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               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2004
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 21 Number 18
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
               -----------------------------------
               http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h21n18.htm
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                    Produced April 22-nd, 2004

       WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Whats new and hot in this issue?
ITEM WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE
WHITE DEEP Novel interpretation of WHITE DEEPER THAN SHADE
DATABASE A peachy example of Database methods
LIGHTNING THE LIGHTNING SUMMARIES*1
COMMENTS
*1 The most frequent complaint I get is I DONT HAVE ENOUGH
TIME TO READ YOUR VERY INTERESTING RASHI MATERIAL.

Hence, we introduced THE LIGHTNING
SUMMARIES. For each list in this issue we summarize
in ONE LINE the punchline of Rashi.

IF ALL YOU HAVE TIME FOR, IS READING 8-10 LINES THIS IS
THE PLACE TO GO!
LIGHTNING SUMMARIES
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10
# LIST BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES
9 703c TaHaRaH = Uncleanliness; TaHaRaHHHH = HER Uncleanliness
7 854z DEEP APPEARANCE means a DEEP WOUND (vs SKIN abrasion)
27 605t It is UNCLEAN vs The PRIEST will UNCLEAN it=PRONOUNCE UNCLEAN
19 160a Place blood on ear;& oil on ear ON BLOOD(=>Blood must be 1st)
COMMENTS

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 The explanation of the list should be clear
- The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used
All Rashi rules may be found with examples at
http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm

- The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which
contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and
includes the example presented in the third column

- The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi
with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. Thus
if all you see in the 3rd column is
------------------------------------
Aaron BLESSED=THE PRIESTLY BLESSING
------------------------------------
This means that
-- the verse states that Aaron BLESSED
-- but an OTHER VERSE indicates which BLESSING
Aaron gave (He gave the Priestly Blessing)

If the reader is now curious (s)he can review LIST210z
which shows many other examples of the OTHER VERSE method.
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== =====================================
Lv14-17a REPETITION Repeat-phrase emphasizes essentiality
Lv13-20a NEW MEANINGS DEEP appearance = DEEP wound
Lv13-03b NEW MEANINGS DEEP appearance = DEEP wound
Lv13-03c DATABASE Certain Toomah requires PRONOUNCEMENT
Lv14-36a DATABASE Certain Toomah requires PRONOUNCEMENT
Lv12-04b GRAMMARr TaHaRaHHHH vs TaHaRaH:Noun/Possesive
Lv12-04c GRAMMARr TaHaRaHHHH vs TaHaRaH:Noun/Possesive
--------- ---------------- -------------------------------------
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv13-03c
RASHIS COVERED: Lv13-03c Lv14-36a
Lv13-03c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Rashi frequently comments by making broad database queries
and noting patterns. The example today is a peach of an
example showing how deep inferences can be made by broad
but simply formulated database queries.

EXAMPLE-Lv13-03c Lv14-36a
-------------------------
We make a query of BEING IN A STATE OF UNCLEANLINESS
We see 4 formulations
- IT IS UNCLEAN (Adjective form)
- You will BECOME UNCLEAN (Active Mode)
- You can BECOME UNCLEAN (Reflexive mode)

However by contrast we find throuhgout the leprosy laws
- The priest shall UNCLEAN IT (Causative mode)

Here we have coined the term TO UNCLEAN...to make unclean.

From this contrast Rashi infers
- other uncleanlinesses are OBJECTIVE (eg a pig is unclean)
- Leprosy uncleanliness must be DECLARED (If the priest
declares the person unclean he becomes unclean; otherwise
even though he has all the leprosy signs he is not yet
UNCLEAN till the Priest declares it)
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: DATABASES
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS DATABASES
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #27
SEE BELOW LIST605t
Query of IT IS UNCLEAN vs UNLCEAN IT(Declare it)
LIST605t
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Query of                 IT IS UNCLEAN vs UNLCEAN IT(Declare it)
VERSE FORMULATION TEXT OF VERSE DOMAIN
Lv11-04 Adjective IT IS UNCLEAN Kashruth
Lv11-29 Adjective These are UNCLEAN... The Dead
------ --------- -------------------------- --------
Lv11-24 Reflexive You can BECOME UNCLEAN by it The Dead
------ --------- -------------------------- --------
Lv11-24 Active Mode BE UNCLEAN TILL EVE The Dead
Lv11-32 Active Mode Shall Become UNCLEAN The Dead
Lv12-04 Active Mode She shall become UNCLEAN Birth
------ --------- -------------------------- --------
Lv13-03c Causative Mode The PRIEST SHALL UNCLEAN IT Leprosy
Lv13-20 Causative Mode The PRIEST SHALL UNCLEAN IT Leprosy*1
COMMENTS
*1 Thus the table is clear
- Other UNCLEANLINESS is OBJECTIVE--it is a state or reality
Birth CREATES a state of uncleanliness

