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               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2004
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 21 Number 15
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
               -----------------------------------
               http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h21n15.htm
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                    Produced April 13-th, 2004

       WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Whats new and hot in this issue?
ITEM WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE
LIGHTNING Starting this issue: THE LIGHTNING SUMMARIES*1
Coming Soon An INTRO Kit for the Rashi website*2
COMMENTS
*1 The most frequent complaint I get is I DONT HAVE ENOUGH
TIME TO READ YOUR VERY INTERESTING RASHI MATERIAL.

Hence, starting this issue we introduce THE LIGHTNING
SUMMARIES. For each list in this issue we summarize
in ONE LINE the punchline of Rashi.

IF ALL YOU HAVE TIME FOR, IS READING 8-10 LINES THIS IS
THE PLACE TO GO!

*2 Several congregants of the Ner Tamid Congregation who
have joined my Rashi lists have expressed an interest
in a sort of INTRO KIT for those starting on the website.
I am busy designing this -- it will help anyone visiting
the website to
- get started with basic material
- find out what to read and look for every week
We currently have about 3000 pages of solid Rashi
material on the website...such an intro kit is sorely
needed
LIGHTNING SUMMARIES
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10
# LIST BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES
7 910d SCALES(KS) on fish look like scattered STUBBLE(KS)
7 910h FISH FINS are SHRUB like protrusions(SN) by which fish FLY(PR)
7 810b Animal SPLIT HOOFS (sh-sah) look like RIPPED (sh-sah) hoofs
7 910i INSECTS (shretz) are creatures THAT (Sh) RUN (ratz) alot
1 210z Aaron went DOWN=FROM THE ALTAR; Aarn BLESSED= PRIESTLY BLESSING
3 270a Make nation sin offering like the 1ST ONE=THE PRIEST OFFERING
5 250a Except for the MORNING OFFERING = THAT IS OFFERED DAILY
COMMENTS

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 The explanation of the list should be clear
- The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used
All Rashi rules may be found with examples at
http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm

- The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which
contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and
includes the example presented in the third column

- The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi
with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. Thus
if all you see in the 3rd column is
------------------------------------
Aaron BLESSED=THE PRIESTLY BLESSING
------------------------------------
This means that
-- the verse states that Aaron BLESSED
-- but an OTHER VERSE indicates which BLESSING
Aaron gave (He gave the Priestly Blessing)

If the reader is now curious (s)he can review LIST210z
which shows many other examples of the OTHER VERSE method.
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== =====================================
Lv11-03a WORD MEANINGS Fins,scales,insect(RUNS),split(RIP)..
Lv11-09a WORD MEANINGS Fins,scales,insect(RUNS),split(RIP)..
Lv11-09b WORD MEANINGS Fins,scales,insect(RUNS),split(RIP)..
Lv11-10a WORD MEANINGS Fins,scales,insect(RUNS),split(RIP)..
Lv09-15a OTHER VERSES (Priestly)blessing;down(from altar)..
Lv09-17b OTHER VERSES (Priestly)blessing;down(from altar)..
Lv09-22a OTHER VERSES (Priestly)blessing;down(from altar)..
Lv09-22b OTHER VERSES (Priestly)blessing;down(from altar)..
--------- ---------------- -------------------------------------
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv11-03a
RASHIS COVERED: Lv11-03a Lv11-09a Lv11-09b Lv11-10a
Lv11-03a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals was to explain the meaning of
words the same way a dictionary explains words. Rashi had
a variety of vehicles to explain meaning.

EXAMPLE Lv11-10a
----------------
The INSECT (Sheretz) is a creature who RUNS(She-Ratz)
swiftly. Many roots beginning with SHIN have similar
etymologies.

EXAMPLE Lv11-03a
----------------
A SPLIT (Shesah) hoof is a hoof that looks like it
was RIPPED (Shi-SaH). Here, etymology is by APPEARANCE
(that is, the SPLIT hoof looks RIPPED)

EXAMPLE Lv11-09b
----------------
The FISH SCALES (KasKeseth) scattered over a fish-s
body looks like STUBBLE (Kash) scattered over the
ground. Here again etymology is by APPEARANCE

