SPECIAL PASSOVER ISSUE---CRUNCHY TORAH NUGGETS HAPPY PASSOVER HAPPY PASSOVER Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2003 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 17 Number 18 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h17n18.htm ----------------------------------- Produced April 14th, 2003 WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
Whats new and hot in this issue? | ||
ITEM | WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE | |
Happy Pesach | SPECIAL PASSOVER ISSUE--CRUNCHY TORAH NUGGETS | |
Happy Pesach | ---------------------- --------------------- | |
Happy Pesach | Check out http://www.Rashiyomi.com/pa.htm | |
ENGLISH RASHI | Complete ONLINE English Bible and Rashi*1 | |
ENGLISH RASHI | Special HEBREW-ENGLISH-RASHIYOMI page*1 | |
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*1 Want a COMPLETE FREE ONLINE Rashi and Bible Visit http://www.tachash.org/aish/parsha60.html Thanks to my readers for all the comments Here is what is planned (Programming done during Pesach) -- PULLDOWNS on main page to select verses -- A 3 part page will then appear with -- HEBREW text of verse selected -- ENGLISH text of verse and ENGLISH Rashi -- Relevant RASHI YOMI postings if applicable |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ======================================= | |
Ex13-04z | ALIGNMENT | SPECIAL PASSOVER ISSUE | |
Dt16-01b | OTHER VERSES | CROSS REFERENCES of Dt16 and Ex12 | |
Dt16-02a | OTHER VERSES | CROSS REFERENCES of Dt16 and Ex12 | |
Dt16-02b | OTHER VERSES | CROSS REFERENCES of Dt16 and Ex12 | |
Dt16-03a | OTHER VERSES | CROSS REFERENCES of Dt16 and Ex12 | |
Dt16-03b | OTHER VERSES | CROSS REFERENCES of Dt16 and Ex12 | |
Lv28-08a | EXAMPLE7 | Jubilee=7 sabbatical years+1=49+1 | |
Lv28-08b | EXAMPLE7 | Jubilee=7 sabbatical years+1=49+1 | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#VERSE:Ex18-04z
Dr Russell Hendel
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/ Adapted From Rashi is Simple © 1999-2001Presented at Congregation Shomrey Emunah, Apr 15, 2001
THE BIBLICAL TEXT OF THE 4 SONS
Type of Son |
Chapter Begins |
Chapter Ends |
Wicked |
Ex12-25 |
Ex12-28 |
Apathetic |
Ex13-01 |
Ex13-10 |
Simple |
Ex13-14 |
Ex13-16 |
Wise |
Dt06-20 |
Dt06-25 |
THE BIBLICAL TEXT OF QUESTIONS/ANSWERS*0
Type of Son |
Question:Who asks? |
Question Verb |
Answer Verb |
Answer To whom? |
Wicked |
When your son |
SAYS*1 |
SAY*2 |
*3 |
Apathetic |
*1 |
TELL*2 |
to your son*3 |
|
Simple |
When your son |
ASKS |
SAY |
to him*3 |
Wise |
When your son |
ASKS |
SAY |
to your son |
Comments:
*0 E.g. The first row shows the Biblical text of the son's questions When your son says…
The first row also shows
the Biblical text of the answer: SAY…. Note e.g. that only the wicked question SAYS his question. The Bible describes
the other children as ASKING their questions.
*1 The wicked SAYS his question cynically; the apathetic doesn’t ask.
