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               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 19 Number 9
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
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               http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h19n9.htm
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                    Produced Sep 17th, 2003

       WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

Whats new and hot in this issue?
ITEM WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE
METALEPSIS Double metaphors like SMOKING ANGER
COMMENTS
*1 METALEPSIS is a fancy term for meaning by RELATIONSHIP

-------------------------------------------------
For example:anger is RELATED to getting HEATED
HEAT is related to SMOKE

Hence a SMOKING anger indicates an INTENSE anger.
------------------------------------------------

------------------------------------------------
Another example of METALEPSIS might be Gn19-08
-- For these people came in the SHADOW of my ROOF

Here roof is RELATED to house
House in turn is RELATED to security

Thus the verse thru this METALEPSIS
indicates that these people came here to get security
from the night.
------------------------------------------------
See below for further examples
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== ========================================
Dt29-19b WORD MEANINGS K-N-A means POSSESSIVE;SRR=SCAN/VISION
Dt32-16a WORD MEANINGS K-N-A means POSSESSIVE;SRR=SCAN/VISION
Dt32-21a WORD MEANINGS K-N-A means POSSESSIVE;SRR=SCAN/VISION
Ex20-05a WORD MEANINGS K-N-A means POSSESSIVE;SRR=SCAN/VISION
Ex34-14a WORD MEANINGS K-N-A means POSSESSIVE;SRR=SCAN/VISION
Nu05-14b WORD MEANINGS K-N-A means POSSESSIVE;SRR=SCAN/VISION
Nu11-29b WORD MEANINGS K-N-A means POSSESSIVE;SRR=SCAN/VISION
Nu25-11b WORD MEANINGS K-N-A means POSSESSIVE;SRR=SCAN/VISION
Dt04-24a WORD MEANINGS K-N-A means POSSESSIVE;SRR=SCAN/VISION
Dt29-18c WORD MEANINGS K-N-A means POSSESSIVE;SRR=SCAN/VISION
Dt29-17d WORD MEANINGS Wild weeds,fantasys of heart,anger smoke
Dt29-19a WORD MEANINGS Wild weeds,fantasys of heart,anger smoke
Dt29-09b OTHER TRIBES Each Jew/Tribe belonged to one spot
Dt29-16c ALIGNMENT Non Jews worry about theft of their gods
--------- ---------------- -----------------------------------
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
VERSE: Dt29-19b
RASHIS COVERED: Dt29-19b Dt32-16a Dt32-21a Ex20-05a Ex34-14a
Nu05-14b Nu11-29b Nu25-11b Dt04-24a Dt29-18c
Dt29-17d Dt29-19a
Dt29-19b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Rashi frequently explains meaning by providing
a UNIFIED MEANING or UNDERLYING THEME to disparate
meanings of one root

EXAMPLE Kuph Nun Hey
--------------------
The Biblical root Kuph-Nun-Hey means
- TO STAND FIRM ON ONES RIGHTS
- NOT TO OVERLOOK ONES RIGHTS
- TO BE POSSESSIVE
This theme unifies such disparate meanings as REVENGE
and BEING FIRM. See the list below for examples

EXAMPLE Shin Resh
-----------------
The root Shin-Vuv-Resh is normally translated as
TO SEE. But closer analysis shows it means
- LONG RANGE SCANNING/ OVERVIEWING/ BIRDS EYE VIEW
Hence it can also refer to POETIC VISIONS or
FANTASIES.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS UNIFIED MEANING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST862c
List of verses with Root Kuph-Nun-Hey(Possessive)
------------------------ --------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST862d
List of verses with Root Shin-Resh(Vision/Scan)
------------------------ --------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST814a
List of word pairs with Verb and Verb-Form meaning
LIST862c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


List of verses with root Nun-Kuph-Hey. The unifiying
meaning is
- to stand firm on ones rights
- not overlook ones rights
- to be possessive
VEDRSE HOW ROOT kuph-nun-hey IS USED
Nu05-14b Husband doesNT OVERLOOK wifes seclusion with men
Nu11-29b Joshua doesNT OVERLOOK Moses honor*2 *10
------ ---------------------------------------------
Dt29-19b God will punish, NOT OVERLOOK, idolatry sins*10
Dt32-16a They sinned and CAUSED ME to NOT OVERLOOK sins*1
Dt32-21a They sinned and CAUSED ME to NOT OVERLOOK sins*1
Ex20-05a God STANDS FIRM on His Honor (no idolatry)
Ex34-14a God STANDS FIRM on his Honor (no idolatry)
Nu25-11b Pinchas killed idolater-stood FIRM on Gods honor
Dt04-24a God AFFIRMS HIS HONOR--does not overlook sins
COMMENTS
*1 Kuph-Nun-Hey occurs here in the causative mode---the
Jews CAUSED GOD TO BE POSSESSIVE

*2 So Moses response to Joshua is understood as follows:
-----------------------------------------
These people say (prophetically) that I will
die.

