Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2003 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 19 Number 6 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h19n6.htm ----------------------------------- Produced Sep 4th, 2003 WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
Whats new and hot in this issue? | ||
ITEM | WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE | |
PEACHY RASHI | Unsolved Rashi problm explained by Paragraphing | |
STRUCTURE | Rashis on PARAGRAPH Structure are presented | |
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*1 This is a peach of a Rashi and a must for those who wish to understand what methods this email list has contributed Rashi on Dt26-16b states ------------------------------------------- If you observe the first fruit laws this year I will bless you with first fruits next year. ------------------------------------------- The traditional Rashi commentators find it difficult to explain Rashi. The traditional Rashi commentators were basically using methods of PROBLEM, ANOMALY, EXTRA WORDS and GRAMMAR. However by using methods of STYLE and BULLETING we easily show Rashis reason. |
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(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ======================================= | |
Dt26-16b | BULLETS | TODAY:a)Help poor GENERAL c)God Blesses | |
Dt26-04c | BULLETS | Paragraph structure:Danger-Saved-Happy | |
Dt26-09a | BULLETS | Paragraph structure:Danger-Saved-Happy | |
Dt26-09b | BULLETS | Paragraph structure:Danger-Saved-Happy | |
Dt28-04b | WORD MEANINGS | ASTR = Makes Rows of Cattle | |
Dt07-13b | WORD MEANINGS | ASTR = Makes Rows of Cattle | |
Dt26-02c | WORD MEANINGS | SYNECDOCHE:Honey=SWEET;Bread=FOOD etc | |
Lv02-11a | WORD MEANINGS | SYNECDOCHE:Honey=SWEET;Bread=FOOD etc | |
Ex34-26a | WORD MEANINGS | SYNECDOCHE:Honey=SWEET;Bread=FOOD etc | |
Ex16-31b | WORD MEANINGS | SYNECDOCHE:Honey=SWEET;Bread=FOOD etc | |
Ex13-05c | WORD MEANINGS | SYNECDOCHE:Honey=SWEET;Bread=FOOD etc | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
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VERSE: Dt26-16b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- The traditional approach to Rashi emphasizes - word meaning - grammar - dealing with problems and anomalies such as extra words. In this list we have also advocated skillful use of style. For example we suggest that repeated keywords indicate the modern equivalant of a BULLETING EFFECT EXAMPLE - Paragraph Dt16-16:19 ------- - TODAY - Observe the laws of gifts to poor - TODAY - Observe Gods laws - TODAY - God will make you precious - ----- - God will give you national leadership Note the powerful BULLETING effect of using the KEYWORD TODAY 3 times but omitting it the 4th. Hence Rashi is Simple -------------------------------------------------------- if TODAY you observe laws of charity to poor then TOMORROW I will bless you with food and leadeership -------------------------------------------------------- Further support for this explanation is obtained thru another Biblical paragraph which has almost the exact same wording and themes. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | BULLETS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | KEYWORDS AS BULLETS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #26 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST106h | |
BULLETED structure of | Dt26-16:19 | |
------------------------ | --------------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST106i | |
PARALLEL STRUCTURE of | Dt26-16:19 and Dt14-28 to Dt15-06 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
Bulleted structure of Dt26-16:19 For further details consult LIST106i | |||
VERSE | THIS DAY | Text of Verse-- Event happening THIS DAY | |
Dt26-16 | THIS DAY | God commands laws of Gifts to poor*1 | |
Dt26-17 | THIS DAY | God commands us all laws | |
Dt26-18 | THIS DAY | God makes you a precious nation | |
Dt26-19 | ---*2--- | You will be a leader among nations | |
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*1 Rashi just mentions the LAWS OF FIRST FRUITS But it seems reasonable to include ALL the previous paragraphs which discuss LAWS OF FIRST FRUITS and LAWS OF TITHES TO THE LEVITE & POOR Further support for this emendation of Rashi may be obtained by the parallel structure of a sister paragraph (LIST106i) where Gods blessings are also promised as a response to Charity. *2 Note how the repeated keyword THIS DAY is absent in Dt26-19 but present in the other verses. This absence suggests the contrast given by Rashi: ----------------------------------- TODAY OBSERVE,NEXT YEAR GOD BLESSES ----------------------------------- |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
