Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2003 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 17 Number 12 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h17n12.htm ----------------------------------- Produced March 26th, 2003 WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
Whats new and hot in this issue? | ||
ITEM | WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE | |
Structure | We revu the orphan OVERALL STRUCTURE technique | |
Leibowitz | We revu HENDEL-LEIBOWITZ Rashi approaches |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ===================================== | |
Lv14-10a | BULLET | Bulleted Leper Purification Procedure | |
Lv14-10b | BULLET | Bulleted Leper Purification Procedure | |
Lv14-10c | BULLET | Bulleted Leper Purification Procedure | |
Lv14-12a | BULLET | Bulleted Leper Purification Procedure | |
Lv14-12b | BULLET | Bulleted Leper Purification Procedure | |
Lv14-12c | GRAMMARr | Waive ANIMAL-QUART together | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv14-10a
RASHIS COVERED: Lv14-10a Lv14-10b Lv14-10c
Lv14-12a Lv14-12b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
VERY BRIEF SUMMARY ------------------ Traditional Rashi-ists--such as Dr Leibowitz or Rabbi Boncheck frequently emphasize the grammatical- analytic approach to Rashi. Rashi, we are told, focuses on grammatical anomaly and extra words. The buzz-word is the QUESTION--the BOTHER--the ANNOYANCE. In other words to understand Rashi is to understand a tension that is bothering him--the RASHI QUESTION--and see how Rashi answers and resolves the tension. By contrast we, on this list, have emphasized the ideas of tone, structure. A Rashi need not have a bothersome point. Rashi may simply be pointing out the OVERALL STRUCTURE of a BIblical paragraph. Today we present 6 examples of this approach--we simply present a BULLETED list of the items in Lv14-10:21. The Rashis naturally and effortlessly flow from the list Without any questions being asked EXAMPLES 1-3 ------------ Lv14-10 mentions 4 Lepor Purification ITEMS: - the 2 lambs - the 3rd lamb - the 3 minchah offerings - the quart (Log*1) of oil Lv14-11:21 then elaborate how these items are used in various ACTIVITIES. This elegant contrast of ITEM vs ACTIVITY gives rise to 3 Rashis on overall structure EXAMPLE 1-3 ----------- - The 2 lambs correspond to the SIN and UP Offering - The 3rd lamb above corresponds to the GUILT offering - The 3 minchahs are one minchah each per 3 offerings - The OIL QUART is used later for various sprinklings EXAMPLES 4-5 ------------ The simple elegant progression of bullets - BRING NEAR the lamb - WAIVE it - SLAUGHTER suggests that - BRINGING near refers to BRINGING the lamb into the sanctuary (Even though BRINGING traditionally means to OFFER here we use the literal meaning since it fits into sequence) - WAIVING is done to the LIVE animal (Because WAIVE occurs before SLAUGHTER). We present two lists below - List104a is a bulleted list of all items/procedures - List104b compactly exhibits the overall structure | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | BULLET | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: | BULLET/PARAGRAPH | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #26 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST104a | |
List of bullets of | Lepor-Purification procedures | |
------------------------ | ---------------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST104b | |
Lists of cross-reference | of overall structure in LIST104a |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
We list items and procedures in the lepor purification ceremony presented in Lv14-10:21. The items are numbered A-P. Notice how A-D outline the 4 OBJECT CLASSES used in the procedure while E-P outline the 12 ACTIVITIES performed in the lepor-purification procedure. The cross references between these two sublists are summarized in List104b. The footnotes illuminate lessons learned from the SEQUENCE of A-P. | |||
# | Verse | Procedure Item | |
A | Lv14-10 | TAKES 2 lambs | |
B | Lv14-10 | TAKES 1 lamb | |
C | Lv14-10 | TAKES 3 tenths of flour mixed with oil for MINCHAH | |
D | Lv14-10 | TAKES 1 quart (log) of oil | |
- | ------- | ---------------------------------------------------- | |
E | Lv14-12 | Take 1 lamb *2 | |
F | Lv14-12 | BRING IT NEAR for GUILT OFFERING & 1 QUART OF OIL*2 | |
G | Lv14-12 | WAIVE THEM a waiving before God*2 | |
