Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2003 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 18 Number 8 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h18n8.htm ----------------------------------- Produced Jun 17th, 2003 WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
Whats new and hot in this issue? | ||
ITEM | WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE | |
DATABASE | Completion of a computerized alignment study*1 | |
STAT DE JOUR | A daily stat about Rashi that is not known*2 | |
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*1 I have just completed, using over 60 hours of computing time, a detailed analysis of alignment. The Rashis from this alignment will be presented over the next few months. AND...they are all peaches, beauties and punchy We start easy, during June and July with the 299 verse pairs that have 10 or more words in common. Stay tuned for a year of Midrashic insights A sophisticated version of this will be presented at a Jewish studies conference next September in Nebraska. Here are some nifty examples: - Do you know the real reason Chazal knew Chur was murdered - Why do Chazal think Shimon married Dinah after her rape *2 I have just completed a detailed electronicization of Rashi. I will be giving daily STAT de JOURs. All statistics are based on the Version IId of the DAVKA Rashi CD Rom. Todays stat de Jour: One out of every 3 Torah verses has no Rashi. |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ======================================= | |
Nu19-02c | GRAMMARr | COMPLETELY RED ox vs COMPLETE & RED OX | |
Gn15-21a | GRAMMARr | COMPLETELY RED ox vs COMPLETE & RED OX | |
Ex32-10a | ALIGNMENT | God(Golden calf) asked Moses to pray | |
Nu19-03b | ALIGNMENT | God(Golden calf) asked Moses to pray | |
Nu20-03a | WORD MEANINGS | LOO means IF ONLY THIS WOULD-VE HAPPEND | |
Nu20-03b | WORD MEANINGS | LOO means IF ONLY THIS WOULD-VE HAPPEND | |
Nu20-03c | GRAMMARr | NOUN vs VERB form(BigVAH vs BigVOah) | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Nu19-02c
RASHIS COVERED: Nu19-02c Gn15-12a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- In this posting Rashi teaches us Grammar. The 3 words in the verse are - Ox - Red - Complete Should we read this as a ----COMPLETE AND RED OX Or Should we read this as ----COMPLETELY RED OX That is, does RED modify OX or COMPLETE (Is it an adjective or adverb). Rashi discovered a simple rule: - COMPLETE AND RED OX has the word AND to indicate a LIST - COMPLETELY - RED OX does not have the word AND So the rule is use AND when listing multiple properties but leave the AND out when listing properties of properties *10 | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | GRAMMAR | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | MODIFIERS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #9 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST080a | |
Verses with | Several modifiers | |
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*10 The traditional approach to Rashi looks at extra words. The verse states -------------------------- Take an ox - red - --- complete - without blemish -------------------------- If COMPLETE meant UNBLEMISHED then the verse would have an extra phrase COMPLETE--WITHOUT BLEMISH Our approach is to use LISTS. - RED and COMPLETE OX would require the word AND - COMPELTELY RED OX does not the word AND In this manner Rashi-is-Simple. |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||||||
2 Grammatical forms are presented: - multiple properties (ADJ) (uses the word AND) - properties of properties (ADV-ADJ)(doesnt use AND) Our list approach differs from the conventional EXTRA WORD APPROACH | |||||||
VERSE | Talks about | Property-1 | And | Property2 | and | Property3 | |
Gn27-34 | Scream*1 | Big | and | Bitter | |||
Gn50-10 | Eulogy | Big | and | Enormous | |||
Nu14-12 | Nation | Big | and | Enormous | |||
Dt02-10 | Nation | Big | and | Many | and | High | |
------- | ----------------------- | -------------- | --- | --------- | --- | ------ | |
Gn15-12a | Fear*2 | Great | Darkness | ||||
Nu19-02c | Ox*2 | Completely | Red | ||||
------- | ----------------------- | -------------- | --- | --------- | --- | ------ | |
Jr03-09 | Congregation of Nations | big*3 | |||||
Ex26-14 | skins of Rams | red*3 | |||||
------- | ----------------------- | -------------- | --- | --------- | --- | ------ | |
Ez17-03 | The Great Eagle:*4 | Great wings | Long Wings | ||||