We show a parallel structure between two Biblical paragraphs: Dt26-16:19 vs Dt14-28 thru Dt15-06. This parallel structure supports the thesis presented in LIST106h that God is promising Blessings in future years if people observe the Charity laws now | |||
Theme | Dt26 | Dt15 | |
Gifts to levite,stranger and poor | Dt26-16 | Dt14-28:29 *1 | |
Committment to observe Gods law | Dt26-17 | Dt15-05 *2 | |
Gods committment to us | Dt26-18 | Dt15-04 *2 | |
Blessing of National Leadership | Dt26-19 | Dt15-06 | |
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*1 Also include Dt15-01:03 *2 Note the reversal of order |
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VERSE: Dt28-04b
RASHIS COVERED: Dt28-04b Dt07-13b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain word meanings the same way dictionaries explain word meanings. In explaining the meaning of roots Rashi very often used a one-letter and two-letter root theory. As I have explained numerous times Rashi DID believe in the Grammatical theory of 3 letter roots as we know them today. However Rashi held that this was a theory of ROOT CONJUGATION. Rashi additionally believed that totally different sets of roots governed ROOT MEANING (vs ROOT CONJUGATION) In summary, ROOT MEANING is governed by 2 letter roots while ROOT CONJUGATION is governed by 3 letter roots EXAMPLE ------- Ayin-Shin-Tauv-Resh refers to wealth in ones herds. Its etymology seems to come from the two roots - Ayin-Shin = To create/produce/make - Tauv-Resh = Rows That is a ASTROTH is a rancher who PRODUCES/MAINTAINS ROWS (OF CATTLE) | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | WORD MEANINGS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | 2-4 LETTER ROOTS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
------------------------ | -------------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST910b | |
List of roots | With 4 letters (2 sets of 2) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||||
List of 4 Letter roots in Rashi and their meanings. The meaning of the list should be clear (eg Gn49-12a contains the word CChLiLi which means DRUNKEN. The concept of DRUNKENNESS is clearly related to SWIRLING (LL) from the PALATE (CCh) activities. Other rows are interpreted similarly.) | |||||
VERSE | HEBREW | MEANS | 1st ROOT | 2nd ROOT | |
Dt07-13b | ASHTAROTH | Wealthy | Makes(AS) | Rows(TR) (of Cattle) | |
Dt28-04b | ASHTAROTH | Wealthy | Makes(AS) | Rows(TR) (of Cattle) | |
Gn49-12a | C Ch L L | Drunken | Swirling (LL) | From Palate(ChC) | |
Ex25-04b | Ar G MN | Purple | Woven(ARg) | For Appointed people(MN) | |
Gn41-45a | T Zv N Th | Wise | Brings out(POA) | the hidden (TzFn) | |
Lv16-08b | A Za Zel | Cliff | Going off (AZL) | to Hard Ground(AZ) | |
Lv14-37a | S-K-A-R | Infectd | Sunken(SKA) | Arousing(Bright)(AR) |
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VERSE: Dt26-02c
RASHIS COVERED: Dt26-02c Lv02-11a Ex34-26a Ex16-31b Ex13-05c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain the meaning of words the same way the dictionary explains meaning. Rashi had a variety of vehicles to explain meaning. One general method of presenting meaning is SYNECDOCHE in which the part can refer to the whole (or the whole to the part). We can equivalantly think of SYNECDOCHE as the method of naming things by GOOD EXAMPLES EXAMPLES OF SYNECDOCHE ---------------------- - HONEY means anything SWEET - BREAD means any FOOD - LAMB means any DOCILE YOUNG creature (LAMB,GOAT) - LAND FLOWING WITH MILK OF HONEY means - PRODUCE OF LAND FLOWS WITH MILK AND HONEY - (GOATS of land produce milk; etc) Note how in each of the above examples the PART or EXAMPLE (honey, bread, lamb,Israeli goats) comes to refer to the WHOLE (honey-SWEET, bread-FOOD, lamb-DOCILE, Israeli-goats--LAND OF ISRAEL). This is called SYNECDOCHE. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | WORD MEANINGS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | 8 METHODS OF NAMING | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST817a | |
List of words | Named by GOOD EXAMPLE |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||||
