Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2003 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 19 Number 22 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h19n22.htm ----------------------------------- Produced Nov 7th, 2003 WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
Whats new and hot in this issue? | ||
ITEM | WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE | |
QUESTION | KIM EGGER--How do you use the Rashi website | |
QUESTIONS | Finally getting one question per issue*1 | |
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*1 Keep the questions coming in. If you want anonymity just ask. This is an email list. You are suppose to ask. |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ======================================== | |
Gn29-17b | WORD MEANINGS | TOAR=Figure; MAREH=looks; PTL=wrestled | |
Gn29-17c | WORD MEANINGS | TOAR=Figure; MAREH=looks; PTL=wrestled | |
Gn30-08a | WORD MEANINGS | TOAR=Figure; MAREH=looks; PTL=wrestled | |
Gn29-11a | OTHER VERSES | Jacob cried in happiness;few years=7 yrs | |
Gn29-18a | OTHER VERSES | Jacob cried in happiness;few years=7 yrs | |
Gn30-06a | OTHER VERSES | Rachel a)mistreated Jacob b)They made up | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: v110703a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
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ITEM | DETAIL | |
From | Kim Egger KEgger@Starband.net | |
Date | Wed, 22 Oct 2003 02:54:02 -0400 (EDT) | |
Subject | How to Use the Rashi website | |
To | rjhendel@juno.com | |
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QUESTION -------- Dear Dr. Hendel, Shalom, I hope that you are well. I really like the website. It is awesome. I have a comment and a question. My comment is I was surprised and then not so surprised to find out that you are a math professor. I couldn't get through algebra, but I aced Stats. My question. I bought the Saperstein Rashi texts from Artscroll. I am enjoying them enormously. But I still am unsure how to go about using your website to really learn Rashi. I think that the workbook plan is great, but I think that I need the "dummies" guide to get started. I have 40+ years of learning to catch-up on. Any direction you can give me will be appreciated. Regards, Kim | ||
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*10 ANSWER ------ Kim Hi. Thank you for your warm email. My response is below. HOW DO YOU BEST USE THE RASHI WEBSITE ------------------------------------- a) THE RASHIYOMI MAIN MENU ----------------------- Go to the main page http://www.RashiYomi.com/ b) THE 6 RASHI RULES ----------------- Click on the 6 RASHI RULES link at the top of the page. Download/read this essay. It will give you a good OVERVIEW of the rashi rules. I hope to write a new version soon. The 6 pg format allows a combination of brevity and comprehensiveness. c) THE WORKBOOK ------------ Click on the WORKBOOK link at the top of the page. You neednt read this thoroughly but you should read this in enough detail to understand the different rules. d) ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF RASHI ----------------------------- Buying any good English translation of Rashi is good. My favorite is the Rabbi Sharfman linear Translation (the 5 blue-book series). e) THE BY PARSHAH PAGE ------------------- Let us say you want to supplemnt what you read: Then click on the RASHIS-BY-PARSHAH link at the top Click on any Parshah.Click on the VERSE you want. There are links at the bottom that will give you more insights. f) CALENDAR LINK ------------- You can also click on the CALENDAR link at the top of the page. You can read special topics by using the pulldown. I think this should get you started. If you want to browse past issues visit http://www.rashiyomi.com/ris.htm PDF versions of recent issues will soon be on the web. Finally if you have any questions dont hesitate to ask Let me know how things work out. Russell Jay Hendel; http://www.Rashiyomi.com/ |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Gn29-17b