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*1 THE STANDARD MULTIPLE PROPERTY(ADJECTIVE)FORM ------------------------------------ big AND bitter SCREAM We state the NOUN (SCREAM) followed by a list of properties (Adjectives) joined by the word AND *2 THE OPPOSITION ADVERB-ADJECTIVE FORM ------------------------------------ If the word AND is missing in the list of properties than we interpret it as properties of properties OX: Completely Red vs OX: Complete(unblemished) & Red Hence Rashi interprets - COMPLETELY Red (all its hairs are red(except perhaps 1)) - The great darkness (not great fear)---referring to the long(great) exile after the destruction of the 2nd Temple *3 An unusual form: Construct-noun (Congregation OF nations) followed by the property (BIG) The property modifies the whole phrase: A BIG CONGREGATION OF NATIONS Similarly RED -- (RAM-SKINS) *4 Another unusual form: Opposition is used with phrases THE GREAT EAGLE (which is) GREAT WINGED (and) LONG WINGED... More phrases are mentioned in the verse. In this case we perceive each phrase as a property (when however WORDS are listed vs PHRASES we perceive them as adverb-adjective pairs) |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Ex32-10a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Recall during the Golden Calf incident God wanted to destroy the Jewish people but Moses stopped the destruction thru his prayer. By ALIGNING Ex32-09 and Dt09-13 we see an extra word - And God said to Moses -------: This nation is really stubborn - And God said to me TO RESPOND: This nation is really stubborn Thus we EXPLICITLY see that God ASKED Moses to pray (ie RESPOND) for the Jewish people so that they should not be destroyed. Rashi following the Talmud finds several supportive hints to this explicit idea. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | ALIGNMENT | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | NUANCE | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #11 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST307i | |
2 Verses discussing | that the Jews are stubborn |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||||
The context is the golden-calf sin--God had wanted to destroy the Jewish people. We align two verses where God sees the Jews as Stubborn. The minor difference between these verses shows God wanted Moses to pray for the Jews. Other supportive texts are presented | |||||
VERSE | Phrase 1 | Phrase 2 | Phrase 3 | Phrase 4 | |
Ex32-09 | God said | to Moses | ---------- | I see this nation They are stubborn | |
Dt09-13 | God said | to me | to be said | I see this nation They are stubborn | |
Differs | *1 | *2 | *3 | *1 | |
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*1 The same in both verses *2 An insignificant Difference. In Dt Moses is speaking and therefore says that GOD SPOKE TO ME while in Ex God is speaking and it therefore says GOD SPOKE TO MOSES *3 The extra phrase TO BE SAID indicates that a response was required. Hence the Rashi -- God told Moses that if he didnt pray the Jews would be destroyed but if he did pray they could be saved*10 | |||||
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*10 We think the above proof the clearest. However there are many supportive verses showing the importance of MOses prayer. Example 1 --------- Ex32-10a Now, Moses, LEAVE ME ALONE, and I will get angry and destroy them RASHI: God explained to Moses that if he didnt pray the Jews would be destroyed Example 2 --------- The sister verse Dt09-14 states: Moses, GET OFF OF ME and I will destroy them.... TALMUD: This phrase --- GET OFF OF ME --- shows that Moses (as it were) grabbed God by the collar and refused to let go till they were forgiven. |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Nu19-03b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Although most sacrificial procedures were done by priests, nevertheless, from 2Ch30-17 we infer that the slaughtering of the animal can be done by a non-priest. Nu19-03 states (concerning the Red Heiffer) that the animal should be SLAUGHTERED IN THE PRESENCE OF ELAZAR THE PRIEST. Ordinarily I would simply state that the Bible is using a TYPICAL EXAMPLE and that we need not literally require that slaughter be done before the priest.(The typical example method is a legitimate Biblical method of exegesis) However by aligning half a dozen verses talking about slaughtering in sacrifices we find that this phrase -- slaughter it IN THE PRESENCE OF THE PRIEST -- is peculiar. We therefore conclude that the red heiffer must be slaughtered in the presence of the officiating priest. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | ALIGNMENT | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | NUANCE | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #11 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST307k | |
Verses discussing | slaughtering in sacrifices |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
Alignment of verses discussing slaughter of sacrifices. From the alignment we infer that the red-heiffer must be slaughtered in the presence of the Officiating Priest. | |||