- By contrast, Leprosy uncleanliness must be DECLARED -- the
leprosy signs by themselves do not confer UNCLEANLINESS until
a PRIEST formally DECLARES the person UNCLEAN.
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv12-04b
RASHIS COVERED: Lv12-04b Lv12-04c
Lv12-04b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals is the explanation of Grammar.
Rashi used the method of NEAR MISSES to teach grammar

EXAMPLE Lv12-04b Lv12-04c
-------------------------
- TaHaRaH means UNCLEANLINESS
- TaHaRaHHH means HER UNCLEANLINESS
In other words the extra ASPIRATED H at the word end
indicates the POSSESSIVE (HER uncleanliness)
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS VERB CONJUGATION
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW LIST703c
List of word pairs with small spelling-big meaning differnce
LIST703c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Lists of word pairs with small spelling-big meaning differences
VERSE #1 PUNCTUATION#1 MEANS#1 #2 PUNCTUATION#2 MEANS#2
Lv12-04b THRH Unaspirated H Cleanlins THRHH Aspirated Hey Her Clnlins
Ex07-27a MMAyN Two Mem To refuse MAyn One mem obstinat*6
Ex07-14a KaVyd Kamatz-Tzaray Heavy KaVad Kamatz-Patach be Heavy*6
Gn47-15a AaFyS Kamatz-Tzaray Dwindled E-Fes Segol-Segol Nothing*6
Ex23-31a HaMoT Patach-Cholam Destroy HayMT Tzaray-Patach Kill*5
Gn24-23b LLeen Chirik NightStay LLoon Shuruk To inn*4
Ex19-18a OSHON KAMATZ KAMATZ Smoke Oshan KAMATZ PATACH To Smoke
Gn49-04d PACAZ PATACH PATACH Fiz PoCaz KAMATZ PATACH To Fiz
Dt07-23a HOMAM KAMATZ PATACH ToSmash HOMOM KAMATZ KAMATZ Smash Em
Gn09-06d HTHLK ------------- Walked HTHLK ------------- Walk*1
Ex01-20a YehTv TZARAY SEGOL helped YeeTv CHIRIK SEGOL good*2
Ex01-19 YehRv SEGOL SEGOL*2 increased YeeRv CHIRIK SEGOL multiplied
Gn29-06a ba-AH Accent on end coming BA-ah accent-begin came*3
Gn46-26a ba-AH Accent on end coming BA-ah accent-begin came*3
COMMENTS
*1 In this example the identically spelled word can mean either
- he walked (past tense)
- walk (Command)

Cf The Grammatical tables in the Ibn Shoshan dictionary
Table 1 presents the conjugations in question.

*2 The words are spelled with the same letters. The minute
vowel difference determines whether it is causative(Helped)
vs active (Good)


*3 The two words have the
- same spelling
- same letters
- differ in placement of accents
Cf Gn29-06a vs Gn29-09,Gn46-26a vs Gn46-27 and
Gn42-21b vs Gn34-27

*4 See Ibn Shoshan Dictionary Tables 6 and 7.
The conjugation of the Biblical root Lamed-Vav-Nun
is LLoon not LLeen which should therefore be interpreted
as a noun (night-stay)

Hence the Rashi on Gn24-23b which uses the word LLeen
------------------------------------------------------
Eliezer used the word LLeen indicating he requested
a one night stay. By contrast Rivkah used the word
LLoon--the verb form--indicating that he could stay
for many nights
------------------------------------------------------

*5 I frequently cite the Ibn Shoshan Dictionary, Volume 5,
the Appendix: This gives a short but comprehensive
set of grammatical tables.

- Table 10, Kal Mode for 1-2-2 verbs: Ve-HaM-Mo-Thi
- Table 6: Hifil Mode for 1-v-3 verbs:Ve-Hay-MaT-Ti

Ve-HaM-Mo-Thi means to DESTROY;
Ve-Hay-MaT-Ti means to kill

Although the meanings are similar the conjugations are
totally different as Rashi is quick to point out.