RASHIS COVERED: Gn29-17b Gn29-17c Gn30-08a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- A primary task of Rashi is to explain meaning the same way the dictionary explains meaning. Rashi had a variety of vehicles to explain meaning. EXAMPLE ------- TOAR means GOOD FIGURE; MAREH means GOOD LOOKING. Here, Rashi uses the method of SYNONYMS--Rashi explains subtle differences between words whose basic meanings are the same. EXAMPLE ------- The Hebrew root P-T-L can refer to (a) cords,(b) crooked paths (c) woven sweaters (d) fools. Rashi and Radack use the method of UNIFIED MEANINGS: The underlying theme is one of CROOKEDNESS Hence we have TWISTED cords, WOVEN sweaters, CROOKED paths and TWISTED minds. Applying this to Gn30-08a we see that Rachel states: I AM WRESTLING WITH MY SISTER FOR LOVE OF MY HUSBAND. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | WORD MEANINGS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | SYNONYMS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST955a | |
List of Word pairs | belonging to the same class(oven:stove) | |
----------------------- | ----------------------------------- | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | UNIFIED MEANING | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST862k | |
List of meanings of root | P-T-L = TWISTED/CROOKED |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
List of meanings of root P-T-L = TWISTED/CROOKED | |||
VERSE | MEANING | RELATIONSHIP TO TWISTED/CROOKED | |
Ex39-31 | Cord | TWISTED cord | |
Gn38-18 | Sweater | WOVEN sweater (Threads all TANGLED) | |
Pr08-08 | Fools | TWISTED minds | |
Dt32-05 | Wicked | TWISTED generation | |
Gn30-08a | Wrestled | Fighting in a TWISTED position*1 | |
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*1 So the simple meaning of Gn29-17b according to Rashi is ----------------------------------------------------- God has helped me (Rachel) WRESTLE with my sister(Leah) for the love of my husband ----------------------------------------------------- This refers to the continuous fighting--described in Gn30 -- to have THE SHARE of children |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||||
List of Biblical word pairs which belong to the same class but differ in some nuance (eg SPILL-OOZE) | ||||
VERSE | WORD | BASIC IDEA | NUANCES | |
Gn29-17b | TOAR | Good looks | Good FIGURE | |
Gn29-17c | MAREH | Good looks | Good LOOKS | |
Lv15-03a | R-R | To SPILL | To OOZE out*1 | |
Lv14-41a | YQTzA | To CUT | To SANDPAPER*2 | |
Lv11-35a | KIRaIM | STOVES | OVEN*3 | |
Lv02-05a | MChVT | Pots | FRYING-PAN:Pot*4 | |
Lv02-07a | MRChST | Pots | FRYING-PAN:Pot*4 | |
Lv13-02a | SAYTH | White | SNOW-WHITE:CLOUD-WHITE*5 | |
Lv13-02b | BHRT | White | SNOW-WHITE:CLOUD-WHITE*5 | |
Dt24-06a | RChIM | Grindstone | Bottom Grindstone:Top Grindstone*6 | |
Dt24-06b | RCV | Grindstone | Bottom Grindstone:Top Grindstone*6 | |
Ex31-18a | KIYOR | BASIN | Vat:Sprinkler*7 | |
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*1 This root occurs very infrequently We have - Lv15-03a oozing (RR) of sexual secretions - 1S21-14 (Spittle) - Jb06-06(Oozing of plants or spittle) *2 Thus YQTziA doesnt just refer to ANY CUTTING but rather to SANDPAPERING. Hence this root can also refer to CORNERS and EDGES (which get their distinctness from being SANDPAPERED) *3 I used an English analogy. Actually TNUR vs CIRaYIM seem to refer to a ONE-burner vs a TWO-Burner hot plate. I am not actually sure on all details*10 *4 Both of these are pots. One is shallow--the type used for frying. The other is deep--the type used for rich cooking*10 *5 These are two shades of white. I dont know if analogies exist in English (CLOUD-WHITE or SNOW-WHITE vs MARBLE WHITE)*10 *6 I dont believe English has technical terms for the TOP vs the Bottom grindstone*10 *7 Again there are no English words. The Kaph-Vuv-Resh refers to a VAT that can hold about 200 Gallons By contrast the Kaph-Yud-Vuv-Resh refers to a hugh TANK of water with faucet holes. This TANK was used to wash hands and legs in the temple (The water sprinkled out of the holes and washed the person) | ||||
