Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2003 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 18 Number 23 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h18n23.htm ----------------------------------- Produced Aug 6th, 2003 WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
Whats new and hot in this issue? | ||
ITEM | WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE | |
TISHA BEAV | Rashis on Tisha Beav Leining |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ======================================== | |
Dt04-31a | WORD MEANINGS | RFH=weak,abandon; AD=witness,testified | |
Dt04-26a | WORD MEANINGS | RFH=weak,abandon; AD=witness,testified | |
Dt04-33a | GRAMMARr | Indicate QUESTION by using HEY | |
Gn04-09c | GRAMMARr | Indicate QUESTION by using HEY | |
Nu32-06a | GRAMMARr | Indicate QUESTION by using HEY | |
Gn27-38a | GRAMMARr | Indicate QUESTION by using HEY | |
Gn18-17a | GRAMMARr | Indicate QUESTION by using HEY | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
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VERSE: Dt04-31a
RASHIS COVERED: Dt04-31a Dt04-26a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain meaning the same way the dictionary explains meaning. However Rashi has a variety of vehicles to explain meaning. For example Rashi sometimes shows how each grammatical mode of a root may have a different meaning. EXAMPLE- R-F-H --------------- The root Resh-Pay-Hey means - WEAK HANDED in the active mode (KAL) - WEAK (referring to whole person) in passive mode(NIFAL) - ABANDON in the causative mode(HIFIL) When you ABANDON someone you CAUSE them to be weak. EXAMPLE- Ayin-Dalet ------------------- The root Ayin Dalet means - DESIGNATE witnesses (in the causative mode) - TESTIFIED against (in the passive-causative mode) When however you simply want to say that you TESTIFIED against someone you dont use a verb form but rather either say - I ANSWERED WITNESS against so and so - I WAS A WITNESS against so and so | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | WORD MEANINGS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | ROOT+PREPOSITION | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST901b | |
List of verses with root | R-P-H meaning ABANDON, WEAK | |
------------------------ | ------------------------------ | |
SEE BELOW | LIST901c | |
List of verses with root | A-D meaning WITNESS,TESTIFIED |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
List of verses with the root Resh-Pay-Hey. This root means - WEAK HANDED in the ACTIVE TENSE - WEAK (referring to a person) in the PASSIVE MODE - TO LEAVE ALONE (in the CAUSATIVE mode)*1 *10 *11 | |||
VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE;R-F-Hs meaning CAPPED | TENSE | |
Jr06-24 | When we heard we had WEAK HANDS | ACTIVE | |
2S17-02 | ...he will be tired and WEAK HANDED | ACTIVE | |
---- | ------------------------------- | ---- | |
Ex05-08 | ...you are WEAK therefore you hope | PASSIVE | |
---- | ------------------------------- | ---- | |
Ju02-37 | LEAVE ME ALONE for 2 months | CAUSATIVE | |
2R04-27 | LEAVE HER ALONE for she is bitter | CAUSATIVE | |
Jo10-06 | DONT LEAVE US ALONE...pray for us | CAUSATIVE | |
Dt04-31a | God will NOT LEAVE YOU | CAUSATIVE | |
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*1 TO LEAVE ALONE = To CAUSE weakness (by not supporting someone) | |||
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*10 Compare however Nu13-18 .. ---------------------------- is the land STRONG or WEAK ---------------------------- where the active (not passive) is used. I dont fully understand how this fits into the rules--perhaps the verse should be understood elliptically (..is the nation STRONG [HANDED] or WEAK [HANDED]) *11 See the Ibn Shoshan Dictionary, the Appendix, Table 9 which contains the conjugations of 1-2-Hey roots. The root Resh-Pay-Hey follows this pattern. |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