VERSE | SACRIFICE | TEXT OF VERSE | |
Lv01-05 | Up | Slaughter Before God | |
Lv01-11 | Up | Slaughter Before God | |
Lv03-08 | Peace | Slaughter Before Temple | |
Lv03-13 | Peace | Slaughter Before Temple | |
Lv04-04 | Sin | Slaughter Before God | |
Lv04-15 | Sin | Slaughter Before God | |
Lv04-24 | Sin | Slaughter Before God | |
Nu19-03 | Red Heiffer | Slaughter Before Priest | |
Differs | *1 | ||
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*1 We know from 2Chr30-17 that a non-Priest may slaughter (Most sacrificial procedures must be done by a Priest). From the above list we however learn, that in the red heiffer, the non-Priest slaughtering the animal must do it in the presence of the Officiating Priest |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Nu20-03a
RASHIS COVERED: Nu20-03a Nu20-03b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 6 major goals is to explain meaning the same way a dictionary explains meaning. In this posting Rashi explains the meaning of the Hebrew word Lamed-Vuv---LOO. Rashi explains that it is sort of an interjection expressing a WISH -- IF ONLY SUCH AND SUCH WOULD HAVE HAPPENED (That would be better then what is presently happening). The word occurs very rarely(and hence Rashi explains it) | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | WORD MEANINGS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | INFERRING MEANING BY VERSE | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST812a | |
Verses with | the word Lamed-Vuv-LOO |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
The list of all verses with the Hebrew word Lamed-Vuv--LOO which means IF ONLY THIS COULD HAVE BEEN. In the footnotes we show how the WISHED FOR item is better than what actually happened | ||
VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE- Hebrew Lamed-Vuv TRANSLATED AS if we could have | |
Jos07-07 | And if only WE COULD HAVE not passed Jordan *1 | |
Nu20-03a | And if only WE COULD HAVE died in the pestilence death *2 | |
2Sm18-12 | if ONLY I COULD HAVE a 1000 dollars I still wouldnt kill *3 | |
Ecc04-10 | But if this HAD NOT BEEN then... *4 | |
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*1 Joshua says it would have been better to be in the wilderness then to suffer defeat at the hands of the Canaanites *2 (Rashi) Dying from PESTILENCE is preferable to dying from THIRST (The context of the verse is a complaint by the Jews for lack of water) *3 Losing a 1000 dollars is preferable to being found guilty of killing the Kings son (The context is the pursuit of Abshalom, King Davids son, who rebelled against the King) The person finding Abshalom had refused to kill him *4 This is not really the Hebrew word Lamed-Vuv but rather a sister conjugation: Aleph-Yud-Lamed-Vuv. But since it has a similar meaning we bring it in this list. |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Nu20-03c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain grammar. In this posting Rashi explains the difference between a STATE and ACTION form. - The OH-AH (Cholam-patach) form indicates ACTION --if only we had died WHEN THE OTHERS HAD DIED - THe AH (Patach) form indicates a STATE --if onlywe had died in the PLAGUE of the others There doesnt seem to be much difference between IN THE PLAGUE and WHEN THEY DIED. But by examining the list below we see a consistent rule. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | GRAMMAR | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | INFERRING MEANING BY VERSE | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST050d | |
Verses with | NOUN vs VERB form |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||||
List of verses with the Hebrew letter BETH followed by a 3 letter root. There are 2 cases -- VERB FORM: If the 3 letter root is punctuated with cholam-patach then the letter BETH means WHEN and the whole phrase means WHEN SUCH AND SUCH AN ACTIVITY HAPPENED -- NOUN FORM: If the 3 letter root ends with a PATACH then the letter BETH means DURING and the whole phrase means DURING THE ..... | ||||
VERSE | V-N? | HEBREW | English Translation of Verse | |
Nu04-05 | VERB | Bin-SO-a | Aaron & sons came WHEN they TRAVELLED | |
Ex16-08 | VERB | Bish-MO-a | WHEN God HEARS your complains | |
------- | ---- | --------- | ------------------------------------- | |
Gn29-13 | NOUN | SHAY-ma | When he heard the NAME of Jacob *1 | |
Pr12-03 | NOUN | Be-RE-Sha | One cannot found oneself on EVIL *1 | |
Is54-07 | NOUN | Be-RE-Ga | During only 1 SECOND I deserted you*1 | |
Nu20-03c | NOUN | Big-VAH | If only we had died in the PLAGUE *1 | |
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*1 Close analysis shows that BETH here can mean - DURING - WHEN - IN - ON |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#