Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List
             VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT
                  http://www.RashiYomi.com/
                  Surfing the Talmudic Seas

               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2003
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 18 Number 23
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
               -----------------------------------
               http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h18n23.htm
               -----------------------------------
                    Produced Aug  6th, 2003

       WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

Whats new and hot in this issue?
ITEM WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE
TISHA BEAV Rashis on Tisha Beav Leining
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== ========================================
Dt04-31a WORD MEANINGS RFH=weak,abandon; AD=witness,testified
Dt04-26a WORD MEANINGS RFH=weak,abandon; AD=witness,testified
Dt04-33a GRAMMARr Indicate QUESTION by using HEY
Gn04-09c GRAMMARr Indicate QUESTION by using HEY
Nu32-06a GRAMMARr Indicate QUESTION by using HEY
Gn27-38a GRAMMARr Indicate QUESTION by using HEY
Gn18-17a GRAMMARr Indicate QUESTION by using HEY
--------- ---------------- -----------------------------------
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt04-31a
RASHIS COVERED: Dt04-31a Dt04-26a
Dt04-31a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain meaning
the same way the dictionary explains meaning. However
Rashi has a variety of vehicles to explain meaning.
For example Rashi sometimes shows how each grammatical
mode of a root may have a different meaning.

EXAMPLE-  R-F-H
---------------
The root Resh-Pay-Hey means
- WEAK HANDED in the active mode (KAL)
- WEAK (referring to whole person) in passive mode(NIFAL)
- ABANDON in the causative mode(HIFIL)
When you ABANDON someone you CAUSE them to be weak.

EXAMPLE- Ayin-Dalet
-------------------
The root Ayin Dalet means
- DESIGNATE witnesses (in the causative mode)
- TESTIFIED against (in the passive-causative mode)
When however you simply want to say that you
TESTIFIED against someone you dont use a verb
form but rather either say
- I ANSWERED WITNESS against so and so
- I WAS A WITNESS against so and so
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS ROOT+PREPOSITION
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST901b
List of verses with root R-P-H meaning ABANDON, WEAK
------------------------ ------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST901c
List of verses with root A-D meaning WITNESS,TESTIFIED
LIST901b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

List of verses with the root Resh-Pay-Hey.
This root means
- WEAK HANDED in the ACTIVE TENSE
- WEAK (referring to a person) in the PASSIVE MODE
- TO LEAVE ALONE (in the CAUSATIVE mode)*1 *10 *11
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE;R-F-Hs meaning CAPPED TENSE
Jr06-24 When we heard we had WEAK HANDS ACTIVE
2S17-02 ...he will be tired and WEAK HANDED ACTIVE
---- ------------------------------- ----
Ex05-08 ...you are WEAK therefore you hope PASSIVE
---- ------------------------------- ----
Ju02-37 LEAVE ME ALONE for 2 months CAUSATIVE
2R04-27 LEAVE HER ALONE for she is bitter CAUSATIVE
Jo10-06 DONT LEAVE US ALONE...pray for us CAUSATIVE
Dt04-31a God will NOT LEAVE YOU CAUSATIVE
COMMENTS
*1 TO LEAVE ALONE = To CAUSE weakness (by not
supporting someone)

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 Compare however Nu13-18 ..
----------------------------
is the land STRONG or WEAK
----------------------------
where the active (not passive) is used.
I dont fully understand how this fits into the
rules--perhaps the verse should be understood
elliptically (..is the nation STRONG [HANDED]
or WEAK [HANDED])

*11 See the Ibn Shoshan Dictionary, the Appendix,
Table 9 which contains the conjugations of
1-2-Hey roots. The root Resh-Pay-Hey follows
this pattern.
LIST901c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


List of verses with the root Ayin-Vuv-Dalet(Witness)*10
Interestingly to TESTIFY does not use a verb form
but rather the constructions
- BE A WITNESS ON SOMEONE
- ANSWER WITNESS ON SOMEONE

