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VERSE: Ex14-05b

RASHIS COVERED: Ex14-05b Ex14-25c Ex16-05a Ex16-23a
                Ex16-30a Ex15-16a Ex15-16b Ex25-08a

========================== Ex14-05b ============================

SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals was the explanation of meaning
the same way a dictionary explains meaning. Rashi had a
variety of vehicles to explain meaning.

Ex14-05b IDIOMS
---------------
CHANGE OF HEART = CHANGE HIS MIND (Like in English)

Ex14-25c METONOMY (Means RELATED thing)
---------------------------------------
EGYPT = EGYPTIANS; AMERICA =AMERICANS

Ex16-05a SHIN-SIN Equality
--------------------------
The SeLauV = The SHalAYV=Tranquil bird
(A FAT bird giving a sense of FULLNESS)

Ex16-23a MEM = PLACE OF
----------------------
Mishmar = Prison (Watched place)
Mishmereth = Storage (Watched place)

Ex15-16a,Ex15-16b SYNONYMS
--------------------------
AYMAH = Anxiety; PACHAD = Fear
================================================================
ITEM                     DETAIL
======================== =======================================
RASHI RULE CLASS:        WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      SYNONYMS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW                LIST955a
List of                  Synonym pairs-differ minutely
---------------------    ------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      NEW MEANINGS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW                LIST854z
List of                  2-3-word Biblical idioms
---------------------    ------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      8 Methods of Naming
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW                LIST871d
List of idioms using     metonomy (eg Egypt=Egyptians)
----------------------   --------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      2-4 Letter roots
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW                LIST910d
List of root pairs with  SHIN-SIN difference;they mean same
--------------------     ------------------------------
SEE BELOW                LIST910e
List of words with       Prefix MEM meaning PLACE of
================================================================

======================== LIST910e ===============================
List of words with       Prefix MEM meaning PLACE of
=================================================================
WORD      MEANS   FROM ROOT MEANING    MEANING=PLACE of SOMETHING
========= ======= ========= ========== ==========================
MIKDASH   TEMPLE  KDSH      HOLY       TEMPLE=Place of HoLiness*1
MISHMAR   PRISON  ShMR      WATCH      PRISON=WATCHED place*2
MISHMERET STORAGE ShMR      WATCH      STORAGE=Watched place
MIGDAL    TOWER   GDL       BIG        TOWER=BIG PLACE
MIKRAH    HOLIDAY KRA       Proclaimed HOLIDAY=Proclaimed day*3

NOTES
-----
*1 Ex25-08a (See Epsteins translation of Rashi who presents
   a similar list)

*2 Ex16-23a

*3 PLACE is in SPACE;
   DAY is in TIME.
   MEM can equally mean a PLACE of
   something or a TIME of something.
=================================================================

======================== LIST910d ============================
List of root pairs differing in SIN-SHIN. As can be seen
both roots are similar in meaning*1
==============================================================
ROOT          SIN     SHIN       COMMONALITY OF TWO ROOTS
============= ======= ========== =============================
Sin-Lamed-Vav FatBird Tranquil   Feeling of Saiety
Ayin-Sin-Resh 10      rich       10=plurality;rich=much money
Ayin-Sin-Kuph dispute wage-theft Both involve property fights
Kuph-Sin-Kuph Quarter trinkets*2 Both are small silver objects
Chet-Sin-Caph withold dark       To withold=keep it in dark
Nun-Sin-Aleph lift up seduce     Seduce=give a person a HIGH

NOTES
-----
*1 The 2 Rashis on Gn25-29a Gn25-29b both describe
   property disputes on the wells


*2 Biblical money has the following analogy with English
   ------------------------------
   Penny    = Perutah
   Quarter  = Kesitah = 1/6 Dinar
   Dollar   = Dinar
   5 Dollar = Selah = 4 Dinar
   ------------------------------
We of course use poetic lisence to translate Kesitah as
a Quarter (since it really is a sixth)
================================================================

========================= LIST955a =====================
List of                Synonym pairs-differ minutely*1
========================================================
VERSE    WORD   BASIC IDEA NUANCES
======== ====== ========== =============================
Ex15-16a AyMaH  Fear       ANXIETY(Long term fear)*12
Ex15-16b PaChaD Fear       FEAR(Short term fear)*12
Ex05-07b L-V-N  To Build   BRICKS used for building
Ex05-07a T-V-N  To Build   STRAW used for building
Ex01-07a S-R-Tz Reproduce  Reproduce alot*9 *11
Gn47-23a HAY    HERE       I am giving this to you*8
Gn43-28a KiDaH  BOW        BOW
Gn43-28a SaChaH BOW        PROSTRATE
Gn15-05a NBT    SEE        To FACE a situation
Gn29-17b TOAR   Good looks Good FIGURE
Gn29-17c MAREH  Good looks Good LOOKS
Lv15-03a R-R    To SPILL   To OOZE out*1
Lv14-41a YQTzA  To CUT     To SANDPAPER*2
Lv11-35a KIRaIM STOVES     OVEN*3
Lv02-05a MChVT  Pots       FRYING-PAN:Pot*4
Lv02-07a MRChST Pots       FRYING-PAN:Pot*4
Lv13-02a SAYTH  White      SNOW-WHITE:CLOUD-WHITE*5
Lv13-02b BHRT   White      SNOW-WHITE:CLOUD-WHITE*5
Dt24-06a RChIM  Grindstone Bottom vs Top Grindstone*6
Dt24-06b RCV    Grindstone Top vs Bottom Grindstone*6
Ex31-18a KIYOR  BASIN      Vat:Sprinkler*7

