#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
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VERSE: Gn37-26a
RASHIS COVERED: Gn37-26a Gn37-26b Gn37-36a Gn37-03a Gn37-07a Gn37-07b
========================= Gn37-26a ============================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals is to give the meaning of words
the same way the dictionary gives meaning. Rashi had a variety
of vehicles to present meaning.
EXAMPLE 1:Gn37-07b-Stand up
---------------------------
The Hebrew K-M-H when referring to people indicates a person
standing. When referring to inanimate objects it refers to
it being placed in an UPRIGHT position. Here we use the
method of naming by FORM
EXAMPLE 2: Gn37-07a A-L-M a) Widow, b)Mute c) Bundle
----------------------------------------------------
Rav Hirsch explains with a unified meaning of CONSTRAINT
whether in the physical sphere (BUNDLE) the information
sphere (MUTE) or the social sphere (WIDOW) While this root
occurs frequently, the meaning of BUNDLE hardly ever occurs
EXAMPLE 3: Gn37-03a ELDER SON=youngest,wisest
---------------------------------------------
ELDER-SON is a two word idiom: Rashi gives 3 possible
meanings: a) Youngest son b) Wisest son c) Son resembles father
EXAMPLE 4: Gn37-36a SLAUGHTERER=a) of animals b)of people
---------------------------------------------------------
Rashi points out that SLAUGHTERER in the Bible can equally
refer to food and war. Cute but true.
EXAMPLE 5: Gn37-26b COVER BLOOD=Conceal a murder
------------------------------------------------
The idiom COVER-BLOOD is a double metonomy
Blood is ASSOCIATED with life and COVER is
associated with denial. Hence COVER-BLOOD=conceal-murder
EXAMPLE 6: Gn37-26a Root B-Tz-A=a)To Cut b) Money c) Complete
-------------------------------------------------------------
Compare the English slang A CUT which can refer to a CUT
DEAL (completed), Monetary apportionment (The CUT) or to
CUTTING and severing ties.
===============================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== ======================================
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANING
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS NEW MEANINGS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST854z
List of 2-3-word Biblical idioms
------------- ---------------------
SEE BELOW LISt871d
List of idioms using Metonomy (Meaning by relation)
------------- ---------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 8 METHODS OF NAMING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST813a
List of words Named by FORM
------------- ---------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS UNIFIED MEANING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST862M
List of meanings of Hebrew root A-L-M(Constrain)
------------- ---------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS UNIFIED MEANING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST862N
List of meanings of Hebrew root Bet-Tzade-Ayin(The Cut)
------------- ---------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS UNIFIED MEANING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST862O
List of verses using Root Tet-Beth-Cheth(Chef,murder)
===============================================================
==================== LIST862M =================================
List of meanings of Hebrew root A-L-M(Constrain)*1*11
===============================================================
VERSE MEANING TEXT OF VERSE ILLUSTRATING MEANING
======== ================ =====================================
Gn37-07a Bundles/sheaves We were BUNDLING SHEAVES*10 *1
P126-06 Bundles/sheaves The SHEAF bearers will rejoice
----- --------- ----------
Is53-07 Mute I-m SILENCED like a sheep slaughtered
P039-06 Mute*1 I-m muted--I will not open my mouth
----- --------- ----------
La01-01 Widow*1 How has the great nation been WIDOWED
Is54-05 Widow The embarassment of WIDOWHOOD
----- --------- ----------
Nu14-21 However*1 HOWEVER...I will punish them
Jb13-04 However*1 HOWEVER...you are liars
----- --------- ----------
1S21-03 Somebody/place I sent my staff SOMEPLACE(unnamed)
Ru04-01 Somebody/place ..SOMEBODY(unnamed person)passed by
NOTES
-----
*1 Rav Hirsch suggests the following approach
- BUNDLE=constrain PHYSICALLY
- MUTE = constrain INFORMATIONALLY
- WIDOW= constrained SOCIALLY
- HOWEVER=constrained in the sentence (An exception)
- SOMBODY/PLACE=constrained in NAME
----------------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES --------------
*10 There is another subtle point here. You BUNDLE BUNDLES
Here the activity BUNDLE -to make a bundle, is derived
from the noun BUNDLE. This is similar to BUILD a BUILDING
but dissimilar to SCREW a SCREW. In general there are
3 ways for nouns to become verbs.See LIST050d at
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h18n17.htm
However Rashi here was not specifically commenting
on the verb-noun transformation. Rather Rashi was
commenting on the rare meaning of the root Aleph-Lamed-Mem
Statistically the root Aleph-Lamed-Mem is not a rare
root. However one of its 5 meanings only occurs twice.
