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| Rashi is Simple Version 2.0 |
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VERSE: Dt31-21a
RASHIS COVERED: Dt31-21a Dt32-21d
======================== Dt32-21a ==============================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
A powerful but simple Rashi method is the CITATION or CROSS-
REFERENCING of an OTHER VERSE for the purpose of adding
FURTHER DETAILS to a verse we are studying. We call this
the OTHER VERSE method. There are three submethods to the
OTHER VERSE method.
If the verse actually CITES or refers to an OTHER VERSE we
call this the SUBMETHOD of CITATION.
If the OTHER VERSE explains the meaning of
some term in the first verse we call this the SUBMETHOD
of MEANING.
If the first verse does not cite an other verse and if
no meaning is explained then we call this the SUBMETHOD
of FURTHER DETAILS since the 2nd verse either confirms
the first verse or typically adds FURTHER DETAILS to
the first verse
EXAMPLE 1: Dt31-21a
-------------------------------
Biblical verse Dt31-21a, discussing the
punishments that will befall the Jews
if they sin states
--------------------------------------------------
If the Jews sin then tribulations will befall
them and THIS POEM will testify as witness against
them (That they knew what they were doing)
--------------------------------------------------
Rashi comments on the CAPPED words by identifying
the CITED verses
------------------------------------------------
THIS POEM refers to Dt32 which in its entirety
speaks about the tribulations which will befall
the Jewish people
------------------------------------------------
LIST270a provides other examples of Rashis that
identify CITATIONS.
EXAMPLE 2: Dt32-21d
------------------------------------------------
Biblical verse Dt32-21d, speaking about the
punishment that will befall the Jewish people
if they worship idols states
-------------------------------------------
They [The Jews] angered me with a no-god...
and I [God] will anger them with a no-nation
with a DESPICABLE nation I will anger them
--------------------------------------------
Rashi explains the capped word DESPICABLE
by citing an OTHER VERSE
------------------------------------------
Verse P014-01 states
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
The DESPICABLE person thinks to himself
THERE IS NO GOD...
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Hence Dt32-21d above should be translated
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
....
and I [God] will anger them with a no-nation
with an AETHEISTIC nation I will anger them
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
------------------------------------------
LIST210v summarizes the above example, provides
further detail and lists other examples of verse
pairs with one verse illuminating an OTHER VERSE
==================================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== =========================================
RASHI RULE CLASS OTHER VERSES
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS FURTHER DETAILS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #1
SEE BELOW LIST210v
List of verses pairs with one verse illuminating another
----------------------- --------------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS CITATIONS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #3
SEE BELOW LIST270a
List of verse pairs with one verse citing the other
================================================================
=================== LIST210v ====================================
List of verses pairs with one verse illuminating another
LIST210v CONTINUES LIST210a LIST210z LIST210y LIST210x LIST210w
=================================================================
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE OTHER VRSE DETAILS
======== ======================== ========== ====================
Dt32-21d DESPICABLE nation P014-01 AETHESTIC nation*7
------- ---------------------- --------- -----------------
Dt26-14a I OBEYED & DID laws Dt26-02:03 Brought to Temple
Dt26-14b I OBEYED & DID laws Dt26-11 Rejoice before God
------- ---------------------- --------- -----------------
Dt20-04a GOD is with us 1S17-45:47 God vs weapons
Dt20-04b God WALKS with us 1S04-01 ARK OF GOD with us
Dt18-02b Priests dont inheritLand Nu18-20 GOD is their portion
Dt03-18b Gad goes BEFORE in army Dt33-20 Gad is a LION
Dt02-05a Dont take till FOOT DAY Za14-04 Messianic Era*6
Nu27-21b Ask URIM--Do I GO OUT 1S30-07:08 GO OUT TO WAR;*5
Nu18-04a Guard Temple-no stranger Nu04-15*4 Levi no touch vessel
Nu18-05a NoAnger on Tmpl nearness Nu17-05 Korach caused anger
Nu18-05a NoAnger on Tmpl nearness Lv10-01:02 Aarons sons die*1
Nu18-06a Levites are gift Nu08-14:19 Replace firstborn*2
Nu18-07a Temple service is GIFT Lv22-14:18 Other PRIEST GIFTS*3
NOTES
-----
*1 Some commentators believe this Rashi comment comes
from the word NO MORE
-----------------------------------------
there will be NO MORE anger on Temple
-----------------------------------------
Hence the comment
--------------------
NO MORE implies there already was
times when God got angry
--------------------
However my position is that OTHER VERSES justify
a Rashi commment even if there is no verbal
hint towards this OTHER VERSE in the original verse
*2 Some commentators argue that Rashi dwelt on the phrase
---------------------------------
Levites...to serve SERVICE OF GOD
---------------------------------
Hence the comment
-------------------------------
SERVICE of GOD not SERVICE of MAN
Levites could not do personal service for Priests
They could only help out in Temple.