You should  therefore leave them alone as
my honor is enhanced by encouraging prophecy
(even if it is bad for me)
------------------------------------------

--------------------- LONGER  FOOTNOTES -----------------

*10 The actual texts of Rashi are interesting.
Rashi states different definitions in different
Rashis. One has to literally read all 8 Rashis/Verses
to get a comprehensive view that Kuph-Nun-Hey
means EITHER
- to stand firm on ones rights
- to not overlook ones rights
- to be possessive
See http://www.Rashiyomi.com/nu05-14b.htm for
a fuller discussion.

After reading the above verses one sees that
Kuph-Nun-Hey can refer to violent affirmation
of rights (REVENGE) but need not necessarily do so
LISt862d
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

List of verses from root SHIN-VUV-RESH*10
The unifying theme is one of
- SCANNING
- obtaining a BIRDS EYE VIEW
Below we show in each case how each particular
root relates to this general theme.
ROOT MEANING RELATION TO SCANNING VERSE
Shin Vuv Resh SCANNING Birds eye-viewing*1 Nu24-17
Shin Vuv resh SONG/POEM A vision/scan of the future*2 Ex15-01
Shin Vuv Resh WALL Place of SCANNING for enemy*3 Gn49-22
Shin Vuv Resh Ox*4 You SCAN the field with the ox Lv17-03
Shin Res Resh Fantasy Long term visions/desires*5 *10 Dt29-18c
COMMENTS
*1 e.g Nu24-17(Bilam gives BIRDS EYEVIEW of Jews future
Songs04-08 (The lover SCANS from the hilltop)*10

*2 E.g. Ex15-01 the SONG of Moses and Israel*10 or
Ju05-01 The SONG of Deborah
Here we translate SONG as VISION

*3 Radack says the proper translation is FORTRESS WALL
Some examples are
Gn49-06 Simon and Levi destroyed the FORTRESS WALL of Schem
Gn49-22 Girls SCAN the wall to look at Josephs beauty

*4 Technically speaking  the OX does not SCAN
Rather the ox PLOUGHS the field and
PLOUGHING has the same FORM as SCANNING
(Just one is done with vision and one with
a plow).

Thus this example--OX-PLOUGH-SCAN
--would belong with our list of items named
by their FORM (Other examples of naming by
the FORM OF AN ACTIVITY are
brainSTORMING, SURFing the net etc)

See LIST814a for further examples of NAMING BY FORM

*5 We can see here the unifying aspect. Any of the
following translations would seem to fit
- I will go according to the FANTASIES of my heart
- I will go according to my POETIC VISION
- I will go according to my BIRDS EYEVIEW of my FUTURE

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 We have followed RADACK, BOOK OF ROOTS in
identifying the roots of these words. Radack
himself notes that the proper classification
of the SHIN-RESH-RESH verb may be SHIN-VUV-RESH
LIST814a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

Words named by FORM OF ACTIVITY. For example, a STORM refers
to ALOT of drops. By analogy a BRAINSTORM refers to a ALOT
of thoughts
WORD MEANS FROM MEANING
BrainSTORM ALOT of Thought droplets STORM ALOT of drops
SURF The web BUMPY lookups SURF BUMPY journey
LOUD Dress ALOT of noticability LOUD ALOT of noise
DOUGHED leg SWOLLEN leg DOUGH TO RAISE DOUGH*1
FLY Flying thru air Fly The housefly*1
OX(SR) Animal that PLOUGHS field SCAN SCAN=PLOUGH*2
COMMENTS
*1 There are two steps here
- DOUGH (the object) refers to DOUGH RISING (Verb)
- DOUGH RISING refers to ANY SWELLING

Similarly
- FLY (Housefly) refers to FLIGHT OF HOUSEFLY(Verb)
- HOUSEFLY FLIGHT refers to ANY TYPE OF FLYING

In each case the original narrow meaning (housefly flight,
rising dough) refers to the general activity form.
See LIST050d for further details.

*2 That is the visual form of SCANNING is identical to
the physical form of PLOUGHING(See LIST862d for
more information on the root Shin-Vuv-Resh)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt29-17d
RASHIS COVERED: Dt29-17d Dt29-19a
Dt29-17d
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals*10 is the explanation of
meaning. In explaining meaning Rashi had a variety of
literary vehicles.

