation of giving charity to the poor can
be understood as indicating that poverty is defined by the status of the person vs. the
status of the need for a particular object.
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