Words / Meanings illustrating the GOOD EXAMPLE technique. Thus BREAD refers to BREAD. But because BREAD is a GOOD EXAMPLE of a food, therefore BREAD can refer to ANY FOOD. (The technical term for this is SYNECDOCHE which means the PART (BREAD) names the WHOLE (all foods)) | ||||
# | WORD | STRICT | BROAD MEANING | |
(101) | Day | 12 hour | 24 hour period | |
(102) | Bread | Bread | Any Food | |
(103) | Man (ISH) | Male | Any person | |
(104) | E-L-H-I-M | God | Any Judge | |
(105) | IN | IN | AMONG | |
Ex12-05c | Land | The Land | Inhabitants of land*1 | |
Ex13-05c | Lamb | Lamb | Lamb or Goats*2 | |
Dt18-10d | SNAKE | SNAKE | Jumping to conclusions*3 | |
Dt26-02c | Honey | Honey | Any Fruit Juice*4 | |
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*1 So the famous phrase ------------------------------------------ A LAND flowing with milk and sweet juices ------------------------------------------ really means ------------------------------------------ A LAND WHOSE INHABITANTS (Goats for milk and Fruit trees for sweet juices) flows with milk and honey ------------------------------------------ *2 Rashi brings support for his contention that LAMB can SYNECDOCHICALLY mean any docile young creature (the same way BREAD means FOOD etc) See Dt14-04 -- A GOAT-LAMB *3 See LIST817b*10 for examples. For the while we point out that because of the snakes characteristic motion (JUMPING out at a prey),the phrase TO SNAKE came to mean TO JUMP TO CONCLUSIONS (Just as in the English Metaphor). Hence the Rabbis interpret the prohibition of SNAKING as a prohibition of JUMPING TO CONCLUSIONS (eg a Snake crossed my path hence I will have bad luck) *4 For other Rashis dealing with the HONEY-SWEET equation see Lv02-11a Ex34-26a Ex16-31b Ex13-05c Note how Rashi differs in his explanations. Rashi states both - HONEY refers to ANY SWEET FRUIT - HONEY refers to FRUIT JUICE OF the TAMAR fruit | ||||
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*10 LIST817b may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h19n5.htm |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt26-04c
RASHIS COVERED: Dt26-04c Dt26-09a Dt26-09b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Rashi sometimes comments on the OVERALL STRUCTURE of a paragraph. That is each word and sentence may be understood but the paragraph as a whole still needs clarification EXAMPLE - Paragraph Dt26-04:11 ------- - THE BAD THINGS: Laban and Egypt - THE GOOD THINGS: God took us out - FURTHER GOOD THINGS: God gave us Temple and Land - CONCLUSION: We can now rejoice All Rashi did was present the above outline - Rashi Dt26-04c points out how LABAN and EGYPT are two bad themes - Rashi Dt26-09a and Dt26-09b points out how TEMPLE and Israel are two further stages in the Exodus | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | BULLETS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #26 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST106g | |
BULLET STRUCTURE of | Dt22-02 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
The overall paragraph structure of Dt26-04:11 Note the 3 main themes: BAD THINGS, GOOD THINGS,SATISFIED Each main theme is further developed as shown | |||
Main Theme | Development | Relation to Main Theme | |
The Bad Things | Laban | Hated Jacob*1 | |
------------- | Egypt | Slavery and torture*1 | |
The Good things | Exodus | From Egypt*2 | |
------------- | Temple | No spiritual impurity*2 | |
------------- | Israel | No dependency on others*2 | |
------------- | Good food | Blessings*2 | |
Satisfaction | Help others | ||
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*1 Conceptually LABAN and EGYPT are 2 equal points of development. But the LABAN theme took up 3 words while the EGYPTIAN theme took up about 2 dozen words Hence Rashi had to point out that they were 2 equal themes *2 Rashi (Dt26-09a Dt26-09b) interprets the phrase -------------------------- God brought us to THIS PLACE -------------------------- as referring to the TEMPLE This derivation does NOT come from the words. Indeed the words could refer to coming to Israel Rather the derivation comes from OVERALL PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE which REQUIRES a DEVELOPMENTAL atmosphere Hence the proper understanding of Rashi requires amending his explanation to include all steps - Exodus - Temple=Holiness=No impurity=leaving Egypt - Israel - Food Blessing |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#