Hence it is proper to perceive Rashi as commenting
on the rarity!
*11 All meanings and examples are courtesy of Radack,
Book of Biblical roots. Radack also gives a 6th meaning--
THE PORCH or ANTECHAMBER. However my personal opinion
is that the root of Aleph-Vuv-Lamed-Mem is Aleph-Lamed-Hey
-the oak tree. The porch or antechamber would be a
shaded room surrounded by trees.
===============================================================
==================== LIST862N ================================
List of meanings of Hebrew root Bet-Tzade-Ayin(The Cut)
==============================================================
Verse Meaning Text of verse
======== ================= ===================================
Ex18-21 CUT (of money) Judges despise taking CUTS
Gn37-26a CUT (of money) What is the CUT for us if we kill
----- ------ ----------
La02-17 COMPLETE(Cut it) God CUT the decree on us
Is10-12 COMPLETE(Cut it) God will CUT this project
----- ------ ----------
Is38-12 CUT-separate God will CUT me from hanging
Jo02-08 CUT-separate They fell in ruins but was not CUT
==============================================================
==================== LIST862O =================================
List of verses using Root Tet-Beth-Cheth(Chef,murder)
===============================================================
VERSE Slaughter Animals/People Text of verse
======== ========================= ============================
Ex21-37 Animal Steal animal,slaughter it
1S09-24 Animal The chef took the thigh
Gn37-36a Animal The Kings head chef
------ ------- ------------------
La02-21 People You slaughtered us,no mercy
Is34-06 People a big slaughter on Egypt
============================================================
======================= LIST854z ================================
A List of Biblical idioms..eg FROM DAYS DAYS=YEARLY
LIST854z continues LIST854d
=================================================================
VERSE BIBLICAL PHRASE TRANSLATION NOTES
======== ======================= ===================== ==========
Gn37-03a SON OF OLD AGE Youngest *1
Gn37-26b COVER BLOOD Conceal murder *2
Ex21-21a DAY OR DAYS 24 hours
Lv13-39a DULL WHITE DULL WHITE
NOTES
-----
*1 Rashi points out 3 equally possible meanings
- Youngest son (Son born while father was ELDERLY)
- Wisest son (ELDER=WISDOM)
- Son who resembles father (despite old age he still
looks like son)
*2 This is an example of a DOUBLE METONOMY
Blood is ASSOCIATED with life and COVER is
associated with denial. Hence COVER-BLOOD=conceal-murder
=========================================================
========================= LIST871d ======================
List of words which identify items with related items*1
=========================================================
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE METONOMY(ITEM means RELATED ITEM)
======== ============== =================================
Gn24-18a pitchr on HAND she lowered pitcher on her ARM
Gn37-26b COVER blood CONCEAL murder
Gn37-26b cover BLOOD conceal MURDER
Ex30-13c HOLY coins Coins used in HOLY TEMPLE matters
Dt18-01c FIRES of God SACRIFICES offered on temple Fire
Dt29-19a SMOKING anger Anger that makes person HOT
Gn13-02a Abraham HEAVY Abraham-s assets NUMEROUS
Gn13-02a ABRAHAM heavy ABRAHAM-S ASSETS numerous
NOTES
-----
*1 Many examples in this list come from previous
list in the metonomy series (LIST871a,
LIST871b, LIST871c)
=========================================================
======================== LIST813a ===============================
List of words Named by FORM (eg ORANGE(color-fruit))