The verb forms of AYIN-DALET have the following meanings
- DESIGNATE WITNESSES (Caustive mode)
- TESTIFIED against (Passive Causative mode)
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE: MEANING OF A-D in CAPS CAUSATV
Is08-02 I will DESIGNATE trustworthy witnesses CAUSATV
1R21-10 DESIGNATE 2 false witnesses to testify CAUSATV
Dt04-26a Ill DESIGNATE Heaven/Earth as witness CAUSATV
----- --------------------------------- -----
Ex21-29 ..Owners were TESTIFIED against PASSIVE
----- --------------------------------- -----
Dt05-17 Dont ANSWER FALSE WITNESS on a friend ANSWER
Dt31-21 This poem will ANSWER*1 IN WITNESS ANSWER
----- --------------------------------- -----
Gn31-44 ...make treaty..WILL BE*2 FOR WITNESS BE
COMMENTS
*1 Radack points out that the root Ayin-Nun-Hey
normally translated -- TO ANSWER -- can
also be translated as TESTIFY

*2 To TESTIFY is never indicated by a verb form
but rather by the constructions
-- WILL BE WITNESS
-- ANSWER WITNESSES

The verb forms of Ayin-Vuv-Dalet mean
- To designate
- to be testified against



-------------------- LONGER  FOOTNOTES ---------------

*10 See The Ibn Shoshan Dictionary, Appendix, Table
6 for the verb conjugations of 1-Vuv-3 roots
These conjugations apply to Ayin-Vuv-Dalet
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt04-33a
RASHIS COVERED: Dt04-33a Gn04-09c Nu32-06a Gn27-38a Gn18-17a
Dt04-33a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain grammar
the same way grammar books explain grammar.

EXAMPLE
-------
In Hebrew, the interrogative is indicated
by placing the LETTER HEY before the
beginning of the 1st work in the sentence
and punctuating it in certain ways.

- (HEY+CHATAF PATACH) Has any nation every heard
- (HEY+CHATAF PATACH) Has God ever done miracles for a nation
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMAR
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS THE INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW LIST009a
List of verses with INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE
LIST009a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

We present a list of verses with interrogative sentence
The interrogative is indicated by placing a hey before
the sentence with certain punctuation At least
5 cases are listed.
CASE PUNCTUATION EXAMPLE VERSE
Ordinary Case HAY+CHATAF PATACH Ha Shomayr Gn04-09c
Ordinary Case HAY+CHATAF PATACH Ha ShaMa Dt04-33a
Ordinary Case HAY+CHATAF PATACH Ha NiSah Dt04-34
----------- ---------------- ---------- --------
Before Guttural Hay+PATACH HA ACHAYCHM Nu32-06a
Before CH+Kmtz Hay+Segol HE CHAZAK Nu13-18
Before Resh Hay+Chataf Patach Ha Rafeh Nu13-18
Before Shva Hay+PATACH+DAGESH HAS-Smaynah Nu13-20
Before Shva+Yud Hey+Patach HAY-DATEM Gn29-05
-------------- ---------------- ---------- ---------
Bef Shva+BGDKFT Hey+Patach HA VRACAH*1 Gn27-38a
Bef Mem+Shvah Hay+Patach HA MCASEH*1 Gn18-17a
COMMENTS
*1 I am not that certain if the last 2 cases are always
true--they need further refinement The other rules in
the list are however UNIVERSALLY applied

Regarding the BGDKFT rule  compare Job15-8, HVSOD,
with "V" not "B" (according to Aleppo). By
contrast see Jb23-06 HABERAV where the rule is violated

Regarding the MEM-SHVA rule compare Jb15-11 HAMAT
where the rule is observed Also compare Ex02-14
HALHARGAYNI where the rule is observed with a LAMED
SHVAIT (Perhaps the rule applies to MEM, NUN and
LAMED shvait)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#