*2 You tell stories to the Apathetic in a maternal manner; to the other sons you simply SAY your question
*3 To the wicked you STATE your position without confrontation.(SAY but not SAY TO HIM)
To the simple son you tell what happened but don’t directly call him YOUR SON---do not yet ask him to carry on the family traditions
Grammatical Observations*0
Type of Son |
Question |
Response |
Use of FOR YOU*3 |
Wicked |
Plural*1 |
Plural |
Absent |
Apathetic |
Single |
Present*3 |
|
Simple |
Single |
Single*2 |
Absent |
Wise |
Single |
Plural |
Absent |
Comments
HOW ARE TORAH OBLIGATIONS DESCRIBED*0
Type of Son |
Biblical Word Used |
Wicked |
SERVICE/WORK*1 |
Apathetic |
CHOK--statute |
Simple |
|
Wise |
CHOK-MITZVAH-CHARITY |
COMMENTS
EXPRESSIONS OF THANKS TO GOD ON THE COMMANDMENT*0
Type of Son |
Does the nation thank God for the commandment |
Wicked |
And the people bowed and prostrated*1 |
Apathetic |
|
Simple |
|
Wise |
COMMENTS:
*0
Only one of the 4 Biblical chapters commanding teaching ones children about Passover contains an expression of thanks, by the nation, to God on the commandment
HOW DOES THE BIBLE DESCRIBE THE promise to GIVE US ISRAEL
Type of Son |
Biblical Language describing Promise to give Jews Israel |
Wicked |
When you come to the land that God will give you as he SAID*1 |
Apathetic |
When you come to the..lands that God SWORE to your fathers to give |
Simple |
When you come to the..land as God SWORE to your fathers |
Wise |
He took us out of Egypt to give us the land that he SWORE to our fathers |
COMMENTS:
*1
By the other children we emphasize that God SWORE to give us Israel. Only by the wicked son does the Torah use the milder form, God SAID he would give us Israel. The milder form---SAID vs
WHAT COMMANDMENTS SHOULD BE MENTIONED TO THE 4 SONS*0
Type of Son |
Pascal Lamb |
Hitting Egypt |
Other Mitzvahs |
Tefillin |
Wicked |
Pascal lamb*1 |
God saved us;killed Egypt*1 |
||
Apathetic |
Matzoh-Maror*2 |
Tefillin*2 |
||
Simple |
Pascal Lamb*1*3 |
Killed Egyptian 1st born*3 |
1st born mitzvahs*3 |
Tefillin*3 |
Wise |
Many mitzvahs*3 |
Many plagues on Egypt*3 |
Many mitzvahs*3 |
Many mitzvahs*3 |
COMMENTS
*0
Each of the 4 chapters commanding us to tell the story of Egypt to our sons has certain specificity. For example only certain chapters ask us to mention to our sons the commandment of tefillin by which we c*1 The Pascal lamb is explicitly mentioned only to the wicked and simple son. Since the wicked son has been influenced by his friends therefore we use the Pascal lamb as a vehicle for answering his problem---God saved us but kille
*2 The problem of the apathetic son is his apathy. The remedy for this problem is providing him with a plethora of symbols to move him emotionally. The Bible simply says to tell him Because of THIS God redeeemed me. The wor
*3 The problem of the simple son is his simplicity while the problem of the wise son is his thirst for knowledge. Hence the wise son is given MANY COMMANDMENTS and EXPLAINED IN DETAIL ABOUT THE 10 PLAGUES. By contrast the simple s
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Dt16-01b
RASHIS COVERED: Dt16-01b Dt16-02a Dt16-02b Dt16-03a Dt16-03b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
VERY BRIEF SUMMARY ------------------ As we all know Passover is a holiday of education. But how do we educate young children--how do we build them up to become Gedolim. The Hagaddah is very clear---the basic education technique exhibited in the Hagaddah is CROSS REFERENCE. You show a child or Gadol one verse and ask them for another verse with the same theme. The entire AN ARAMEAN DEPRIVED MY FATHER OF A JOB section of the Hagaddah is filled with cross references Several examples of this basic CROSS REFERENCE technique occur in Dt16 - Dt16-01b Egypt salvation at night cross references - Ex13-31a Pharoh got up at night*1 - Dt16-02a Pesach offering from HERDS cross references - Ex12-03:05 Passover from SHEEP,GOATS*2 - Dt16-03b Because you left hastily cross references - Ex12-39 Matzoh not bread due to haste These and two other examples are compactly exhibited in the list below. Happy Passover and be sure to play the CROSS REFERENCE GAME. Tell your children verses and see if they can match them to other verses they know. Who knows...perhaps they will grow up to become Gedolim. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | OTHER VERSES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | FURTHER DETAILS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #1 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST213a | |
