Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List
             VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT
                  http://www.RashiYomi.com/
                  Surfing the Talmudic Seas

               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2003
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 17 Number 1
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
               -----------------------------------
               http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h17n1.htm
               -----------------------------------
                    Produced Feb 14th,  2003

       WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

Whats new and hot in this issue?
ITEM WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE
Rashi-Radack A charming apparent controversy resolved
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== =====================================
Ex32-02b GRAMMARr Conjugate UNLOAD: INTERACTIVE,COMMAND
Ex32-03c GRAMMARr Conjugate UNLOAD: INTERACTIVE,COMMAND
Ex31-03a WORD MEANINGS WISE=Knowledge;UNDERSTAND=Analysis...
Ex31-03b WORD MEANINGS WISE=Knowledge;UNDERSTAND=Analysis...
Ex31-03c WORD MEANINGS WISE=Knowledge;UNDERSTAND=Analysis...
Ex32-03b GRAMMARr ETH can mean FROM
Ex09-29a GRAMMARr ETH can mean FROM
Gn49-25b GRAMMARr ETH can mean FROM
--------- ---------------- -----------------------------------
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex32-02b
RASHIS COVERED: Ex32-03c Ex32-02b
Ex32-03c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain
grammar the same way modern Hebrew grammar
books explain grammar.

A particular focus of grammar is the
conjugation of verbs. Conjugation rules
follow standard tables. My favorite table
is the appendix to the Ibn Shoshan dictionary

EXAMPLE: Ex32-03c
-----------------
The Root Pay-Resh-Kufh means to UNLOAD. The HITPAEL
form (as shown in the list below) refers to INTERACTIVE
activity. TO INTERACTIVELY UNLOAD would refer to a
communal effort of unloading. By Table 1, the interactive
tense of the HITPAEL is YITHPARAKU*1

EXAMPLE: Ex32-02b
-----------------
The root Pay-Resh-Kufh means TO UNLOAD. According
to Ibn Shoshan Table 1, the command form -- UNLOAD --
is conjugated PARKU.*2
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: CONJUGATION
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
------------------------ --------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST703a
Lists of verses with HITPAEL meaning INTERACTIV
------------------------ --------------------------
COMMENTS
*1 Actually Ibn Shoshan gives YiThPaKKeDu with a PATACH
But YiThPaRaKu has a KAMATZ. The patach changed from
a PATACH to a KAMATZ because the adjacent RESH cannot
take a DAGESH

*2 Rashi brought the COMMAND conjugation despite it
being well known because the SAME root is conjugated
in the HITPAEL. Hence Rashi explains that the root
is conjugated twice (within 2 verses): Once in the
command and once in the interactive.
LIST703a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


According to Rashi the HITPAEL means the INTERACTIVE.
Several examples of roots in the HITPAEL, meaning
the INTERACTIVE, are presented below.*10
VERSE ROOT MEANING INTERACTIVE MEANING
Dt22-01a Ayin-Lamed-Mem OVERLOOK AVOID
Gn26-20a Ayin-Shin-Kuf WITHOLD WAGES BICKER ABOUT PROPERTY*1
Gn26-20b Ayin-Shin-Kuf WITHOLD WAGES BICKER ABOUT PROPERTY*1
Ex08-05a Pay-Aleph-Resh GLORIFY/BRAG CHALLENGE*2
Gn06-09c Hey-Lamed-Caph TO WALK TO WALK WITH SOMEONE*3
Dt01-21a Aleph-Nun-Pay ANGER*4 PICKY & ANGRY*5
Dt04-37a Aleph-Nun-Pay ANGER*4 PICKY & ANGRY*5
Nu11-18a Kuf-Dalet-Shin PREPARE COMMUNAL PREPARATION*6
Ex10-02a AYIN-LAMED-LAMED HARASS*7 TO SPORT*8
Nu22-29a AYIN-LAMED-LAMED HARASS*7 TO SPORT*8
Dt29-18a Bet-Resh-Caph to BLESS Interactive blessing*9
Gn26-04a Bet-Resh-Caph to BLESS Interactive blessing*9
Ex32-03c Pay-Resh-Kuf to UNLOAD Communal unloading
COMMENTS
*1 Hence Gn26-20a "And they BICKERED with him about the ownership"

*2             The Hitpael form means to CHALLENGE (that is to
BRAG thru interacting with someone else. Here is
the Rashi).