*6 - KAMATZ-PATACH is a VERB form
- KAMATZ-TZARAY is an ADJECTIVE form
- SEGOL-SEGOL is a NOUN form.
The difference between a VERB and ADJECTIVE is as follows
- The VERB form could denote a one time TRANSIENT activity
- The ADJECTIVE form denotes a PERMANANT attribute
The KAMATZ-TZARAY is adjective form #2 in Ibn Shoshan

Hence
- AFayS Kasef means the MONEY HAS DWINDLED
- KAVAYD LAYV PHAROH means Pharoh was OBSTINATE
- MAYN LESHLAYACH means Pharoh was OBSTINATE about
letting the Jews go.

Perhaps this will clarify. MEMaAYN PHAROH would mean
Pharoh REFUSED, denoting a possibly one-time transient
activity while MaAYN PHAROH means PHAROH was OBSTINATE
(it was part of his personality to always refuse freedom
to the slaves)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv13-20a
RASHIS COVERED: Lv13-20a Lv13-03b
Lv13-20a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis main goals is to explain word meaning the
same way a dictionary explains meaning. Rashi had a variety
of vehicles by which to explain meaning. Frequently Rashi
will explain new idiomatic usage of known words.

EXAMPLE Lv13-20a Lv13-03b
-------------------------
In discussion of the LEPROSY WOUNDS the Bible uses the
phrases DEEP APPEARANCE or SHALLOW APPEARANCE. Rashi
interprets this as an idiom meaning that the wound appears
DEEP (vs a superficial skin abrasion). This is similar to
the English phrase: DEEP WOUND
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS NEW MEANINGS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST854z
List of 2-3 word Biblical idioms
LIST854z
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

A List of Biblical idioms..eg FROM DAYS DAYS=YEARLY
LIST854z continues  LIST854d
VERSE BIBLICAL PHRASE TRANSLATION NOTES
Lv13-20a SHALLOW APPEARANCE DEEP wound *8 *11
Lv13-03b DEEP APPEARANCE DEEP wound *8 *11
Lv01-15c BLOOD BE SQUEEZED Squash animal on wall *7
Ex30-27f BY ITSELF BY ITSELF Equally for each one
Ex30-04a SIDE OF SIDES Corner *6
Ex14-05b CHANGE OF HEART Changed his mind
Gn43-29a FIND GRACE Wish(ed) you well *5
Gn24-57a ASK HER MOUTH Discuss/get opinions *4
Ex12-06d BETWEEN THE EVES NOON *3
Gn37-03a SON OF OLD AGE Youngest *1
Gn37-26b COVER BLOOD Conceal murder *2
Ex21-21a DAY OR DAYS 24 hours
Lv13-39a DULL WHITE DULL WHITE
COMMENTS
*1 Rashi points out 3 equally possible meanings
- Youngest son (Son born while father  was ELDERLY)
- Wisest son (ELDER=WISDOM)
- Son who resembles father (despite old age he still
looks like son)

*2 This is an example of a DOUBLE METONOMY
Blood is ASSOCIATED with life and COVER is
associated with denial. Hence COVER-BLOOD=conceal-murder

*3 NOON is the midpoint between EVE and DAWN. Hence
NOON is the BETWEEN THE EVES.

*4 The context is the proposed marriage of 15 year old
Rivkah to Isaac from another country. The offer had
been made by the servant of Abraham to Rivkahs family

The Biblical text states: Let us(her parents)
ASK HER MOUTH

This is the ONLY time in the Bible that this
phrase occurs(The verb ASK occurs frequently).
Apparently this phrase means
- Lets DISCUSS or LETS GET AN OPINION*10
Such an interpretation is appropriate for a marriage
decision

*5 FIND-GRACE can equally mean I WISH YOU WELL or
YOU WERE WISHED WELL. Rashi points out that GRACE
by itself has this same connotation (Without the
full phrase FIND GRACE). See LIST854g for further
details

*6 Tzade-Lamed-Ayin means SIDE (and hence can refer
to the RIBS). Thus Ex30-04 speaks about the SIDE
OF SIDES--that is the CORNER.

*7 Actually the idiom consists of two parts
- SQUEEZE the blood
- use of the passive (Blood is SQUEEZED)
Hence the idea that the slaughtered animal is
pushed against the altar wall until the blood
oozes forth.