NOTES
-----
*1 This root occurs very infrequently We have
   - Lv15-03a oozing (RR) of sexual secretions
   - 1S21-14 (Spittle)
   - Jb06-06(Oozing of plants or spittle)

*2 Thus YQTziA doesnt just refer to ANY CUTTING but
   rather to SANDPAPERING. Hence this root can
   also refer to CORNERS and EDGES
   (which get their distinctness from being SANDPAPERED)

*3 I used an English analogy. Actually TNUR vs CIRaYIM
   seem to refer to a ONE-burner vs a TWO-Burner
   hot plate. I am not actually sure on all details*10

*4 Both of these are pots. One is shallow--the type
   used for frying. The other is deep--the type
   used for rich cooking*10

*5 These are two shades of white. I dont know if analogies
   exist in English (CLOUD-WHITE or
   SNOW-WHITE vs MARBLE WHITE)*10

*6 I dont believe English has technical terms for the TOP
   vs the Bottom grindstone*10

*7 Again there are no English words. The Kaph-Vuv-Resh
   refers to a VAT that can hold about 200 Gallons

   By contrast the Kaph-Yud-Vuv-Resh refers to a hugh
   TANK of water with faucet holes. This TANK was
   used to wash hands and legs in the temple (The water
   sprinkled out of the holes and washed the person)

*8 HAY only occurs twice in the Bible (The other occurence
   is at Ez16-43). The difference between HAY and HINAY
   seems to be that
   - You use HINAY (HERE) when the object you are giving
     is actually there
   - You use HAY (HERE) when the object you are giving
     is not necessarily physically there but accessible.
   Hence since Joseph said HERE, I AM GIVING YOU SEED,
   and was referring to SEED he possessed (but not
   seed that he had immediately before him) we use
   the word HAY not HINAY. (This suggested difference
   is conjectural; there are verses with Hinay that
   would seem to contradict it--if so HAY and HINAY
   would simply be two synonyms with the same meaning)

*9 So eg REPRODUCE and INSECTIFY both have the same
   basic meaning of HAVING CHILDREN. But INSECTIFY
   has the added nuance of having MANY CHILDREN

---------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ------------------

*10 I believe Rashis basic thrust in all these verses is
    explaining items that are ALMOST similar in meaning
    but have some subtle nuance (Like STOVE OVEN).

    However Rashi goes further and gives etymologies of
    some of these words eg
    - SeAyTh = CLOUD WHITE (From NaSiH=cloud)
    - MaChaVath= FRYING PAN (Has a rim that HIDES(Cheth-Bet)
    - MaRCheSeth= Deep Cooking Pan(food BUBBLES (RaChSh))
    - RCV=Top Grindstone that RIDES(RCV) on the other grindstone
    There are more etymologies; some of these have been
    discussed elsewhere. I believe these are the basic ones.

*11 Rashi-s actual language is
    -----------------------------------------
    S-R-Tz means to have 6 children at a time
    -----------------------------------------
    The number 6 has sent the Rashi commentators
    into a frenzy. Some Rashi commentators derive
    the number 6 from the 6 verbs in Ex01-07
    - (1) The Jews REPRODUCED
    - (2) and INSECTIFIED
    - (3) and MULTIPLIED
    - (4) and became HUMONGOUS
    - (5) ALOT
    - (6) ALOT
    However a simpler approach to Rashi is the following
    - The word INSECTIFY means HAVE CHILDREN LIKE INSECTS
    - So INSECTIFY means HAVE AS MANY CHILDREN AS YOU CAN
    - But the maxmimum children a woman can have is 6
    - So Rashi-is-Simple

*12 e.g. Gn15-12 Abraham had ANXIETY on the vision of
    what would happen to him over the next 400 years
    vs. Dt28-66 You will FEAR Day and NIGHT.