Ex08-05a Moses said to Pharoh...'you want the frogs removed
...well pick an exact time for their removal and
if my God doesn't remove them by then you can brag
how you outsmarted me'

*3  The hitpael form means --ie TO WALK WITH SOMEONE*3
to FOLLOW HIS WAYS (eg so when used with God it
means to follow a Godly life--(Rashi further
distinguished between WALK TO and WALK OF...but
we have explained this on Gn06-09c)

*4 See Isa12-1,Ps2-12 for verses that show that A-N-F means
anger

*5 That is, you get picky on everything the
person does--you allow, the person
you are angry with, no way out---every attempt at
apology is met with more anger (So you are
INTERACTIVELY angry)

*6 The Hitpael form would
mean to INTERACTIVELY PREPARE---TO PREPARE AS
A COMMUNITY. Thus on Nu11-18a Rashi says to the
community, "Prepare yourself for Gods punishment
for the way you have complained"

Note that this root can also, besides meaning to
prepare, can also mean to DESIGNATE (as e.g.
designating an animal for a sacrifice)

*7 The original meaning of the root
is to prune grapes from a vine.

Hence in the Kal Mode it can also mean to HARASS
To eg continuously bicker away at somebody till
he gives in.

The clearest proof of this is Jer6-9 "And they
will HARASS (Ayin-Lamed-Lamed) away at the Jews
the way a grape-vine is pruned (Ayin-Lamed-Lamed)"

*8 In the hitpael mode Ayin-Lamed-Lamed would mean
to interactively harass---I guess the closest
meaning would be 'to sport' with someone.

The difference between HARASS and SPORT is that
in HARASS you just want to eat away at someone.
By contrast, when you SPORT with someone you
don't just harass someone but you also provoke
them into fighting with you.

Rashi actually brings Lam1-12 and Lam1-22 to
vs Ex10-02 Jud19-25 Nu22-29a to support this
distinction. Thus Jud19-25 should be translated
THEY SPORTED WITH HER ALL NIGHT (vs they HARASSED
HER ALL NIGHT)

*9             Rashi gives the following example

eg When a father wishes to bless his son or friend
he will say 'May you be blessed like Abraham'

Similarly in Dt29-18a we could interpret it as

The person who sins fancies himself as a blessing
to his people; he thinks he is a leader leading them
to peace.'

COMMENT: Note how this intepretation answers the question in
Rashi on Dt29-28a: The NATION is punished for the deeds of the
INDIVIDUAL because the NATION INTERACTED WITH him and put up
with him See a similar theological Rashi on Lv20-05

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 There are 3 other theories on the meaning of the hitpael
The most popular is that hitpael means REFLEXIVE. I
think the verses above prove Rashi correct.

#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex31-03a
RASHIS COVERED: Ex31-03a Ex31-03b Ex31-03c
Ex31-03a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain word meanings
the same way a dictionary does. There are a variety
of vehicles by which Rashi explains word meanings.

One particular vehicle is the clarification of synonym
nuances. Three words might have almost the same meaning--
but Rashi shows the particular nuances of each one.

EXAMPLE
-------
- Caph-Chet-Mem means KNOWLEDGE (Gathered information)
- Beth-Yud-Nun means ANALYSiS (Inference of new items)
- Yud-Daleth-AYin means INTUITION(Familiarity with things)
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: CONJUGATION
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
------------------------ -----------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST950a
Lists of roots meaning SMART
------------------------ -----------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST950b
Lists of roots where MEM means ALOT
------------------------ -----------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST950c
Lists of verses with Yud-Dalet-Ayin meaning KNOW
------------------------ -----------------------------
LIST950a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


We present 3 words meaning SMART
- C-X-M means KNOWLEDGEABLE
- N-V-N means ANALYTIC
- Y-D-A means INTUITIVE
ROOT MEANS ACQUIRES KNOWLEDGE VIA..
Chet Caph Mem Knowledgeable Transmission
Beth-Yud-Nun Analytic Inference*1
Dalet-Ayin-Tv Intuitive Familiarity
COMMENTS
*1 We do not have a separate list on NBN. Rather
we infer its meaning from its root Beth-Yud-Nun
which means INBETWEEN. The process of analysis
is to identify MEDIATING VARIABLES THAT CONNECT
and LIE BETWEEN DATA AND INFERENCES
LIST950b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


We have frequently explained that Rashi believed
that conjugation of verbs was 3 letter in nature
while meaning is 2 letter in nature. The meaning
of every 3 letter root can be derived by breaking
up the root into a two letter and one letter root
(The conjugation is then 3 letter in nature)

Here is a simple example:
- Ceth-Caph means PALATE
- MEM means HOW MUCH
-
- Hence Ceth-Caph-Mem means HOW PALATABLE
and refers to a punchy aphorism (WIsdom!!!)