H | Lv14-13 | SLAUGHTER it at same place as Sin and Olah | |
I | Lv14-14 | Place BLOOD of ASHAM on ear, thumb and footthumb | |
J | Lv14-15 | Take QUART OF OIL and spill on Priests left hand | |
K | Lv14-16 | SPRINKLE (OIL) 7 times before God | |
L | Lv14-17 | SPRINKLE rest of OIL on Ear, thumb, Toe of Mezorah | |
M | Lv14-18 | SPILL rest of OIL on head | |
N | Lv14-19 | Make SIN offering | |
O | Lv14-20 | Afterwards make UP Offering | |
P | Lv14-21 | Offer Olah and MINCHAH | |
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*1 Technically a LOG is volume measure equal to the volume of 6 medium size eggs. Since two eggs fill a cup and since 4 cups make an English Quart we think it proper to translate LOG as QUART Technically the LOG as 3 cups while the QUART has 4 cups. However the translation gives the FEEL of the measure. The reader should be aware that thoughout this digest the word QUART means LOG *2 The sequence TAKE--BRING-NEAR--WAIVE--SLAUGHTER implies - that TAKE means DESIGNATE it (as a guilt offering - BRING NEAR means BRING TO TEMPLE DOORS *10 - WAIVE means WAIVE LIVE *11 These are the Rashis at Lv14-12a Lv14-12b*12 | |||
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*10 The word BRING-NEAR can equally mean - bring to temple door (Literal meaning) - offer a sacrifice (The word for sacrifice in Hebrew is NEARING from BRING NEAR) Ordinarily in the sacrificial procedures the term BRING NEAR means OFFER. Here (in Lv14-10) we take it literally to mean BRING NEAR to the temple because of the sequence (BRINGnear-...-SLAUGHTER--etc) A similar usage occurs at Lv01-03 *11 Most Temple waiving procedures are done on organs of slaughtered animals (cf Lv07-30 or Nu06-19:20) By contrast the SEQUENCE here requires us to interpret WAIVING as referring to LIVE WAIVING *12 In passing Malbim expresses surprise at Rashi who mentions that the GUILT offering must be DESIGNATED for its purpose (Since DESIGNATION is a general sacrificial requirement). Malbim should have known better (Then to question Rashi). As shown above Rashi was simply consistently commenting on SEQUENCE |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||||
Rashi shows how the 4 ITEMS listed in Lv14-10 are later used in the 12 LEPOR procedures. For example the ONE LAMB mentioned in #B ccorresponds to the lamb used for the GUILT OFFERING and explicitly mentioned in #E and #F. These correspondences of items and activities are the subject of 3 Rashis at Lv14-10 and correspond to the Rashi rule of OVERALL STRUCTURE | ||||
# | Object | Cross Reference | Use and Function | |
A | 2 lambs | N,O | Sin & Olah | |
B | 1 lamb | E,F | Guilt | |
C | 3 Flours | P | Olah & Minchah *2 | |
D | 1 QUART | F,J-M | Use in GUILT for Sprinklings | |
- | ------- | I | Sprinkling of Blood | |
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*1 Every UP offering must have MINCHAH libations accompanying it (Cf eg Nu15-01:16 or the constant references to Minchah Libations in Nu28 such as those at Nu28-05, Nu28-20, Nu28-28, Nu29-03, Nu29-09, Nu29-14 etc) |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv14-12c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
VERY BRIEF SUMMARY ------------------ Lv14-12c has a charming hopping of singular and plural -- (take the ANIMAL and OIL-QUART) -- waive THEM (plural) -- for a waiving(Singular!) So Rashi-is-Simple - From the plural -- WAIVE THEM--we learn that they (animal and oil quart) are both waived - From the singular-- WAIVING--we learn that they are waived together and not separately | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | GRAMMARr | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: | PLURAL-SINGULAR | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #9 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST070a | |
List of verses with | Plural-Singular verses |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||||