EXAMPLE Lv11-09a
----------------
The FISH FINS (Snapir) over the fish-s body looks
like a collection of SHRUBS (SN) that the fish
uses to FLY (PoRayAch) thru the water. Here we use
the standard etymology of 4 letter roots.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 2-4 Letter roots
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST910d
List of root pairs with SHIN-SIN difference;they mean same
---------------------- -------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST910h
List of 4 letter roots=sum of 2 letter roots
---------------------- -------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 8 Methods of Naming
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST810b
List of words named by FORM/APPEARANCE
---------------------- -------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST910i
List of words with Prefix SHIN meaning THAT=Good Example
LIST910i
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of words with Prefix SHIN meaning THAT=Good Example
ROOT MEANS GOOD EXAMPLE OF MEANING OF LAST 2 LTTRS
Sh-G-L Stripper Good example of Uncovering*10
Sh-A-L Ask Good example of To me
Sh-R-Tz Insect Good example of running*1
Sh-C-L Cluster Good example of All there
Sh-C-V Death Good example of Extinguished
Sh-C-L Lion Good example of Frightening
Sh-C-N Dwelling Good example of Founded
COMMENTS
*1 Lv11-10a

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 The method of interpreting this table should be
clear. The root GLH means to UNCOVER. The root
ShGL means a STRIPPER. We perceive the etymology
of STRIPPER(shgl) as--THAT(=shin) UNCOVERS(=glh)
Here the word THAT is used in the sense of A
PARTICULARLY GOOD EXAMPLE. The other examples in
this list should be clear.
LIST910h
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of 4 letter roots=sum of 2 letter roots
4 LETTER ROOT MEANING 1st 2 LETTERS LAST 2 LETTERS
AVRAYCH*1*4 Good leader Father Gentle/soft
MMZR*1 Illegitimate Blemished (From a)Stranger
ARAL Angel Lion (of) God
BLAD Except Without (BLi) Others
BRZL Iron Strong (BRi) Branch (ZLZL)
ZLAF Fright Worthless (and) Fatigued*3
SRAF Branches A Pot (ie nest) (for) Birds *2
PANAYACH Insightful Brings out(POA) The Hidden(NAX)*5
ChachLiL Intoxicating Swirling(LL) the palate(XC)*6
SnaPir Fish fins Shrub like(SN) used to fly*7
COMMENTS
*1 There are two approaches to 4 letter roots. Sometimes we
try and see them as 2 two letter roots and sometimes we try
and see them as a 3 letter root with an extra letter. Thus
ASTR is explained in the Talmud as ASR. Rav Hirsch stuck to
the 3 letter approach even in obvious cases--thus he takes
MMZR from MZR a rare word in Job.

Similarly Rashi cites a controversy on AVRAYCH:
-- A double 2 letter approach would yield:
AVRAYCH=Gentle(Rc) Father(Av)
-- A 3 letter approach would yield:
AVRAYCH=Kneel (Brch) to me (Aleph)


*2 Note the poetic lisence in e.g.
SRAF =  BIRD(AF) POT (SiR)= Something for Bird nests
This type of small poetic lisence is common in etymologies
and makes their study difficult

*3  Note the finer nuances in some translations. For example ZLAF
occurs rarely in TNACH and its meaning is inferred from its
context. The RDQ in his book of ROOTS says its meaning is SOME
TYPE OF FRIGHT....this could go well with the verse cited by
RDK: "fright has overtaken me"

But perhaps a BETTER translation is
feeling worthless and tired So that the verse with
ZLAF would mean WORTHLESSNESS & FATIGUE HAS OVERTAKEN ME
Then again perhaps there is no way to see which translation
is better

*4 Rashi Gn41-43b

*5 Rashi Gn41-45

*6 Rashi Gn49-12a

*7 The following may help:
- PRCh means to FLY; in connection with fish it could
refer to swimming throughout the water

- SN can mean THORNBUSH or BRANCHES (Songs07-09). I
therefore suggest it means SHRUB like.

So SN-PR would refer to SHRUB-LIKE(SN) protrusions by
which a fish FLYES (PR) - SNPR.
LIST910d
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of root pairs with  SHIN-SIN difference;they mean same
ROOT SIN SHIN COMMONALITY OF TWO ROOTS
Kas-Kas Scales Stubble Scales:Fish::Stubble:Ground*3
Sin-Lamed-Vav FatBird Tranquil Feeling of Saiety
Ayin-Sin-Resh 10 rich 10=plurality;rich=much money
Ayin-Sin-Kuph dispute wage-theft Both involve property fights
Kuph-Sin-Kuph Quarter trinkets*2 Both are small silver objects
Chet-Sin-Caph withold dark To withold=keep it in dark
Nun-Sin-Aleph lift up seduce Seduce=give a person a HIGH
COMMENTS
*1 The 2 Rashis on Gn25-29a Gn25-29b both describe
property disputes on the wells, Hence the two roots
- Ayin-Shin-Kaph=Withold wages
- Ayin-Sin-Kaph=dispute