    (It is hard to prove exact nuances from the
    verses--it may be more precise to state that
    AYMAH is NON-SPECIFIC ANXIETY while PACHAD is
    SPECIFIC FEAR. This would be consistent with
    the etymology of AYMAH = AY MAH = WHERE IS IT?
    WHAT WILL HAPPEN -- that is, ANXIETY is a state
    of excessive concern on what will happen without
    being specific.)
========================================================

======================= LIST854z ================================
A List of Biblical idioms..eg FROM DAYS DAYS=YEARLY
LIST854z continues  LIST854d
=================================================================
VERSE    BIBLICAL PHRASE         TRANSLATION           NOTES
======== ======================= ===================== ==========
Ex14-05b CHANGE OF HEART         Changed his mind
Gn43-29a FIND GRACE              Wish(ed) you well     *5
Gn24-57a ASK HER MOUTH           Discuss/get opinions  *4
Ex12-06d BETWEEN THE EVES        NOON                  *3
Gn37-03a SON OF OLD AGE          Youngest              *1
Gn37-26b COVER BLOOD             Conceal murder        *2
Ex21-21a DAY OR DAYS             24 hours
Lv13-39a DULL WHITE              DULL WHITE

NOTES
-----
*1 Rashi points out 3 equally possible meanings
   - Youngest son (Son born while father  was ELDERLY)
   - Wisest son (ELDER=WISDOM)
   - Son who resembles father (despite old age he still
     looks like son)

*2 This is an example of a DOUBLE METONOMY
   Blood is ASSOCIATED with life and COVER is
   associated with denial. Hence COVER-BLOOD=conceal-murder

*3 NOON is the midpoint between EVE and DAWN. Hence
   NOON is the BETWEEN THE EVES.

*4 The context is the proposed marriage of 15 year old
   Rivkah to Isaac from another country. The offer had
   been made by the servant of Abraham to Rivkahs family

   The Biblical text states: Let us(her parents)
   ASK HER MOUTH

   This is the ONLY time in the Bible that this
   phrase occurs(The verb ASK occurs frequently).
   Apparently this phrase means
   - Lets DISCUSS or LETS GET AN OPINION*10
   Such an interpretation is appropriate for a marriage
   decision

*5 FIND-GRACE can equally mean I WISH YOU WELL or
   YOU WERE WISHED WELL. Rashi points out that GRACE
   by itself has this same connotation (Without the
   full phrase FIND GRACE). See LIST854g for further
   details

---------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ---------------

*10 Hence the Rashi on Gn24-57b: The Biblical text
    states that Rivkah responded: I WILL GO.

    But Rashi, surprisingly states: I WILL GO WHETHER
    YOU LIKE IT OR NOT.

    Why did Rashi read such an emphasis into the simple
    question and answer
    ------------------------------------------
    PARENTS: Rivkah, Will you go with this man
    RIVKAH: I will go.
    ------------------------------------------

    The answer is that the Bible says
    ------------------------------------------
    PARENTS: We will DISCUSS THE MATTER with her;
             get her opinion
    PARENTS: Rivkah, Will you go with this man
    RIVKAH: I will go.
    ------------------------------------------

    Thus the context shows that Rivkah was not
    INTERESTED IN A DISCUSSION--she had already
    made up her mind
=========================================================

========================= LIST871d =============================
List of idioms using     metonomy (eg Egypt=Egyptians)
================================================================
VERSE    TEXT OF VERSE  METONOMY(ITEM means RELATED ITEM)
======== ============== ========================================
Ex14-25c EGYPT-the land Egyptians-the people*6
Gn49-09c ABOVE plunder  REMOVED from plundering (Above it)*5
Gn49-05b VIOLENT TOOLS  Criminal behavior*4
Gn45-18b FAT of land    BEST of land
Gn45-08a FATHER to Phrh FRIEND/ADVISOR to Pharoh
Gn43-34a He gave LIFTS  LIFTED THEIR SPIRIT-i.e. gifts
Gn41-35b HAND of Pharoh DOMAIN of Pharoh*2
Gn24-18a pitchr on HAND she lowered pitcher on her ARM
Gn37-26b COVER blood    CONCEAL murder
Gn37-26b cover BLOOD    conceal MURDER
Ex30-13c HOLY coins     Coins used in HOLY TEMPLE matters
Dt18-01c FIRES of God   SACRIFICES offered on temple Fire
Dt29-19a SMOKING anger  Anger that makes person HOT
Gn13-02a Abraham HEAVY  Abraham-s assets NUMEROUS
Gn13-02a ABRAHAM heavy  ABRAHAM-S ASSETS numerous

NOTES
-----
*1 Many examples in this list come from previous
   list in the metonomy series (LIST871a,
   LIST871b, LIST871c)

*2 See LIST871e for 6 Rashis mentioning this HAND=DOMAIN
   theme

*3 See LIST871f for verses where NSA means GIFT

*4 Rashi citing the Midrash Rabbah states
   -------------------------------------
   Your violence is something you VIOLATED
   from Esauv (You are killing like Esauv)
   -------------------------------------

   But I see no reason to see this Midrash
   as the PRIMARY simple meaning of the
   verse. The PRIMARY meaning of the verse
   is that Shimon and Levi were criminals
   The Midrash is simply adding a pun to this
   observation.

*5 See LIST871g for some examples

*6 This is a common metonomy that occurs in English
   (eg America-Americans etc).

   Rashi is cute here: He EXPLAINS the metonomy
   ----------------------------------------------
   When the soldiers die at sea their loved ones
   back in Egypt also suffer and in effect are
   smitten by God
   ----------------------------------------------
   Rashi does not contradict the metonomy--he
   simply shows why it is convenient to identify
   the LAND and PEOPLE.

===============================================================
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Volume 20 Number 22


#*#*#*#*#  (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 20 Number 22