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VERSE: Dt01-05b


======================== Dt01-05b =============================

SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
The FORMATTING rule seeks to explain Rashis based on
the FORMATTING of the Biblical text. FORMATTING techniques
in modern writing include use of bold, italics,underline,
bullets, paragraph indentation and similar items. The Bible
indicated FORMATTING using its own techniques: For example
- the Bible indicates bold,italics, underline thru REPETITION
- the BIble indicates bulleting, thru REPEATING keywords
The Bible can also indicate FORMATTING thru meaning without
any formal structure.

EXAMPLE Dt01-05b
----------------
Note the repetition of EXPLANATION in verse Dt01-05b
-----------------------------------------------------
In the TransJordan in the land of Moab Moses began
- to EXPLAIN this Torah
- with a good EXPLANATION
-----------------------------------------------------

Rashi (paraphrased), commenting on the REPETITION, states
-------------------------------------------
Moses did not simply TRANSLATE or EXPLAIN the text.
Rather Moses employed 70 [that is MANY] techniques
of explanation.
---------------------------------------------------

For example in ADDITION to translating/explaining the text
Moses could have
- indicated ALIGNMENTS of verse pairs in the text
  and explained the nuances derived from them
- indicated CONTRADICTORY verse pairs in the text
  and explained nuances derived from them
- indicated REPEATING words in the text
  and explained nuances derived from them

In short the phrase EXPLAINED THE EXPLANATION
connotes more than just explanation--it connotes
TECHNIQUES of explanation (Such as we use in
our Rashi lists).

Since the verse ALSO says
------------------------------
EXPLAINED A **GOOD** EXPLANATION
------------------------------
therefore Rashi in effect is making two comments
- Moses translated the Torah in all languages(GOOD)
- Moses expounded the Torah using many
  literary techniques like ALIGNMENT, CONTRADICTION

LIST150a below presents other examples where verses are
interpreted broadly because of a REPETITION.
==================================================================
ITEM                     DETAIL
======================== =========================================
RASHI RULE CLASS:        REPETITION
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      BROAD
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #20
SEE BELOW                LIST150a
List of verses with      REPEATED words interpreted broadly
==================================================================

========================= LIST150a ===========================
List of verses with REPEATED words interpreted broadly
==============================================================
VERSE    TEXT OF VERSE          EMPHASIS...DO IT...
======== ====================== ==============================
Dt01-05b EXPLAIN EXPLANATION*13 Provided Explanation Tchniques
Nu33-40a Aaron died;Arad wars   Aaraon's death encouraged war
Nu36-04c BORDER:Sea & BORDERs   BORDER=SEA BORDER=Islands
Nu22-21b Went with MOAB MOAB    a)went physicaly b)agreed with
Nu13-30c we-ll GO UP GO UP      we-ll WIN WAR no matter what
Lv20-09a PARENTS...PARENTS      EVEN after death
Lv19-22a the SIN HE SINNED      WHETHER willful or inadvertent
Dt13-16a HIT HIT by sword       EVEN by Fire
Dt15-08b GIVE GIVE charity      EVEN by loaning
Dt16-20a PURSUE PURSUE Justice  EVEN for mistaken aquitals
Ex12-09c COOK COOK in water     EVEN in other liquids
Lv13-35a SPREAD SPREAD after OK EVEN if SPREAD while impure
Lv17-13a HUNT A HUNT*10         EVEN for a non-hunted animal
-------  ---------------------  -----------------------------
Nu05-22c women says AMEN AMEN*5 Adultery from marriage:engaged
Lv25-26c no menial work(repeat) Master to slave;King to subjct
Lv20-02b EXECUTE EXECUTE        EVEN by the masses*1
Lv07-19b MEAT:all MEAT eatable  Even if PART of organ bad*3
Lv05-15b TRESPASS TRESPASS tmpl Not only eating;any benefit*2
Lv13-44a DECLARE DECLARE impure EVEN if not a head leprosy*4

NOTES
------
*1 Supported  by Dt17-06:07 which states
   --------------------------------------
   ..first the witnesses execute...then the people execute
   --------------------------------------

*2 See http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lv05-02a.htm for a full
   discussion of the three Rashi methods connected with
   this verse.