List of verses with the root Ayin-Vuv-Dalet(Witness)*10 Interestingly to TESTIFY does not use a verb form but rather the constructions - BE A WITNESS ON SOMEONE - ANSWER WITNESS ON SOMEONE The verb forms of AYIN-DALET have the following meanings - DESIGNATE WITNESSES (Caustive mode) - TESTIFIED against (Passive Causative mode) | |||
VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE: MEANING OF A-D in CAPS | CAUSATV | |
Is08-02 | I will DESIGNATE trustworthy witnesses | CAUSATV | |
1R21-10 | DESIGNATE 2 false witnesses to testify | CAUSATV | |
Dt04-26a | Ill DESIGNATE Heaven/Earth as witness | CAUSATV | |
----- | --------------------------------- | ----- | |
Ex21-29 | ..Owners were TESTIFIED against | PASSIVE | |
----- | --------------------------------- | ----- | |
Dt05-17 | Dont ANSWER FALSE WITNESS on a friend | ANSWER | |
Dt31-21 | This poem will ANSWER*1 IN WITNESS | ANSWER | |
----- | --------------------------------- | ----- | |
Gn31-44 | ...make treaty..WILL BE*2 FOR WITNESS | BE | |
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*1 Radack points out that the root Ayin-Nun-Hey normally translated -- TO ANSWER -- can also be translated as TESTIFY *2 To TESTIFY is never indicated by a verb form but rather by the constructions -- WILL BE WITNESS -- ANSWER WITNESSES The verb forms of Ayin-Vuv-Dalet mean - To designate - to be testified against -------------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES --------------- *10 See The Ibn Shoshan Dictionary, Appendix, Table 6 for the verb conjugations of 1-Vuv-3 roots These conjugations apply to Ayin-Vuv-Dalet |
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VERSE: Dt04-33a
RASHIS COVERED: Dt04-33a Gn04-09c Nu32-06a Gn27-38a Gn18-17a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain grammar the same way grammar books explain grammar. EXAMPLE ------- In Hebrew, the interrogative is indicated by placing the LETTER HEY before the beginning of the 1st work in the sentence and punctuating it in certain ways. - (HEY+CHATAF PATACH) Has any nation every heard - (HEY+CHATAF PATACH) Has God ever done miracles for a nation | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | GRAMMAR | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | THE INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #9 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST009a | |
List of verses with | INTERROGATIVE SENTENCE |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||||
We present a list of verses with interrogative sentence The interrogative is indicated by placing a hey before the sentence with certain punctuation At least 5 cases are listed. | ||||
CASE | PUNCTUATION | EXAMPLE | VERSE | |
Ordinary Case | HAY+CHATAF PATACH | Ha Shomayr | Gn04-09c | |
Ordinary Case | HAY+CHATAF PATACH | Ha ShaMa | Dt04-33a | |
Ordinary Case | HAY+CHATAF PATACH | Ha NiSah | Dt04-34 | |
----------- | ---------------- | ---------- | -------- | |
Before Guttural | Hay+PATACH | HA ACHAYCHM | Nu32-06a | |
Before CH+Kmtz | Hay+Segol | HE CHAZAK | Nu13-18 | |
Before Resh | Hay+Chataf Patach | Ha Rafeh | Nu13-18 | |
Before Shva | Hay+PATACH+DAGESH | HAS-Smaynah | Nu13-20 | |
Before Shva+Yud | Hey+Patach | HAY-DATEM | Gn29-05 | |
-------------- | ---------------- | ---------- | --------- | |
Bef Shva+BGDKFT | Hey+Patach | HA VRACAH*1 | Gn27-38a | |
Bef Mem+Shvah | Hay+Patach | HA MCASEH*1 | Gn18-17a | |
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*1 I am not that certain if the last 2 cases are always true--they need further refinement The other rules in the list are however UNIVERSALLY applied Regarding the BGDKFT rule compare Job15-8, HVSOD, with "V" not "B" (according to Aleppo). By contrast see Jb23-06 HABERAV where the rule is violated Regarding the MEM-SHVA rule compare Jb15-11 HAMAT where the rule is observed Also compare Ex02-14 HALHARGAYNI where the rule is observed with a LAMED SHVAIT (Perhaps the rule applies to MEM, NUN and LAMED shvait) |
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