*2 Biblical money has the following analogy with English
------------------------------
Penny    = Perutah
Quarter  = Kesitah = 1/6 Dinar
Dollar   = Dinar
5 Dollar = Selah = 4 Dinar
------------------------------
We of course use poetic lisence to translate Kesitah as
a Quarter (since it really is a sixth)

*3 This is an example of naming by APPEARANCE
See LIST810b for further examples
LIST810b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of                  words named by FORM/APPEARANCE
VERSE TERM Refers to ...
Ex25-23a Table STATURE Table HEIGHT *3
Ex25-31d MENORAH THIGH Its Bottom(Rashi)
Ex40-22a Temple THIGH Temple SIDE
Ex40-22b Temple THIGH Temple SIDE
Lv01-11a Altar THIGH Altar SIDE
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Ex27-03a POT GARBAGE PAIL
Ex25-31f MENORAH BUD Bud-like ornament
Ex25-31g MENORAH FRUIT Fruit-like ornament
Ex25-31h MENORAH FLOWER FLOWER-like ornament
Ex28-33a POMEGRANATES POMEGRANATE ORNAMENTS
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Lv13-03b CLOUD wound WHITE wound
Ex25-04a SKY thread Thread dyed SKY BLUE
Ex25-04b WORM Thread Thread DYED RED
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Lv13-55d PIT wound DEEP wound(Pechethet)
Lv13-18a LOW wound ABCESS
Ex39-01b SKY FLATTENED out*1
Lv11-09b Fish STUBBLE Fish SCALES
Ex25-25a Table CASING SURROUNDS table legs
-------- -------------- ----------------------
Nu31-50c The ROUND EARING JEWELRY
Ex28-32a MOUTH-HEAD NECK of a garment
Ex35-13a FACE BREAD Bread with 2 faces
Ex28-04d CHECKERED CHECKERED Garment
Lv11-03a RIPPED SPLIT hoofs
COMMENTS
*1 Rashi supplements this explanation by
citing verses where RKA means to
FLATTEN OUT(eg Isa42-05,P136-07,
2S22-43, Ez06-11,Ex39-03, Nu17-04,
Jr10-09--in all these verses RKA
means to flatten out/crush)

*2 Perhaps the punchiest example is the following
- PENTAGON - named by form
- U.N. ----- named by function

*3 - STATURE is an attribute of HUMANS
- HEIGHT is an attribute of OBJECTS
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv09-15a
RASHIS COVERED: Lv09-15a Lv09-17b Lv09-22a Lv09-22b
Lv09-12b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis main methods is the skillful use of
cross-references to illuminate other verses.

EXAMPLE Lv09-12b OTHER VERSES - CITATIONS
-----------------------------------------
The Bible instead of repeating a whole procedure may
simply say SIMILARLY, AS WAS DONE TO SUCH AND SUCH.
This is an example of CITATIONS OF OTHER VERSES.

EXAMPLE Lv09-17b OTHER VERSES - MEANINGS
----------------------------------------
Lv09-17b instructs to OFFER ...BESIDES THE MORNING OFFERING.
The meaning of this phrase is illuminated by an OTHER
VERSE - Nu28-23--BESIDES THE MORNING OFFERING THAT BELONGS
TO THE DAILY OFFERINGS. Thus Nu28-23 apprises us that
the morning offering refers to the DAILY OFFERINGS.

EXAMPLE Lv09-22a OTHER VERSES - FURTHER DETAILS
-----------------------------------------------
Lv09-22 states that Aaron BLESSED the nation. This is
illuminated further by Nu06-22:27 -- Aaron in fact
recited the PRIESTLY BLESSING.

