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VERSE: Dt16-18a

RASHIS COVERED: Dt16-18a Dt16-18b

================== SHOFAYT=JUDGE SHOTAYR=POLICE ================

 ANNOUNCEMENT
 ------------
 In the coming digests I will not only be explaining Rashis. I
 will also be showing how the rules we use are dynamic. Today
 we bring a simple Rashi -- Rashi points out the difference
 between JUDGE and POLICE. However we study this Rashi
 dynamically

 BACKGROUND
 ----------
 The Torah commands us to appoint Judges and Police in each
 district

 THE TEXT
 --------
 Appoint Judges and police in each district

 THE RASHI
 ---------
 The word JUDGES refers to Judges while the word POLICE refers
 to POLICE (that is the Hebrew word SHOFAYT means Judges
 while the Hebrew SHOTAYR means Police)

 THE LIST
 --------
 Rashi seems straightforward enough. But Rashi seems to report
 a TRADITION of a dictionary meaning. The approach in this
 email list has always been ANALYTICAL. In the LIST below
 we explore how the derivation of meaning can be DEFENDED
 from verses.

 Towards this end recall that
 --the JUDGE makes decisions & adjudicates BETWEEN people while
 --the POLICE oversee performance.
 Let us see if there are verses which clearly delineate what
 each term means*10
=================================================================
VERSE   WORD   TEXT OF VERSE JUSTIFYING POLICE vs JUDGE
======= ====== ==================================================
Prv6-7  POLICE Learn hard work from the ant who has no OVERSEE-er           `
2C19-11 POLICE & the POLICE will help to OVERSEE the Judgements*1
Ex05-06 POLICE & Pharoh commanded the task leaders & OVERSEEERS*2
Dt20-05 POLICE & the Military Police will OVERSEE who is exempt*3
1S24-16 JUDGE  May God be a JUDGE(DAYAN) &JUDGE(SFYT)between us*4
Ex21-01 JUDGE  These are the JUDGEMENT CODES to place to them*5
Ju11-27 JUDGE  May God the JUDGE, JUDGE BETWEEN me and you*6
Ps82-03 JUDGE  JUDGE the poor and orphans*7

NOTES
=====
*1 If you read the whole chapter 2Ch01-11 it says that
   -- King Yehoshafat appointed JUDGES to settle disputes
   -- and appointed POLICE to help implement Judgements
   Thus the POLICE are clearly seen as IMPLEMENTERS & OVERSEE-ERS

*2 He commanded them to see that the daily production schedules
   were met. In any event these POLICE were linked with task
   masters; their job was to IMPLEMENT orders & hence they were
   police

*3 By law newlyweds, people who opened a new vineyard, built a
   new house, or scardycats were all exempt from fighting.

*4 Thus in this verse I am certain that SHOFAYT means JUDGE
   because another word for JUDGE (DAYAN) is used.

   I also am sure of the translation because of the preposition
   BETWEEN. You never POLICE BETWEEN PEOPLE (Rather you POLICE
   A SITUATION). By contrast, you do JUDGE BETWEEN 2 disputants

*5 This verse introduces Ex21 which lays out the Legal code
   for settling disputes in cases of damages or watcher
   negligence.

*6 Here the emphasis is on the preposition BETWEEN. You
   dont POLICE BETWEEN PEOPLE but you do JUDGE BETWEEN PEOPLE
   (Because there are two sides and you have to adjudicate
   between them).

*7 Here the inference is based on context. The verse seems
   to be giving something praiseworthy.  It is not
   praiseworthy to POLICE the poor; but it is praiseworthy
   to JUDGE the poor.

---------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES -------------------------

*10 The reader may think this is easy. Shockingly the Hebrew word
    SHOTAYR (Police) only occurs 25 times in the Bible. Proving
    meanings or nuances is rarely straightforward in the Bible*11


*11 For those who still think that translation is a
    straightforward task consider the verse
    -----------------------------------------------------
    Ex02-14 Who made you a governor and JUDGE? Will you
    kill me the way you killed the Egyptian?
    -----------------------------------------------------
    But killing people is something that POLICE do, not
    JUDGES. So we see that no matter how much we prove
    there might be exceptions that criss cross nuances.
    This is part of the richness and challenge of language
=================================================================

RASHI RULE USED: SYNONYMS
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 11 Number 9


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