EXAMPLE - Dt29-19a DOUBLE METONOMY- METALEPSIS
------------------------------------------
METONOMY and METALEPSIS are literary techniques
whereby a word can ALSO mean something RELATED
to that word.


Thus SMOKING is related to HEAT and HEAT is
related to ANGER Hence to SMOKE ANGER means
tobe VERY ANGRY. This METALEPSIS can in fact
be proven by a list of verses exhibited below

EXAMPLE Dt29-17d-METAPHOR
------------------------------
Certain classes of words have known dual
meanings in two spheres of thought. For
example many words referring to PLANTS
also refer to THOUGHTS. Hence we have
FRUITful ideas, BRANCHES OF thought,etc
In this vein Rashi interprets
WILD WEEDS to refer to paranoic thoughts
of evil.

This PLANT-THOUGHT duality illustrates a consistent use
of the literary technique of METAPHOR since eg ADVICE
is metaphorically compared to an idea that bears
FRUIT (FRUITful idea) (Hence TREE(Ayin-Tzade) comes
to mean ADVICE (Ayin-Tzade-Hey)--FRUITbearing ideas)
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS UNIFIED MEANING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LISt871c
List of verses with Double metonomy: Anger Smoked
----------------------- ------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST872a
List of verses with PLANT-THOUGHT metaphor
COMMENTS

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 Two years ago I published my summary of  Rashi rules
which can be found at
http://www.rashiyomi.com/rules-01.htm There I
advocate 6 classes of Rashi rules.

Based on a paper I recently presented I believe that
from a point of view of computer science it is better
to say that there are 5 classes of Rashi rules. This
new approach will be summarized in a new version of
this paper which I will publish later in this year
or next.
LIST871c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

List of verses with the phrase SMOKING ANGER which
indicates INTENSE ANGER. SMOKING ANGER is an example
of a double metonomy, or METALEPSIS since
INTENSE  ANGER is related to GETTING HEATED and
HEAT is related to SMOKE.
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE with phrase ANGER SMOKING
Dt29-19a Gods anger will smoke on this person
2S22-09 Smoke arose FROM his ANGER*1
Is65-05 On these, smoke arises from my anger*2
P018-09 Smoke arises from his anger*3
P074-01 God why have you smoked your anger on us*4
COMMENTS
*1 THere is a sort of double pun here.
AP means both anger and nostrils
So we could equally translate the verse as
---------------------------------
smoke arose in His nostrils
---------------------------------

or

-----------------------------
smoke arose from His anger
-----------------------------

The rest of the verse echoes this double pun
-------------------------------
smoke arose from His anger/nostrils
and fire consumes from  His mouth
---------------------------------

*2 Again the double metonomy shows itself
--------------------------
on these
smoke arises from my anger
a fueled fire the whole day
--------------------------

*3 Again the double metonomy shows itself
-------------------
smoke arises from His anger
fire consumes from His mouth
coals are inflamed from Him
-------------------

Actually we have here a triple metonomy:
anger-heat-smoke anger-heat-fire and
anger-heat-fire-coal

*4 P074-01 conveniently identifies the meaning
of the double metonomy
------------------------------------
God
Why have you deserted us
--- ---- --- smoked your anger on us
------------------------------------

We conclude  that SMOKING ANGER indicates
DESERTING.
LIST872a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


Illustration of meaning thru metaphor/simile.

We list words with a double meaning referring
to both the PLANT SPHERE and THOUGHT SPHERE

eg.  ADVICE is to thought as a TREE is to
plants--they both give FRUIT (cf the English
FRUITful idea). Hence the Hebrew word for advice
is TREE. This is a METAPHOR since in reality
we are saying that ADVICE, IS LIKE A TREE (in that
it gives fruit)(Ayin-Tzade, Ayin-Tzade-Hey)

Hence we translate Dt29-17d as ROOTS MULTIPLYING
WITH POISON which metaphorically refers to
PARANOIC THOUGHTS
Biblical Root Plant Speech Meaning
Mem-Lamed-Lamed Leaf Word*1
Samech Ayin Pay Branch Branch of thought*2
Aleph-Mem-Resh Branch Speech/Branch of Thought
Ayin Tzade Tree Advice-FRUITfull idea*3
Chet-Resh-Shin Plough Think*4
Resh-Ayin-Hey Graze Think*4
Resh-Aleph-Shin Poison Paranoic*5
COMMENTS
*1 MeLiLoTh vs MiLeL

*2 SeiF means BRANCH; SayAFiM means branches of
thought--paranoic fantasies. Similarly AMIR
means HEAD BRANCH and also SPEECH

*3 A beautiful etymology due to Rav Hirsch
ADVICE are  those thoughts that are FRUITful
Ayin-Tzade vs Ayin-Tzade-Hey

*4 RoEh vs Raayon. In both cases we refer to
thoughts as ploughing and grazing mental
pastures.