=================================================================
# VERSE WORD IN VERSE MEANING
=== ======== =========================== ========================
-- Gn37-07b the stalks STOOD UP stand vertically*1
- Lv17-07a GOATS Demons*2
- Dt23-14a EARS for utensils Weapon belt*3
- Nu04-20a dont come when SWALLOWING when packing*4
- Gn30-37a LIVNEH Tree White colored (LVN)
- Gn30-37c ARMON tree LEAVE-PILES (araymah)
- Gn30-37d LOZ tree TWISTED twigs(Loz)*5
(1) Ex25-31d The THIGH of the Menorah The Menorah Bottom
(2) Ex40-22a On the THIGH of the temple in the North
(3) Ex40-22b On the THIGH of the temple in the North
(4) Lv01-11a On the THIGH of the Altar Bottom
(5) Ex25-31f A BUD ornament looks like a bud
(6) Ex25-31g The FRUIT ornaments looks like a fruit)
(7) Ex25-31h The FLOWER ornament FORM of a FLOWER
(8) Lv13-03b CLOUD WHITE Color of CLOUD
(9) Ex28-32a Garments MOUTH-HEAD Garments Neck
(10 Ex28-33a POMEGRANATE ornament Looks like POMEGRANATES
(12 Ex25-04a The BLUE thread died BLUE
(13 Ex25-04b The RED thread died RED
(16 Lv13-55d PChTheTh(Deep wound) Looks like a pit(PCTh)
(17 Lv13-18a SHCHIN (Boil-deep wound) Looks like a pit(SCH)
(18 -------- PENTAGON Named by its shape
(21 -------- Cherry (color) Looks like cherry(Fruit)
NOTES
-----
*1 The original meaning of the word Q-W-M is to
AWAKE. From this it means STAND UP. When applied
to inanimate objects it refers to a vertical standing
*2 Demons in dreams often appear with HORNS Hence
it is reasonable to call them GOATS
*3 This root seems to be very controversial.
For example some people (Radack cites them) suggest
that the root is Zayin-Nun (WEAPON) with an added
prefix of Aleph.
Hence Rav Hirsch suggests that the etymology is
PERSONAL (ALEPH) WEAPONS.
I would simply say that the UTENSIL BELT with
hanging cases on both sides looks like 2 ears
on a head. Thus the meaning is based on FORM.*10
*4 The verse literally is translated as follows
----------------------------------------------
So they (The Kehatites) shall not come
and look as the holy (objects) are being packed
-----------------------------------------------
For possible further examples see footnote *11
*5 cf these verses showing that LOZ means TWISTED
or DEVIANT Pr03-21, Pr03-33,Pr02-15. (Rashi
cites the French name of these trees)
----------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES ----------------
*10 To be fair Rashi explains TWO words in this verse
- The Hebrew Aleph-Zayin-Nun means WEAPON
- The Hebrew AL which usually means ON can also
mean BESIDES.
For the 6 meanings of AL see
http://www.RashiYomi.com/al-5.htm
Or visit the Rashi word page,
http://www.RashiYomi.com/words.htm
*11 Radack in his book, Biblical roots, lists 3 meanings
-------------------------------------------------
a) SWALLOW as in Jr51-34--He SWALLOWED me like a
Crockodile
b) DESTROY as in La02-02 - God has DESTROYED, without
mercy
c) HIDE/PACK as in Nu04-20
-------------------------------------------------
It is debatable whether there are other verses
illustrating this meaning of HIDE. Radack suggests
Jb27-30 and Jb10-08. I would say Is19-03---
------------------------------
God will HIDE (conceal) their advice
------------------------------
the metaphor of HIDING ADVICE is similar to the tone
at 2S15-31.
Suffice it to say that there is much controversy
on all the proper meaning of all these verses. However
our translation of Nu04-20 seems to be standard
==================================================================
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Volume 20 Number 4
#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 20 Number 4