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*10 I believe Rashis basic thrust in all these verses is explaining items that are ALMOST similar in meaning but have some subtle nuance (Like STOVE OVEN). However Rashi goes further and gives etymologies of some of these words eg - SeAyTh = CLOUD WHITE (From NaSiH=cloud) - MaChaVath= FRYING PAN (Has a rim that HIDES(Cheth-Bet) - MaRCheSeth= Deep Cooking Pan(food BUBBLES (RaChSh)) - RCV=Top Grindstone that RIDES(RCV) on the other grindstone There are more etymologies; some of these have been discussed elsewhere. I believe these are the basic ones. |
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Gn30-06a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINT SUMMARY --------------- Rashi frequently produces commentary on verses from material in OTHER VERSES. EXAMPLE ------- In Gn30-06a Rachel states that God JUDGED her and hence she called the name of her son JUDGED. Rashi illuminates the meaning of this verse by citing several other verses - Gn29-25 shows that Rachel double crossed Jacob sexually - Gn30-01 shows Rachel punished--her double cross prevented her from having children - Gn30-02 shows latent anger by Jacob towards Rachel - Gn30-06 shows Rachel finally having (surrogate)children Hence the RASHI: She was Judged, found guilty, and finally acquited (We see all aspects of Justice in her case!) | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | OTHER VERSES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | MULTIPLE PROOFS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #6 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST260c | |
List of verses showing | Rachel mistreated Jacob;they made up |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
List of verses showing Rachel mistreated Jacob;they made up Gn30-06a, GOD JUDGED ME, is illuminated by MULTIPLE VERSES which shows that Rachel went thru all aspects of the JUDGEMNT process -- sin, punishment, anger, and acquital | ||
VERSE | VERSE Shows... | |
Gn29-25 | Rachel double crossed Jacob sexually(Switched wives) | |
Gn30-01 | Rachel punished--double-cross prevents having childrn | |
Gn30-02 | latent anger by Jacob towards Rachel | |
Gn30-06 | Rachel finally having (surrogate)children |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Gn29-11a
RASHIS COVERED: Gn29-11a Gn29-18a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Rashi frequently illumines the meaning of one verse with details from an OTHER VERSE. EXAMPLE ------- Gn29-11a states Jacob cried when he met Rachel. But an OTHER VERSE, Gn29-10, states that Jacob moved a heavy stone that normally several people have to move, because he was in love. So Rashi interprets Gn29-11a and Gn29-10 together--Jacob cried out of happiness(hence, love & cry) EXAMPLE ------- In Gn27-44 Rachel tells Jacob to stay away from Esauv for a few DAYS. But Gn29-18 states that Jacob stayed away 7 years. Thus it is reasonable to interpret Gn27-44 as meaning that Rachel tells Jacob to stay away from Esauv for a few YEARS. Gn29-20 echoes this interpretation that DAYS means YEARS. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | OTHER VERSES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | FURTHER DETAILS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #1 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST210a | |
List of verse pairs with | one verse illuminating an other |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||||
We present a list of verses where further details of the verse are presented from other verses. The classical example is the Passover Hagaddah example: The verse Dt26-05d, ONLY A FEW JEWS WENT DOWN TO EGYPT, is illumined by Gn46-27 which states that 70 PEOPLE WENT DOWN TO EGYPT. Thus the technique of OTHER VERSES teaches us that A FEW JEWS(Dt26-05d) means 70(Gn46-27) | ||||
VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE | OTHER VRSE | DETAILS | |