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: This whole list and set ---------------- of principles is due to MALBIM whose teachings on the simplicity of Biblical exegesis are profound and everlasting. OUr modest contribution is to present HIS list in tabular FORMAT. The list below presents verses which mix SINGULAR and PLURAL. Here are some rough rules RULE 1 ------ SINGULR(V) SINGULAR(S)--eg EACH PERSON HE MOUNTS SINGULAR SINGULAR is used to indicate NO commonality (Every person does it his own way) RULE 2 ------ PLURAL(V) SINGULAR(S) SINGULAR(DO)-eg -- each person RETURNS to HIS inheritance PLURAL SINGULAR SINGULAR indicates ---- a COMMON act ---- but INDIVIDUALLY done RULE 3 ------ PLURAL(V) PLURAL (S)--eg THEY offer THEIR sacrifices PLURAL PLURAL indicates a COMMUNAL act done by the community as a whole. RULE 4 ------ PLURAL&SINGULAR--eg WAIVES THEM(Plural) a WAIVING(sing -- So the act is done to BOTH objects(plural) at the same time (one WAIVING) Note this last rule (Rule 4) is applied when the plurality and singularity are both in NOUNS (vs NOUN and VERBS). There are more rules but this will suffice for now | ||||
SINGULAR S | PLURAL Verb | SINGULAR OBJECT | VERSE | |
Each person | unloaded*1 | his sack | Gn44-11 | |
Each person | dreamed*1 | his dream | Gn40-05 | |
Each person | sold *1 | his field | Gn47-20 | |
Each person | gleaned*1 | his needs | Gn16-16 | |
Each person | opened *1 | his sack | Gn44-11 | |
Each person | returns*1 | to his inheritance | Lv25-13 | |
----------- | -------------- | ------------------ | ------- | |
each person | won-t withold | his burial plot*2 | Gn23-06 | |
Each person | if he suspects | his wife *2 | Nu05-12 | |
Each person | if he redeems | his tenth *2 | Lv27-31 | |
let them | make tzitzith | for themselves*3 | Nu15-38 | |
----------- | -------------- | ------------------ | ------- | |
each person | was blessed | by his blessing *4 | Gn49-28c | |
each person | took | his sword *4 | Gn34-25 | |
each person | took | his incensor*4 | Lv10-01 | |
----------- | -------------- | ------------------ | ------- | |
each person | HE mounted | his donkey *5 | Gn44-13 | |
----------- | -------------- | ------------------ | ------- | |
each person | who offers | a sacrifice | Lv01-02 | |
they will | offer | their sacrifices*6 | Lv01-02 | |
----------- | -------------- | ------------------ | ------- | |
where they | they slaughter | the UP Offering | Lv07-01 | |
(there..) | they slaughter | the GUILT offering | Lv07-01 | |
its blood | he spills*7 | on the altar | Lv07-01 | |
----------- | -------------- | ------------------ | ------- | |
waive THEM*8 | WAIVING* | Lv14-12 | ||
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*1 This PLURAL-SINGULAR is rather normal usage. So eg EACH PERSON THEY UNLOADED THEIR SACKS means that - they unloaded TOGETHER (eg at the same time or helping each other) - but they each unloaded their individual sacks *2 Note the IF and NOT. The SINGULAR SINGULAR is appropriate. Eg IF SOMEONE SUSPECTS HIS WIFE (It doesnt necessarily apply to the whole group)! Similarly NO INDIVIDUAL PERSON WILL DENY HIS BURIAL PLOT TO YOU means that no particular person will so deny. *3 Malbim suggests that COMMANDS can be stated in the plural when they apply to everybody (that is everybody has to make Tzitzith) *4 So we see elements of COMMONALITY (PLURAL) and INDIVIDUALITY (SINGULAR) in these verses. - Each person THEY took HIS incensor RASHI: They didnt do it as a group The didnt consult each other - Each person THEY took HIS sword RASHI: They didnt do it as group They didnt consult each other - Each person THEY WERE BLESSED according to THEIR blessing RASHI: So although the blessings were individual (eg Judah was a lion and Naftali was a Gazelle) nevertheless their was a commonality--that is Jacob bless all of them as a group with the blessings and benefits of each individual member. *5 Note the SINGULAR SINGULAR form---the brothers were upset at Benjamin being framed and hence they didnt think of each other---they EACH MOUNTED IN THEIR OWN WAY WITHOUT ANY UNISON *6 So the first part of the verse talks about offering a voluntary individual offering. The 2nd part of the verse speaks about offering a voluntary communal offering (Hence the singular-plural) *7 So although the verse talks about the GUILT offering nevertheless, it makes a general comment about COMMUNAL offerings: - wherever ANY communal UP offering is slaughtered - there, the GUILT offering is slaughtered As a side inference we see that the Torah assumes that ALL UP offerings (Individual-communal) are offered in the NORTH *8 This example differs from the others in that the singular and plural are both in nouns (vs noun and verb). The subject is the WAIVINGS of the lepor purification ceremony - waive THEM (Plural) implies that BOTH objects (ANIMAL and OIL-QUART) must be waived - waive a WAIVING (Singular) implies that they are waived at the same time (Hence one waiving) |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#