Here is the list *1
ROOT MEANS MEM means 2 LETTERS
Ceth Caph Mem Wisdom Aphorism How Palatable
Mem Aleph Hey 100 How many people*2
Mem Gimel Dalt Sumptuous How sweet
Mem Resh Aleph Plump How much to see
Mem Resh Tzade Proper/deserved How acceptable
COMMENTS
*1 The letter MEM has other meanings such as
- SOURCE/FROM
- PLACE
We are only giving a snapshot of one meaning

*2 The letter ALEPH means THINGS or PEOPLE
LIST950c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


The root Yud-Dalet-Ayin is normally translated
as KNOW. Actually however it means FAMILIARITY
or APPRECIATION. Thus a relative is called a FAMILIAR
Similarly marital relations is called BEING FAMILIAR

In Ex31-03 Yud-Dalet-Ayin means INTUITION which
fundamentally refers to FAMILIARITY with a situation
that allows you to have a gut feelings on certain
matters.
# VERSE Text of Verse with meaning YDA in CAPS
1 Ex18-11a Now I APPRECIATE that God is greater than all gods
2 Gn18-19a I'll FAMILIARIZE Abraham about Sedom & Gmarrah
3 Dt29-03a God didn't give you a heart to be FAMILIAR(with him)
4 Dt34-10a A prophet ... that God was FAMILIAR with face to face
5 Gn12-11a & Abraham said to Sarah 'I APPRECIATE you are beautiful'
6 Gn42-23a they didn't APPRECIATE that Joseph was listnening
7 Ex01-08b ..a new (Egyptian King) who wasn't FAMILIAR with Joseph
8 Ex16-06b And you will APPRECIATE that God took you out of Egypt
9 Gn19-05a Send the men out and we will be FAMILIAR them
10 Ex02-25a God heard their screams and God APPRECIATED them
11 Ex03-07a for I APPRECIATE their suffering
12 Gn22-12c Now I APPRECIATE that you are God fearing
13 Nu11-16b Take people FAMILIAR TO YOU and make them are leaders
14 Ex31-03 Bezalayl was INTELLECTUALLY FAMILIAR with building*1
COMMENTS
*1 Equivalantly: Bezalayl had an INTUITION about building
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex32-03b
RASHIS COVERED: Ex32-03b Ex09-29a Gn49-25b
Ex32-03b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain grammar
the same way modern Hebrew textbooks explain grammar

One function of grammar is to identify SPECIAL WORDS
such as WITH, OF, FROM etc. These connective words
occur frequently and connect sentence fragments
with meaning.

Many of these connective words frequently
change meaning. Thus the Hebrew word ETH which
loosely transated means OF can also mean FROM
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: SPECIAL WORDS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
------------------------ -----------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST005a
Lists of verses with ETH meaning FROM
------------------------ -----------------------------
LIST005a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


We present several verses where ETH means FROM

VERSE TEXT OF VERSE WITH eth TRANSLATED as FROM
Ex09-29a When I leave FROM the city
Gn44-04 As they left FROM The city
Gn41-08 And no one FROM THEM explained the dream
Ex32-03b They unloaded FROM the earing of their wives
Gn49-25b From God: He helps: FROM Almighty: He blesses*10
COMMENTS
*10 What a charming Rashi-Radack Controversy. Radack in
his delightful book ROOTS clearly gives this as an
example where ETH means FROM.

Rashi in his commentary SEEMS to say the opposite
------------------------------------------------
You followed Gods laws and were WITH GOD...hence
God blessed you
------------------------------------------------

Does Rashi then think ETH means WITH here? It
appears so.

But Radack has an OVERPOWERING argument. ALIGNMENT!
---------------------------------------------
FROM the God of your Father:  He helped you
FROM the Almighty----------:  He blessed you
---------------------------------------------

Radack correctly argues that the two FROMS are
parallel--hence we have to interpret ETH as
meaning FROM. Rashi CAN NOT get out of this.

Ah...but Rashi was not trying to. Rashi was
commenting on the fact that one stanza
speaks about the GOD OF YOUR FATHER while
the other speaks about GOD (And leaves
out the phrase OF YOUR FATHER)

Hence Rashi-is-Simple: Joseph did NOT
rely on his ancestral merit--rather
Joseph relied on HIS God--his own
observance (abstaining from his bosses
wifes overture) earned him the blessing
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#