*5 The actual verse is translated as follows
-----------------------------------------
a ROOT that BREADS POISONOUS HERBS
----------------------------------------
Hence we have translated it as WILD WEED
and PARANOIC THOUGHTS (These of course are
simply good approximations)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt29-09b
Dt29-09b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Rashi frequently illumines verses with skillfully
quoted cross references.

EXAMPLE
-------
Dt29-09 states
----------------------------------------------------
You stand before God: Leaders, Tribes, Elders,People
---------------------------------------------------
RASHI: Each tribe had its own place, its own leaders,
elders and Judges.  Thus the people were not just under
LEADERSHIP but rather under MEANINGFUL LEADERSHIP...leaders
who knew the people individually. The idea that Jews should
not only be a nation but a nation of tribes is emphasized
in several verses and ultimately goes back to the
Patriarch Jacob who saw the importance of people living
with people they can get along with In the list below
we provide these cross references on the importance
of living by tribes*10
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: OTHER VERSES
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS FURTHER DETAILS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #1
SEE BELOW LIST210a
List of verse pairs with references giving details
COMMENTS

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 This is an excellent exercise in how NOT
to interpret Rashi

It looks like Rashi is commenting on superfluity
------------------------------------------
Why does it say TRIBES and also say ALL PEOPLE
------------------------------------------

Rashi appears to answer this question with an
ellipsis Rashi actually says
----------------------
Heads TO YOUR tribes
----------------------

So it looks as if Rashi is providing an
elliptical interpretation
-------------------------------------
Rashi seems to interpret the Biblical words
HEADS TRIBES as HEADS TO YOUR TRIBES
-------------------------------------

But we can demur to this explanation
- Ellipsis by and large is a technique
used in Poetical context to provide
emphasis. It is not usually used in
ordinary lists.

I would therefore answer the question as
to why it says TRIBES and ALL JEWS as follows
-------------------------------------------
The phrase ALL JEWS refers to WHO was
there--namely all Jews.

The phrase TRIBES refers to the FORM of
those that were there--namely they were
assembled each person in his tribes slot
------------------------------------------

So when Rashi says HEADS TO EACH TRIBE
Rashi is NOT providing an ellipsis between
HEADS and TRIBES. Rather Rashi is commenting
on the word HEADS (and equally on ELDERS and
JUDGES).

------------------------------------
Both Heads, elders and judges of
ALL OF ISRAEL as well as each TRIBE
was standing there Therefore the verse states
- HEADS (Of tribes)
- Tribes
- Elders (By Tribe!)
- Judges (By Tribe!)
------------------------------------

In short Rashi
- is providing a small comment on which
HEADS, ELDERS and JUDGES were there

- Rashi does NOT answer the question as
to why it says TRIBES and ALL JEWS

- The (obvious) answer to this question
is that the Jews were assembled BY TRIBE

Thus this Rashi provides a good exercise in
how to properly interpret Rashi
LIST210a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03

We present a list of verses where
further details of the verse are presented
from other verses.

The classical example is the Passover Hagaddah
example: The verse Dt26-05d, ONLY A FEW JEWS
WENT DOWN TO EGYPT, is illumined by Gn46-27
which states that 70 PEOPLE WENT DOWN TO EGYPT.

Thus the technique of OTHER VERSES teaches
us that A FEW JEWS(Dt26-05d) means 70(Gn46-27)
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE OTHER VRSE DETAILS
Dt29-09b All Jews here, TRIBES,*3 Nu02-02 Each Jew has tribe
Nu24-07c Jews greater than AGAG 1S15-33*2 AGAG,King Amalayk
Lv21-18a Blemish priests no-serve Mal01-08 It is disgusting*1
Lv01-12a the THANK YOU OFFERING Ps127-01 4 Thank Yous
Lv01-05a Slaughter Sacrifice 2Chr30-17 A Levite Can
Dt26-05d A FEW Jews came to Egypt Gn46-27 70 people came
Gn21-23b I treated you NICELY Gn20-15 I gave you LAND
Dt25-13b Dont have big STONES Lv19-36 Big STONE WEIGHTS
Gn26-05e because ABRAHAM OBEYED Gn22-18 He offered Isaac
Ex13-17c Jews afraid of war Nu14-42 Defeat of Jews
Ex17-10b Chur 1Ch2-18:19 Kalevs son
Ex35-30a Chur 1Ch2-18:19 Kalevs son
Ex24-14c Chur 1Ch2-18:19 Kalevs son
COMMENTS
*1 Lv21-18 says
- Blemished priests dont serve BECAUSE blemished
- priests dont serve

Mal01-08 amplifies this
- Would you give a blemished animal to your governor?
- Would he like it? Would he grant your favor?