Gn29-11a | Jacob cried | Gn29-10*13 | Cried in happiness | |
Gn29-18a | Work 7 years for Rachel | Gn27-44 | Stay away awhile*8 | |
Gn28-22b | This willbe HOUSE OF GOD | Gn35-01:08 | altar;remove idols | |
Gn26-15a | Philistines closed wells | Ex01-10 | Prevent inflows*7 | |
Gn23-02a | Abraham CAME | Gn21-33:34 | CAME from BeerShva | |
Gn23-02b | Chevron=CITY OF 4 | Ju01-10*12 | City of 4 Giants | |
Gn23-09a | Chevron=Cave of Doubles | Gn49-29:31 | Doubles=Couples*12 | |
Gn23-15a | $400 between US?So what? | Gn23-06 | Abe distinguishd*6 | |
Gn18-04c | Guests rest under TREE | Gn21-33 | Shady fruit tree*5 | |
Dt32-12a | Gd by himself gave peace | Ju11-23*4 | Conquest=gODS act | |
Dt32-12b | No other gods with Him | 2K18-33*4 | Conquest=gODS act | |
Dt29-09b | All Jews here, TRIBES,*3 | Nu02-02 | Each Jew has tribe | |
Lv01-12a | the THANK YOU OFFERING | Ps127-01 | 4 Thank Yous | |
Lv01-05a | Slaughter Sacrifice | 2Chr30-17 | A Levite Can | |
Dt26-05d | A FEW Jews came to Egypt | Gn46-27 | 70 people came | |
Gn21-23b | I treated you NICELY | Gn20-15 | I gave you LAND | |
Dt25-13b | Dont have big STONES | Lv19-36 | Big STONE WEIGHTS | |
Gn26-05e | because ABRAHAM OBEYED | Gn22-18 | He offered Isaac | |
Nu24-07c | Jews greater than AGAG | 1S15-33*2 | AGAG,King Amalayk | |
Lv21-18a | Blemish priests no-serve | Mal01-08 | It is disgusting*1 | |
Ex13-17c | Jews afraid of war | Nu14-42 | Defeat of Jews | |
Ex17-10b | Chur | 1Ch2-18:19 | Kalevs son | |
Ex35-30a | Chur | 1Ch2-18:19 | Kalevs son | |
Ex24-14c | Chur | 1Ch2-18:19 | Kalevs son | |
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*1 Lv21-18 says - Blemished priests dont serve BECAUSE blemished - priests dont serve Mal01-08 amplifies this - Would you give a blemished animal to your governor? - Would he like it? Would he grant your favor? *2 Rashis approach to the verse is literal--Bilam was a prophet and he foresaw the defeat of Amalayk by the Jews. Therefore the next phrase in the verse-- --------------------------------------- His(Jewish) Kingdom will be higher than AGAG and his (Jewish) reign will go higher --------------------------------------- This next phrase (GO HIGHER) would refer to the Kings after Shaul--to David and Solomon who had greater Kingdoms and greater victories than Shaul*10 *3 So the point of the verse is that not only were the nation of individual Jews there but that each Jew had his/her very own tribe. Already the Patriarch Jacob laid down the modern idea that Jews must be able to live with people they are compatable with. In fact the layout of tribes given by Jacob (Gn49) and Moses (Nu02) are basically the same (See http://www.rashiyomi.com/gn50-13a.htm) Thus Rashi borrowed the idea of JEWS BY TRIBE and applied it to Dt29-09 *4 Thus we see these other verses as indicating that reference to gOD should be interpreted as CONQUEST BY gOD. Hence the verse reads --------------------------------- God by Himself gave the Jews rest There were no other gods --------------------------------- In other words the Jews did not lose battles and achieved prosperity without political alliances.*11 *5 We could also refer to Gn18-01 THE HEAT OF THE DAY Thus a requirement for guests was to have SHADY trees where they could rest. Gn21-33 describes Abrahams trees as being of the AYSHEL variety which indicates peace and tranquility (from adequate food and shade) *6 Gn23-06 states about Abraham YOU ARE A PRINCE OF GOD Gn23-10 states about Eprohn HE WAS ESTABLISHED IN THE CITY So the two verses indicate that Both Eprohn and Abraham were distinguished people. And it is normal when distinguished people bargain that they make light of large sums. *7 Here is the point: - If a land has OPEN wells then maurading troops would be attracted to go thru that land. Hence the Philistines closed the wells because of their paranoic concerns - Similarly Pharoh enslaved the Jews because they were reproducing quickly; he was paranoically worried about a takeover. In both cases the good (of wells/people) was cancelled by a paranoic concern. *8 Thus Rashi interprets Gn27-44 where Rivkah told Jacob ------------------------------------ STAY AWAY FROM ESAUV FOR A FEW DAYS ----------------------------------- to really means ---------------------------------- STAY AWAY FROM ESAUV FOR A FEW YEARS ---------------------------------- The word DAYS can also mean YEARS. Gn29-21 states -------------------------------------------------- THE 7 YEARS APPEARED IN JACOBS EYES AS A FEW YEARS -------------------------------------------------- also echoes the exact phrase used by Rivkah | ||||
