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    1. RASHI METHOD: REFERENCES
    BRIEF EXPLANATION: Commentary on a verse is provided thru a cross-reference to another verse. The cross references can either provide
    • (1a) further details,
    • (1b) confirm citations, or
    • (1c) clarify word meaning.
    This examples applies to Rashis Ex34-30a
    URL Reference: (c) http://www.Rashiyomi.com/rule1405.htm
    Brief Summary: After sin, man fears communication with God. We see this by i) Adam/Eve who feared God after their sin as well as ii) the Jews who feared God after the sin of the Golden calf.

Verse Ex34-30a discussing the reaction of the Jews to Moses' appearance after Revelation states And when Aaron and all the people of Israel saw Moses, behold, the skin of his face shone; and they were afraid to come closer to him. Rashi notes that the underlined words, they were afraid to come closer to him. references verses Gn03-08 discussing Adam and Eve's fear of God after they had sinned. Hence the Rashi comment Fear of Divine people and communications happens after sin. That is, prior to sin the meeting of Divine people or the communication with God does not arouse fear while after sin it does. We see this with Adam and Eve who spoke to God without fear but feared God after they had sinned. We also see this with the Jews who did not fear God at the Revelation but, after they had sinned with the Golden calf, did fear meeting Moses after his prophecy with God.

Text of Target Verse Ex34-30 Text of Reference Verse Gn03-08
And when Aaron and all the people of Israel saw Moses, behold, the skin of his face shone; and they were afraid to come closer to him. And they heard the voice of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day; and Adam and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God among the trees of the garden.
Rashi comments: Fear of Divine people and communications happens after sin. That is, prior to sin the meeting of Divine people or the communication with God does not arouse fear while after sin it does. We see this with Adam and Eve who spoke to God without fear but feared God after they had sinned. We also see this with the Jews who did not fear God at the Revelation but, after they had sinned with the Golden calf, did fear meeting Moses after his prophecy with God.

Advanced Rashi: Rashi does not actually cite the Genesis passage about Adam. Rashi simply cites the contrast that before sin they were not afraid of speaking to God while after the sin of the golden calf they were afraid to even speak to Moses. Accordingly we have explained this Rashi in rule #5, contradiction below. However it is proper to find further support for Rashi in other verses. The most superior treatment of this Rashi would be by the database method - however, the database method would require several examples of the inference that prior to sin man is not afraid of speaking to God while after sin man is so afraid. Since we have not found several examples, but only a few, we have sufficed with the contradiction and reference method.


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