List of cross references | between Dt16 vs Ex12 | |
------------------------ | ----------------------------- | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | FURTHER DETAILS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #4 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST241a | |
List of contradictions | between Dt16 and Ex12 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||||
We have gathered here a collection of Rashis on Dt16. The common theme in these 5 Rashis is a cross reference to Ex13. Most of these Rashis illustrate CROSS REFERENCING to give further detail Several Rashis however illustrate CROSS REFERENCING to resolve contradiction Hence we repeat this list in the OTHER VERSE-FURTHER DETAIL SERIES (List213a) as well as in the OTHER-VERSE-CONTRADICTION SERIES (List241a) | ||||
Dt VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE | Ex VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE | |
Dt16-01b | Egypt salvation at night | Ex13-31a | Pharoh got up at night*1 | |
Dt16-02a | Pesach offering from HERDS | Ex12-03:05 | Passover from SHEEP,GOATS*2 | |
Dt16-02b | ..... from herds & cattle*3 | Ex12-03:04 | 1 Lamb=Household;2 Lambs=Household | |
Dt16-03a | Eat Matzoh--bread of poverty | Ex12-39 | Matzoh not bread due to haste*4 | |
Dt16-03b | Because you left hastily | Ex12-39 | Matzoh not bread due to haste | |
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*1 Rashi points out that we can approach this as resolution of contradiction. Here are 3 verses on Egypt ----------------------------------------------------------------- Ex12-31 Pharoh got up at NIGHT and said (to Jews) Get out of here Ex12-41 After 430 years IN BROAD DAYLIGHT the Jews left Egypt Ex12-42 It (Passover Eve) is a Watched NIGHT for God Dt16-01 God saved you from Egypt at NIGHT ----------------------------------------------------------------- We would then use the RABBI ISHMAEL CONTRADICTION method-- resolution by 2 points of time (Workbook principle #15) -- Pharoh gave the order to expul the Jews at night -- The Jews left in Broad daylight the next day *2 Reading teachers will become aware of the subtlety in this cross reference: For the word HERD never occurs in Ex12. Rather Ex12 states that the Passover lamb is from Sheep and Goats. One has to know that HERD animals refers to SHEEP and GOATS to understand the cross-reference. (In reading theory this is known as the difference between KNOWLEDGE BASED ON DIRECT CITATION vs KNOWLEDGE BASED ON MEANING) *3 Ex12-03:04 lists 2 (out of 3 logical cases) - EXACT: Take 1 lamb for each household for Passover - TOO LITTLE If one household eats LESS than a lamb take 2 households - TOO MUCH Suppose one household eats MORE than a lamb Ex12-03:04 only covers EXACT and TOO LITTLE. It does not cover TOO MUCH. Another problem is that Ex12-03:04 speak about HERD Passovers while Dt16-02 speaks about CATTLE Passovers. Rashi therefore explains that USUALLY the PASSOVER will be from Sheep. However if the households is big and eats more than a lamb then they should offer simultaneously an OX FESTIVAL offering so that they can eat the OX FESTIVAL and SHEEP PASSOVER together. Rashi in fact points that many lessons can be inferred from this verse Rashi however suffices with one lesson (use a Festival Ox if the house is to big). This is the Rashi way. Rashi states the basic idea in the verse but does not give full details. Those who wish may regard this example as illustrating the OTHER VERSE-CONTRADICTION method. *4 I am honored here to cite my teacher Rabbi Dr Joseph B Soloveitchick: ------------------------------------------------------- Matzoh commemorates the REDEMPTION and SALVATION Matzoh also commemorates the POVERTY Jews lived in(no bread!) - How can Matzoh be both REDEMPTION, SALVATION and POVERTY ANSWER: Matzoh sybmolizes neither POVERTY nor SALVATIN ------ Rather MATZOH sybmolizes GODS ability to TRANSFORM ------ POVERTY to SALVATION ------------------------------------------------------- |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||||