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*10 It is also possible to have a poetic approach to these verses. Thus - AGAG from GAG would refer to the ROOF nations, that is, nations who think that they are self sufficient (Their own ROOF) and dont need God. The ROOF nations include AMALAYK under King AGAG They would also include the MAGOG kingdom under king GOG (See Ez38) which the Jews will defeat in Messianic times. The second phrase in the verse --------------------------------------- His(Jewish) Kingdom will be higher than AGAG and his (Jewish) reign will go higher --------------------------------------- would therefore refer to King Messiah *11 The use of words to refer to RELATED ITEMS is a literary device call SYNECHDOCHE or METONOMY *12 Actually Ju01-10 and Nu13-22 speak about the 3 children of THE GIANT. So Rashi suggests that the 3 children+ father=4 giants. Rashi however cites Gn49-29:31 showing that 3 couples were buried in Chevron (Abe-Sarah, Isaac-Rivkah,Jacob-Leah) Rashi conjectures (reasonably) that Adam-Chava were also buried there making the total 4. How are we to take this second explanation of Rashi? After all isnt the explicit reference to the 4 giants sufficient? It would appear to me that the simplest explanation is that - The cities name was Chevron - It was known for the 4 giants and was nicknamed DURING THEIR LIFETIME as the CITY OF 4 - However (and this is Rashis point) there would be no need to retain the name of CITY OF 4 after their death - The fact that 4 important couples were buried there facilitated keeping the name CITY OF 4 In summary - CITY OF 4 was a sort of joke nickname because of 4 giants - but the name CITY OF 4 LATER became an important name because of the 4 couples Additional support to this explanation is that the city is also called the CAVE OF DOUBLES (referring to the couples buried there). *13 Rashi-is-Simple: One verse says Jacob lifted a rock that normally takes several people to lift--he did this out of love for Rachel. If the next verse says HE CRIED this must be CRYING OUT OF HAPPINESS You can ask--But does Rashi state that? Does not Rashi state ------------------------------------------ He cried because his fathers servant came with 10 camel-loads of goods whereas he, his fathers son, came empty handed ------------------------------------------ I think however, that a literal reading of this Rashi is shallow. It makes the Rashi too narrow. One cannot avoid the NATURAL observation that --------------------------- Jacob cried out of happiness --------------------------- What Rashi adds is WHY anyone cries out of happiness ----------------------------------------- People cry out of happiness when that happiness is sudden. The happy person is then apprehensive that the happiness may be transient and lost--hence they cry because of these doubts...so for example when Jacob unexpectedly met Rachel he was overjoyed that he found such a woman...but then he must have had doubts since he was empty handed and without a job...thus his apprehension plus joy led him to cry in happiness ----------------------------------------- Such a reading of Rashi is broad and deep. Rashi is ONLY GIVING ONE EXAMPLE of why Jacob cried out of happiness. Undoubtedly there were other reasons (eg Maybe Esauv would find him here). I think this is the proper and mature way to read Rashi |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#