-------------------------------
However I see no need to dwell on words and phrases
The OTHER VERSE Nu08-14:19 makes it clear that
the Levites REPLACE the FIRST BORN. Just as the
FIRST BORN serve God so too the Levites serve God.
I believe the OTHER VERSES has sufficient force
to justify this conclusion without focus on words
and phrases. However the words SERVICE OF GOD
do offer FURTHER SUPPORTIVE evidence for this Rashi.
This explains Rashi Nu18-06a
*3 Nu18-01:08
* calls PRIEST TEMPLE SERVICE a GIFT
* declares Gods anger on violations of this gift
Lv22-14:18 similarly
* discusses other temple gifts (Sacrifices, holy items)
* declares penalties for violations of this gift
Thus we call the TEMPLE SERVICE a GIFT because it
has the characteristics of OTHER GIFTS. In fact the
rest of Nu18 discusses the other TEMPLE gifts.
An alternate derivation could focus on the double
language I WILL GIFT SERVICE GIFT (GIFT ...GIFT).
The GIFT GIFT repetition creates an emphasis...
the word GIFT is literal...the service itself is
a GIFT.
This supports Rashi Nu18-07a
*4 The requirement to prevent strangers from coming near
is mentioned in Rashis Nu18-01c Nu18-01e Nu18-04a Nu18-02b
*5 Also see Ju20-07:08. The relationship between EPHOD
(Mentioned in 1S30-07:08) and URIM mentioned in Nu27-21
is clarified in Ex28-06:30 which shows that the URIM
were attached to the BREASTPLATE which were attached to
the EPHOD*10
*6 The Jews were prohibited from taking Esauv's property,
the Mountains of Seir UNTIL the FOOT Day which is a
nickname for the Messianic era. This prophecy is consistent
with Dt19-08 *11
*7 We are of the opinion that Rashi did not mean to
EXHAUST the meaning of DESPICABLE with AETHEISTIC
Other verses with DESPICABLE may shed further light.
--------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ------------------
*10 The Talmud clarifies further. The KING would ask
the priest for Divine consent to military operations.
The priest would receive communication from God thru
the URIM which contained the names of the 12 tribes
written in GEMS. The letters of the answer to the
inquiry would light up indicating the answer to the
priest.
The above cited verses explicitly show that
- Divine consent was sought in military operations
- The consent was sought FROM the priest THRU the EPHOD
- The EPHOD used the URIM attached to it.