We have gathered here a collection of Rashis on Dt16. The common theme in these 5 Rashis is a cross reference to Ex13. Most of these Rashis illustrate CROSS REFERENCING to give further detail Several Rashis however illustrate CROSS REFERENCING to resolve contradiction Hence we repeat this list in the OTHER VERSE-FURTHER DETAIL SERIES (List213a) as well as in the OTHER-VERSE-CONTRADICTION SERIES (List241a) | ||||
Dt VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE | Ex VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE | |
Dt16-01b | Egypt salvation at night | Ex13-31a | Pharoh got up at night*1 | |
Dt16-02a | Pesach offering from HERDS | Ex12-03:05 | Passover from SHEEP,GOATS*2 | |
Dt16-02b | ..... from herds & cattle*3 | Ex12-03:04 | 1 Lamb=Household;2 Lambs=Household | |
Dt16-03a | Eat Matzoh--bread of poverty | Ex12-39 | Matzoh not bread due to haste*4 | |
Dt16-03b | Because you left hastily | Ex12-39 | Matzoh not bread due to haste | |
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*1 Rashi points out that we can approach this as resolution of contradiction. Here are 3 verses on Egypt ----------------------------------------------------------------- Ex12-31 Pharoh got up at NIGHT and said (to Jews) Get out of here Ex12-41 After 430 years IN BROAD DAYLIGHT the Jews left Egypt Ex12-42 It (Passover Eve) is a Watched NIGHT for God Dt16-01 God saved you from Egypt at NIGHT ----------------------------------------------------------------- We would then use the RABBI ISHMAEL CONTRADICTION method-- resolution by 2 points of time (Workbook principle #15) -- Pharoh gave the order to expul the Jews at night -- The Jews left in Broad daylight the next day *2 Reading teachers will become aware of the subtlety in this cross reference: For the word HERD never occurs in Ex12. Rather Ex12 states that the Passover lamb is from Sheep and Goats. One has to know that HERD animals refers to SHEEP and GOATS to understand the cross-reference. (In reading theory this is known as the difference between KNOWLEDGE BASED ON DIRECT CITATION vs KNOWLEDGE BASED ON MEANING) *3 Ex12-03:04 lists 2 (out of 3 logical cases) - EXACT: Take 1 lamb for each household for Passover - TOO LITTLE If one household eats LESS than a lamb take 2 households - TOO MUCH Suppose one household eats MORE than a lamb Ex12-03:04 only covers EXACT and TOO LITTLE. It does not cover TOO MUCH. Another problem is that Ex12-03:04 speak about HERD Passovers while Dt16-02 speaks about CATTLE Passovers. Rashi therefore explains that USUALLY the PASSOVER will be from Sheep. However if the households is big and eats more than a lamb then they should offer simultaneously an OX FESTIVAL offering so that they can eat the OX FESTIVAL and SHEEP PASSOVER together. Rashi in fact points that many lessons can be inferred from this verse Rashi however suffices with one lesson (use a Festival Ox if the house is to big). This is the Rashi way. Rashi states the basic idea in the verse but does not give full details. Those who wish may regard this example as illustrating the OTHER VERSE-CONTRADICTION method. *4 I am honored here to cite my teacher Rabbi Dr Joseph B Soloveitchick: ------------------------------------------------------- Matzoh commemorates the REDEMPTION and SALVATION Matzoh also commemorates the POVERTY Jews lived in(no bread!) - How can Matzoh be both REDEMPTION, SALVATION and POVERTY ANSWER: Matzoh sybmolizes neither POVERTY nor SALVATIN ------ Rather MATZOH sybmolizes GODS ability to TRANSFORM ------ POVERTY to SALVATION ------------------------------------------------------- |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv28-08a
RASHIS COVERED: Lv28-08a Lv28-08b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