EXAMPLE Lv09-22b OTHER VERSES - FURTHER DETAILS
-----------------------------------------------
Lv09-22 states that Aaron WENT DOWN. This is illuminated
by the previous chapter --- for example Lv09-07 states
that Aaron offered ON THE ALTAR--hence we infer that
he WENT DOWN - FROM THE ALTAR.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS OTHER VERSES
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS FURTHER DETAILS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #1
SEE BELOW LIST210z
List of verse pairs with 1 verse illuminating the other
---------------------- ------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS CITATIONS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #3
SEE BELOW LIST270a
List of verse pairs with one verse citing the other
---------------------- ------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS INFER MEANING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #5
SEE BELOW LIST250a
List of verse pairs with one verse shedding meaning on words
LIST250a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of verse pairs with one verse shedding meaning on words
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE OTHER VRSE MEANING
Lv09-17b beside the MORNING sac Nu28-23 DAILY MORNING SAC
Nu26-10a BANNER fire on rebels Nu17-03 SYMBOL*3
Dt01-19a GREAT & AWESOME desert Dt08-15 with snakes
Ex13-20a SUCCOTH*1 Nu33-05 RMSYTH->SCCTH
Gn15-09 CALF Lv09-07d 1 year old
Ex21-17b HIS BLOOD ON HIM Lv20-27 StoneTo Death
Ex14-24b CONFUSION attacks 1S07-10 by NOISE
Ex30-13e GAYRAH 1S02-36 CURRENCY UNIT
Ex30-18d Washpan near ALTAR Ex40-27:29 COPPER ALTAR
Nu01-02a Count Jews by FAMILY Nu01 Count by TRIBE
Nu01-02c Count Jews by HEADS Ex38-26*2 COIN per HEAD
------- ------------------- -------- ------------
Ex29-42a CONTINUAL offering Ex29-39 Twice a day*4
Ex27-20 CONTINUOUS burning Ex27-21a all night*4
COMMENTS
*1 Ex13-20 Jews journeyed from Succoth after Exodus
Ex12-27 Exodus: Jews go from Raamsayth to Succoth
Nu33-05 Exodus, Then Raamsayth, THen Succoth

The point is that Nu33-05 makes it clear that
there were 3 places
- Exodus FROM Egypt
- TO Raamsayth
- TO Succoth.

Ex13-20 only mentions 2 of the places
Ex12-27 makes it sound like they left EGYPT, ie
they left RAAMSAYTH.

It is in fact common for places to have multiple
names. So Nu33-05 illumines that there were 3
distinct places

*2 Also see Ex30-11:16 which prohibits DIRECTLY
counting people. Instead, we must count the
COINS of each person and from this infer
the total count.

*3 Nu17-05 further illumines by calling it a MEMORIAL
Thus we have SYMBOL MEMORIAL BANNER.

Since NAYS means BANNER it refers to anything
that ATTRACTS attention such as SYMBOLS or
MIRACLES

*4 In this example the Hebrew word TaMid can mean
either CONTINUAL or CONTINUOUS depending on context.
LIST270a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of verse pairs      with one verse citing the other
VERSE-1 TEXT OF VERSE VERSE-2 CITATION
Lv09-15a Make NATION sin offering Lv09-08 like that of PRIEST*2
Ex06-04b Promise to give Israel Gn17-08 I will give Israel
Ex08-11b Pharoh no listen to signs Ex07-03 Pharoh wont listen
Ex08-15b Pharoh no listen to signs Ex07-03 Pharoh wont listen
Ex12-25b God brings you to Israel Ex06-08 God will give Israel
Ex13-11b God brings us to Israel Ex06-08 God will give Israel
Ex14-12a Jews prefer Egypt Ex05-21 Dont ask Pharoh
Dt15-06a Blessed if observe law Dt28-03 You will be blessed*1
COMMENTS
*1 The preceding chapter and paragraphs speak about the
requirement to observe the law

*2 The actual verse Lv09-15 states
-------------------------------------------
Make the nation sin offering LIKE THE FIRST
-------------------------------------------

