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  |      Rashi is Simple Version 2.0                         |
  |      (C) Dr Hendel, Summer 2000                          |
  |       http://www.RashiYomi.Com                           |
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VERSE: Ex21-29b

OVERVIEW:
========
There are many popular books on Hebrew. In Hebrew all verbs
have 3 letter roots. These roots are in turn CONJUGATED to
indicate such things as PERSON, PLURALITY, GENDER, TIME etc

Here are some simple examples
-->Shin-Mem-Resh< means >TO WATCH<
-->Shin-Mem-Resh-TAUV-YUD< means >I watched<
-->Shin-Mem-Resh-TAUV<     means >You watched<
-->ALEPH-Shin-Mem-Resh<    means >I will watch<

There are popular books on the Hebrew conjugations. One
such book is for example >201 ways to Conjugate Hebrew verbs<
Another popular reference is the index to the Ibn-Shoshan
Hebrew dictionary


RULE
====
If one looks up in Ibn-Shoshan dictionary in the 6th Table
of verb conjugations (Those whose 2nd letter is >VUV<) then
one easily sees that the PASSIVE-CAUSATIVE TENSE (Someone did
this to someone else), 3rd Person, Past, Male is conjugated
as
        >Hey+VUV(Kubutz)+X+Z
where the X and Z are the 1st and 3rd letters of the root.
Thus
        >Ayin-Vuv-Dalet<
is conjugated as
        >Hey-Vuv-Ayin-Dalet<


WHY EMPHASIZE THE OBVIOUS
=========================
But if this is known why does Rashi emphasize it? Rashi does
not usually give verb conjugations--why is Ex21-29b different


IT IS A RARE FORM
=================
I used the Grammatical-Form-Konkordance recently released
by Al Silberman. Looking up Form 1729 we find the following
list of ALL verbs in this form

{LIST} Verbs which exhibit Past-3rd-person-singular-male
conjugation in the passive-causative tense

ROOT            VERSE     PASSIVE-CAUSATIVE MEANING
====            ========  =========================
Yud-Caph-Cheth  Job33-19  And he was  rebuked   (by someone else)
Yud-Resh-Dalet  Nu10-17   And it was  taken down(by someone else)
Caph-Vuv-Nun    Isa16-05  And it will be founded(by grace)
Ayin-Vuv-Dalet  Ex21-29   And it was  warned    (by someone else)


SUMMARY
=======
Thus we see Rashis genious---the verb form is extremely rare.
Hence he had to comment on it. This is further amplified by
the fact that the verb Yud-Ayin-Dalet normally means >TO TESTIFY<
while in some verses it means >TO WARN< (Which is similar but
not identical to >TESTIFY). Thus between the rare form and
the abnormal meaning the student could easily get confused.

Hence the Rashi (The following list from Radack shows that
Ayin-Vuv-Dalet can mean WARN versus testify)

{LIST} Verses where Ayin-Vuv-Dalet means to WARN
================================================
VERSE   MEANING
=====   =======
Gn43-03 The person WARNED us not to come without Benjamin*1
Jer6-10 Who can I WARN
Dt04-26 I have WARNED you with punishment from heaven/earth*2
Is55-04 I have made him a WARNING to the nations
Ex21-29 And they will WARN him (about his OX)


NOTES
=====
*1 This verse was cited by Rashi as well as Radack

*2 Some commentaries interpret this as >I have made
   heaven and earth WITNESSES against you<


RULE USED: GRAMMAR
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 8 Number 5


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