VERY BRIEF SUMMARY ------------------- Most Rashi students are familiar with the Leibowitz-Boncheck approach of seeing Rashi as focusing on Grammar, Meaning and anomaly (THE QUESTION, THE THING THAT IS BOTHERING RASHI) However in many verses nothing is bothering Rashi. Rather Rashi focuses on style. Here, Rashi uses the Rabbi Ishmael style rules. One fundamental style rule states that the GENERAL-PARTICULAR-GENERAL style should be interpreted broadly---the PARTICULAR is not exclusive but rather a good example EXAMPLE: Lv28-08 ---------------- GENERAL Count 7 SABBATICAL YEARS DETAILS --------------------------7 cycles of 7 years GENERAL The 7 Sabbatical years=49 Rashi: So the DETAIL phrase---7 cycles of 7 years is merely a good example. Ideally the Jubilee (50th year) should come after 7, 7-year-Sabbatical periods, in which all loans are forgiven, but if you violated the loan-forgiveness, the Jubilee is still declared in the 50th year. In halachic lingo, loan forgiveness is PREFERRED but not ESSENTIAL to Jubilee declaration. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS | RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | GENERALIZED | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #25 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST410A | |
Examination of structure of | Lv25-08 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
We exhibit the GENERAL-DETAIL-GENERAL structure of Lv26-08. This GENERAL-DETAIL-GENERAL structure is a style principle and requires that the detail be perceived as a GOOD EXAMPLE and therefore the regulation applies to anything that is SIMILAR to the detail. The footnotes illuminate further | ||
CATEGORY | TEXT OF VERSE | |
GENERAL | Count 7 Sabbatical years*1 | |
DETAIL | 7 cycles of 7 years *2 | |
GENERAL | 7 Sabbatical years=49 years*3 *10 | |
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*1 Every 7 years the calendar has a SHMITAH year. During this period all loans are forgiven. See the following verses for details - Dt15-01:02 - Ex23-10:12 - Ex34-21 The Torah seems to call this 7th year the REMOVAL year--however in Lv25-08 it is called the SABBATH year making an analogy between the 7th year and the 7th day. *2 Rashis MAIN point is that the verse is talking about a 49 year period consisting of 7 cycles of 7 years. Very often Rashi extablishes a main point by exaggeration ------------------------------------- RASHI: Perhaps we could just forgive debts 7 years in a row (instead of 7 cycles of 7 years) and then have a Jubilee in the 50th year? Therefore the text says: 7 Sabbatical year---49 years ------------------------------------- It would be improper to think that Rashi really believed that we could have 7 consecutive loan-forgiveness years. Rather Rashi is using this example as an exaggeration--- he is showing how the absense of the DETAIL phrase which explicitly states 49 years could cause us to think otherwise. Thus Rashis point is that the GENERAL idea of 7 Sabbatical-forgiveness years is DETAILED by a requirement of 49 years. A person who understands this understands Rashi without it being necessary to consider the possible counterexample of 7 consecutive forgiveness years. *3 The GENERAL-DETAIL-GENERAL style requires generalization of the DETAIL phrase---ANY 49 year period---even if you violated the loan forgiveness requirement in the 7th years. *10 | ||
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*10 At a grammatical level Rashi could also be derived from the famous rule that the pronoun TO YOU indicates personal use. Hence when Lv25-08 states --------------------------------------------- these 7 sabbaticals shall be TO YOU 49 years --------------------------------------------- we infer that the 49 years works EVEN if you used them FOR YOURSELVES and did not forgive debts. However the more mature way of reading Rashi is to see him as inferring from the style of the verse that ANY 49 year period works even if the preferred loan forgiveness did not occur See http://www.RashiYomi.com/ex18-27a.htm for futher details. |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#