By referring to Lv09-08 we learn that the phrase
LIKE THE FIRST means LIKE THE FIRST SIN OFFERING --
THE ONE OFFERED FOR THE PRIEST (Since there were
2 sin offerings--one for the PRIEST and one for
the NATION)
LIST210z
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of verses pairs     with one verse illuminating another
LIST210z CONTINUES LIST210a
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE OTHER VRSE DETAILS
Lv09-22a Aaron BLESSED the nation Nu06-22:27 PRIESTLY BLESSING
Lv09-22b Aaron went DOWN Lv09-07 DOWN from the Altar
Lv06-05b Wood,Daily,Offerings Nu-28,15*5 Daily First*5
Lv06-14c A CUT minchah Lv02-06 Method to CUT Mnch
Lv06-03c Remove altar ashes Lv01-16 Ashes placed on EAST
Lv06-03c Remove altar ashes Ex27-03 Removal utensils
Ex31-08b Offer Ketoreth on altar Ex30-34:38 Ketoreth ingredients
Ex27-02a horns FROM the altar Ex25-36 SCULPTORED,nt sldred
Ex21-13d Refuge for murderers Nu25-09:15 Refuge city places
Ex19-05b Guard My CONVENANT Ex24-07:08 GIVING OF THE TORAH
Ex14-12a Better we die in Egypt Ex05-21 Jews curse Moses
Ex06-05b I remember My Treaty Gn15-13:21 I promisd redemption
Ex06-06a Therefore Gn15-13:21 I promisd redemption
Ex06-06c I will redeem the Jews Gn15-13:21 Promisd great wealth
Ex06-20a Amram married AUNT Nu26-59 Grandpa-s daughter
Ex06-05b God remembers TREATY Gn15-14 God will redeem us
Ex06-06c God will REDEEM US Gn15-14 Get great wealth
Gn49-05a Simon/Levi are BROTHERS Gn34-25 BROTHERS kill city*4
Ex22-16a the DOWRY OF VIRGINS Dt22-29 50 Biblical dollars
Gn33-09a I dont need your money Gn27-41*3 Hatred for stealing
Gn20-23b Childbirth=Lose DISGRACE Is04-01*1 Woman singl=disgrace
Gn30-37a A LIVNEH stick Ho04-13 LIVNEH=name of tree
Gn30-36b Permit me to leave*2 Gn31-46 You STOLE my daughtr
Gn28-22b This willbe HOUSE OF GOD Gn35-01:08 altar;remove idols
Gn23-02a Abraham CAME Gn21-33:34 CAME from BeerShva
Lv01-12a the THANK YOU OFFERING Ps127-01 4 Thank Yous
Lv01-05a Slaughter Sacrifice 2Chr30-17 A Levite Can
Dt26-05d A FEW Jews came to Egypt Gn46-27 70 people came
Gn21-23b I treated you NICELY Gn20-15 I gave you LAND
Dt25-13b Dont have big STONES Lv19-36 Big STONE WEIGHTS
Gn26-05e because ABRAHAM OBEYED Gn22-18 He offered Isaac
Ex13-17c Jews afraid of war Nu14-42 Defeat of Jews
Ex17-10b Chur 1Ch2-18:19 Kalevs son
Ex35-30a Chur 1Ch2-18:19 Kalevs son
Ex24-14c Chur 1Ch2-18:19 Kalevs son
COMMENTS
*1 Rashi states the following: "If MOTHERS make mistakes it
is because they raise children; if SINGLE women make
mistakes it is because they try to pick people up"
Rashi should be perceived as giving ILLUSTRATIONS of
why being without children is disgraceful for women

*2 Jacob did not NEED permission to leave with HIS wife
But his father-in-law would perceive it as STEALING
his daughter.

*3 Gn27-41 states that Esauv hated Jacob for stealing the
blessing. Gn27-44 states that after a few years this
hatred would subside. Hence Gn33-09 with its statement
I DONT NEED YOUR MONEY confirms these other 2 verses.

*4 Rashi is NOT commenting on the MERE coincidence that
Shimon and Levi are called BROTHERS in two places.
-Gn49-05 talks about Shimon and Levi KILLING and
PLUNDERING
-Gn34 also talks about SHIMON and Levi KILLING
and plundering.
Thus the cross reference is clear. The accident
that they are called BROTHERS in both places
simply spices up the correspondence.

*5 There are many verses which explicitly confirm
Lv06-05b - that the DAILY UP OFFERING must be
the first offering of the day and the last (any
other offerings must be offered strictly inbetween
them). Here is a partial list of verses where this
principle is enunciated
Nu28-15,23,24,31 Nu29-06,11,16,22,25...Lv03-05*10

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 Lv06-05b only speaks about THE UP..but in light
of these other verses the word THE clearly refers
to the DAILY UP.

Rashi(following the Talmud) further declares
--------------------------------------------
We also derive from this verse (Lv06-05b) That:
Just as no offering can be offered BEFORE
the DAILY UP (the DAILY UP must be the FIRST)
so no offering can be offered AFTER the
EVENING DAILY UP (the EVENING DAILY UP must
be the LAST).
--------------------------------------------

My own opinion is that Rashi simply indicates
a derivation by analogical logic (not by
verse derivation). In other words since all
the other verses state
----------------------------------------
this offering must be offered AFTER (AL)
the MORNING DAILY UP
----------------------------------------
we infer (by LOGIC, not by VERSE) that
the EVENING DAILY UP should have a similar
status (no offering offered AFTER)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2003, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#