*2 Rashis approach to the verse is literal--Bilam was
a prophet and he foresaw the defeat of Amalayk by
the Jews.

Therefore the next phrase in the verse--
---------------------------------------
His(Jewish) Kingdom will be higher than AGAG
and his (Jewish) reign will go higher
---------------------------------------
This next phrase (GO HIGHER) would refer to
the Kings after Shaul--to David and Solomon
who had greater Kingdoms and greater victories
than Shaul*10

*3 So the point of the verse is that not only
were the nation of individual Jews there but
that each Jew had his/her very own tribe.

Already the Patriarch Jacob laid down the
modern idea that Jews must be able to live
with people they are compatable with.

In fact the layout of tribes given by
Jacob (Gn49) and Moses (Nu02) are basically
the same (See http://www.rashiyomi.com/gn50-13a.htm)
Thus Rashi borrowed the idea of JEWS BY TRIBE
and applied it to Dt29-09

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 It is also possible to have a poetic approach to
these verses. Thus
- AGAG from GAG would refer to the ROOF nations,
that is, nations who think that they are self
sufficient (Their own ROOF) and dont need God.

The ROOF nations include AMALAYK under King AGAG
They would also include the MAGOG kingdom under
king GOG (See Ez38) which the Jews will defeat
in Messianic times.

The second phrase in the verse
---------------------------------------
His(Jewish) Kingdom will be higher than AGAG
and his (Jewish) reign will go higher
---------------------------------------
would therefore refer to King Messiah
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt29-16c
Dt29-16c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Several Biblical verses speak about the pagan gods of
WOOD AND STONE. By contrast the one verse which speaks
about the pagan gods of SILVER AND GOLD adds the adjectival
phrase gODS ..WHICH ARE WITH THEM. The ALIGNMENT of these
verses (WOOD STONE gODS vs SILVER GOLD gODS WITH THEM) clearly
points to two cases
- gODS WITH THEM say in the house vs
- gODS
Rashi justifies this emphasis by suggesting that there was
worry that the SILVER GOLD gODS would be stolen (And there
is Biblical precedent for worrying about stealing gODS)
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: ALIGNMENT
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS TWO CASES
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #10
SEE BELOW LIST313d
Alignment of verses with reference to gods of wood,stone,silver
LIST313d
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03


Alignment of verses describing the material from which
idols are made. Two cases are shown
- Wood/stone idols which people left out in yards
- silver/gold idols which people kept in houses due to
worry about theft
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE WITH REFERENCE TO IDOLS
Dt04-28 You will worship other gods WOOD and STONE
Dt28-36 You will worship other gods WOOD and STONE
Dt28-64 You will worship other gods WOOD and STONE
Dt29-16 You saw .... the other gods WOOD and STONE
Dt29-16c You saw .... the other gods GOLD and SILVER with them
Differs *1 *2 *3
COMMENTS
*1 Some of these verses simply describe the idols that
the Jews saw while other verses describe a curse
that they will have to work with people who serve
idols. This difference is immaterial to the further
distinctions in these verses

*2 WOOD STONE gODS are simply there. By contrast

*3 SILVER GOLD gODS are WITH THEM. The emphasis given
by this contrasting phrase suggests that pagans
kept there GOLD SILVER gODS in their house because
they were worried about theft*10 *11

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 There are Biblical precedents for worrying about theft
See Gn31-30 where Labans gods were stolen

*11 Note the skillful way we performed the alignment

It would be INCORRECT to argue as follows
-------------------------------------
Dt29-16 You saw pagan gods
WOOD STONE
GOLD SILVER WITH THEM
-------------------------------------

For in such a case the phrase WITH THEM could easily
refer back to all items in the verse (to both
the WOOD STONE GOLD and SILVER).

The correct approach to the alignment is to align
several verses speaking about pagan gods and
note that in only one of them is the phrase WITH THEM
mentioned (and that one occasion is in the verse
mentioning GOLD and SILVER gods suggesting a worry
about theft).
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#