*11 Rashi gives another possible reading of Dt02-05
------------------------------------------------
Don't take ANYTHING from Esau EVEN the small amount
of land in the STOMPING OF THE FOOT
------------------------------------------------
This seems to be a preferable reading to Rashi's
2nd interpretation
-------------------------------------------
Dont take from Esauv UNTIL the DAY OF STOMPING
OF THE FOOT (The MESSIANIC ERA)
-------------------------------------------
However the Hebrew connective word AYIN-DALET
NEVER means EVEN and ALWAYS means UNTIL. Furthermore
Rashi's 2nd interpretation is supported by other
OTHER VERSES such as Dt19-08. In other words despite
the fact that this interpretation is PROPHETIC it is more
consistent with OTHER VERSES and Biblical language
=================================================================
========================== LIST270a ============================
List of verse pairs with one verse citing the other
================================================================
VERSE-1 TEXT OF VERSE VERSE-2 CITATION
======== ========================= ======= =====================
Dt31-21a THIS POEM testifies on em Dt32 Punishment on sin
Lv04-24a Slaughter in place of UP Lv01-11 UP;slaughterIN NORTH
------- ------------------------ ----- ------------------
Dt01-08c God promised Israel Gn15-18 promise to Abraham*11
Dt01-08c God promised Israel Gn26-03 promise to Abraham*11
Dt01-08c God promised Israel Gn28-13 promise to Abraham*11
------- ------------------------ ----- ------------------
Nu26-04c God said:Census on 20+ Ex30-13 Census on 20+ yr olds
Lv09-15b NATION Sin sac like his Lv09-08 Priest sin sac
Lv05-10a BIRD GUILT like BIRD UP Lv01-14 BIRD UP OFFERING
Nu14-28c They-ll die as THEY SAID Nu14-02 better to die here
Dt05-12b Observe the Sabbah*3 Ex16-23 Dont cook on Sabbath
Dt05-16a Honor ones parents*3 Ex15-25 Moses gave laws*3
Lv09-15a Make NATION sin offering Lv09-08 like that of PRIEST*2
Ex06-04b Promise to give Israel Gn17-08 I will give Israel
Ex08-11b Pharoh no listen to signs Ex07-03 Pharoh wont listen
Ex08-15b Pharoh no listen to signs Ex07-03 Pharoh wont listen
Ex12-25b God brings you to Israel Ex06-08 God will give Israel
Ex13-11b God brings us to Israel Ex06-08 God will give Israel
Ex14-12a Jews prefer Egypt Ex05-21 Dont ask Pharoh
Dt15-06a Blessed if observe law Dt28-03 You will be blessed*1
NOTES
-----
*1 The preceding chapter and paragraphs speak about the
requirement to observe the law
*2 The actual verse Lv09-15 states
-------------------------------------------
Make the nation sin offering LIKE THE FIRST
-------------------------------------------
By referring to Lv09-08 we learn that the phrase
LIKE THE FIRST means LIKE THE FIRST SIN OFFERING --
THE ONE OFFERED FOR THE PRIEST (Since there were
2 sin offerings--one for the PRIEST and one for
the NATION)
*3 Here is a more complete story
------------------------------------------------------
- Dt05-12b states Observe Sabbath AS GOD COMMANDED YOU
- Ex16-23 states THIS IS WHAT GOD HAD SAID:Dont cook
on Sabbath
------------------------------------------------------
So both verses seem to be referring to something else
An investigation shows that Ex12, Ex16-23 and Ex15-25:26
are the only times that the Jews received commandments
prior to the decalogue. But Ex12 specifically refers to
Passover commandments. Thus it seems reasonable that
the cryptic reference AS GOD COMMANDED YOU in Dt05-12b
is CITING Ex15-25:26 where God gave GENERAL COMMANDMENTS
A similar argument would support the conjecture that
- Dt05-16a HONOR YOUR PARENTS AS GOD COMMANDED YOU
cites Ex15-25:26
------------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ------------------
*11 There are two issues to address in the verse
-----------------------------------------
- Why does the verse first say TO YOUR FATHERS
- and then says TO ABRAHAM, ISAAC, JACOB
-----------------------------------------
Rashi explains the second issue---Moses is
performing a triple citation as indicated above.
Hence it is necessary to mention each of the
three patriarchs.
However Rashi does not explain why the phrase
TO YOUR FATHERS is in the verse. This gives the
verse a GENERAL-DETAIL form but I do not see
any inference that can be derived from this
style.
Note: There is a philosophical implication to the fact
that God made a separate promise to each Patriarch:
--------------------------------------------------
The attribute each Patriarch was known for was
sufficient to merit the land of Israel to the Jews.
- Because Jews are charitable like Abraham
- Because Jews give their lives up like Isaac
- Because Jews endure the exile like Jacob
Each of these attributes is sufficient to merit Israel
to the Jews
--------------------------------------------------
================================================================
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Volume 30 Number 24
#*#*#*# (C) 2000-2006, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#
Volume 30 Number 24