*3 e.g. If PART of meat fell outside temple (and is thereby
   impure) then you can still eat the part of the meat
   that remained inside the temple (even though the two
   parts are connected)

*4 The text of Lv13-32:45 is as follows
   ----------------------------------------------------
   If on his baldness there is pinkish affiction then
   leprosy is sprouting in his baldness; the priest
   reviews and confirms the pinkish affliction in his
   baldness just like skin leprosy...[then] this person
   is leprousand is ritually impure; the priest shall
   DECLARE DECLARE him impure and the lepor with the
   affliction: his garments shall be rent and his head
   left wild....
   -----------------------------------------------------

   The words DECLARE DECLARE encourage a BROAD
   interpretation of this chapter: The requirements of
   declaration, garment renting and head left wild apply
   not only to the subject of the chapter---a bald person
   with leprosy---but apply to ANY lepor

*5 Rashi actually brings down THREE consequences of
   the broad interpretation emanating from the repeated
   word
------------------------------------------------------
The word AMEN signifies acceptance of an oath of curse
- ACCEPTANCE whether she committed adultery from
  the suspected person OR from any other person

- ACCEPTANCE whether she cheated while married or
  whether she cheated while (BiblicallY) engaged

- ACCEPTANCE of both the OATH (I didnt commit adultery)
  as well as the consequent CURSE (May I be punished
  if I did commit adultery)
------------------------------------------------------

  From these three distinct interpretations we infer
  that the basic idea of Rashi is that
  -----------------------------------
  The repetition indicates ACCEPTANCE
  IN ALL CIRCUMSTANCES
  -----------------------------------

*6 An alternative approach not based on repetition
   reviews all references to MOAB in Nu22-10:21. They
   are referred to as
   - Moabs princes
   - Balaks servants
   - Them
   - people
   If in Nu22-21 it refers to them as MOAB PRINCES
   -----------------------------
   Bilam went with Moabs princes
   -----------------------------
   The emphasis seems to be that he went with them
   and the Moabite philosophy (He agreed with them)

*7 Several points should be made on this unusual repetition
   - the repetition is not a repetition of a word or phrase
     within one verse but rather a repetition in separate
     verses
   - the repetition does not suggest an emphasis in a word
     or phrase but rather an emphasis in a juxtaposition--
     two juxtaposed events are seen as causing or enabling
     each other
     -- Aaron's death
     -- the war by Arad
     The repeating sets of verses are
     - Nu20-22:29, Nu21-01 and
     - Nu33-38:40 states*11

------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ----------------------
*10 Rashi citing the Talmud asks
   ------------------------------------------------
   But if the law applies to HUNTED or DOMISTICATED
   (non-hunted) animals why does the bible use the
   phrase HUNT alltogether? ANSWER: The Bible speaks
   about a TYPICAL SITUATION: One normally should not
   eat meat except on special occassions and after
   significant work like a hunt
   ------------------------------------------------

*11 It is instructive to compare our explanation with
    Rashi's wording. Rashi states on the verse
    ----------------------------------------------
    And king of Arad HEARD when Jews came to SPY-ROAD
    ----------------------------------------------

    Rashi states on Nu21-01a
    -------------------------------------------
    What did he HEAR? He heard that Aaron died
    -------------------------------------------

    This of course is rediculous. The verse
    explicitly states
    ----------------------------------------
    He HEARD that the Jews came
    ----------------------------------------

    But Rashi HIMSELF clarifies his position
    on Nu33-40a Rashi states
    ---------------------------------------
    The set of verses relating a) Aarons death
    and b) the declaration of war by Arad, is
    repeated to emphasize that one caused the
    other*12
    ---------------------------------------

    Thus we see that Rashi HIMSELF contradicts his
    early play on words WHAT DID HE HEAR? HE HEARD
    OF AARONS DEATH. Such play on words is typical
    in Rashi---Rashi lived before the printing
    press-- by phrasing homilies in turns of
    word plays he facilitated memorization
    and retention in students.

*12 Rashi provides a possible explanation as to why
    Aaron's death would encourage Arad to declare war

    Rashi conjectures that Aaron, as High Priest,
    was a spiritual force not only for the Jews but
    for surrounding nations.When he died Arad decided
    the Jews would lack their spiritual backup and
    decided it was time to declare war.

*13 Several points on Rashi
    - Rashi literally says
    --------------------------------
    Moses translated the Torah in 70 languages
    --------------------------------
    This might mean the 70 languages of the world
    (Arab, French, Chinese etc)

    We however have translated 70 LANGUAGES to also mean
    70 LITERARY TECHNIQUES. For example in expounding
    the text Moses could point out ALIGNED VERSES,
    or CONTRADiCTORY VERSES, or REPEATED WORDS...
    Each of these is a TECHNIQUE of TRANSLATION similar
    to what we do in this Rashi list. Our motivation
    for such a re-translation of Rashi is the fact
    that Rashi is commenting on the repeated phrase
    EXPLAINED EXPLANATION

    - the verse also states EXPLAINED GOOD EXPLANATIONS
    The word GOOD gives extra emphasis. The
    simplest approach is that Rashi explained BOTH
    the REPETITION and the word GOOD: Moses did both
    - he translated the Torah into other languages
    - he expounded the Torah based on techniques.
===========================================================
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 26 Number 23


#*#*#*#  (C) 2000-2005, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#
Volume 26 Number 23