*8 In other words the WHITE PATCHES on the skin
appear to be a DEEP WOUND (rather than a superficial
skin discoloring) *11

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 Hence the Rashi on Gn24-57b: The Biblical text
states that Rivkah responded: I WILL GO.

But Rashi, surprisingly states: I WILL GO WHETHER
YOU LIKE IT OR NOT.

Why did Rashi read such an emphasis into the simple
question and answer
------------------------------------------
PARENTS: Rivkah, Will you go with this man
RIVKAH: I will go.
------------------------------------------

The answer is that the Bible says
------------------------------------------
PARENTS: We will DISCUSS THE MATTER with her;
get her opinion
PARENTS: Rivkah, Will you go with this man
RIVKAH: I will go.
------------------------------------------

Thus the context shows that Rivkah was not
INTERESTED IN A DISCUSSION--she had already
made up her mind

*11 Rashi appears to say the following
---------------------------------------
ALL WHITE appears deep; like the SUNLIT
part appears deeper than the SHADE
---------------------------------------

But the sunlit part does NOT appear deeper than
shade. Hence we interpret this Rashi as follows

--------------------------------------------
[The skin whiteness is not speckled but]
ALL WHITE; [it appears] deep like a BURN
appears deeper than just on SURFACE OF SKIN
---------------------------------------------

By comparing the capped words in these two
interpretations of Rashi we infer that we interpret
- ChaMMaH as meaning BURN vs SUNLIT
- SHADE as referring to non-burnt skin (vs shade)
We also interpret
-- [The skin is] ALL WHITE (not speckled); It appears...
vs
-- ALL WHITE APPEARS DEEP
(This is a change in punctuation)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv14-17a
Lv14-17a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINT SUMMARY
---------------
A very popular obvious method of Biblical exegesis
is to infer nuances from repetition. A classic inference
from repetition is RESTRICTIVE interpretation.

EXAMPLE Lv14-17a
----------------
- Priest places BLOOD on EAR
- Priest places OIL on EAR ---- ON THE BLOOD

RASHI
-----
We are ALREADY told to place BLOOD on the ear and
then place OIL on the ear. The REPEATED EMPHASIS
(...ON THE BLOOD) implies that the BLOOD MUST be
first (If it just said: BLOOD ON EAR, OIL ON EAR
I would infer that you should place Blood/Oil on
ear but it doesnt really matter which comes first)
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: REPETITION
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: RESTRICTIVE MEANING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #19
SEE BELOW LIST160a
A list of inferences From REPEATED PHRASES
LIST160a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

A list of inferences     From REPEATED PHRASES
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE MEANING OF REPETITION
Nu04-04a The HOLY of HOLIES Holiest part of temple
Ex31-15a A SABBATH of SABBATHS*1 Even cooking prohibited
Lv13-49a Y-R-K-R-K (GreenReen) The GREENEST of GREENS*2
Lv13-49b A-D-M-D-M (Reded) The REDEST of REDS*2
Gn28-11a He prayed by THE PLACE..PLACE*3 >THE PLACE<=the Temple
Gn37-15a And a MAN found him..THE MAN.*4 >THE MAN<=AProphet/Angel
-------- ------------------------------- -----------------------
Lv01-08d wood on fire ON ALTAR ON ALTAR No wood protruding*5
Lv14-17a Blood on ear;Oil on ear ON BLOOD BLOOD must be first*5
COMMENTS
*1 Ex31-15b further points out that all holidays which are
referred to as >SABBATH of SABBATH< (Ex31-15, Lv23-32)
have prohibitions of both WORK and EATING. By contrast
all holidays which are only called >SABBATH< (Lv23-23
and Lv23-39) only have a prohibition of Work but not
a prohibition of COOKING. This is fully discussed at
http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h6n12.htm)


*2 This is fully discussed in http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h1n23.htm
Ibn Ezra seems to disagree and state that GReenReen means a
light green (which would contradict this list). But as I
show in that posting, Ibn Ezra retracted what he said in his
commentary on Ps45-03. In fact Ibn Ezra simply points out
that he was testing the consistency of this rule against all
doubled roots. To make a long story short we reviewed all
roots & found possible problems with only 2 verses, Ps38-11
and Songs6-1. However we can properly translate these verses
Ps38-11 would be translated as >My heart FLUTTERS (intense
back and forth motion)<; Similarly Songs6-1 would be
translated as >Dont avoid me simply because I am very
SUNBURNED (an intense form of DAWN-COLOR)<

*3 Many of the examples in this list are CONSTRUCTS
e.g. The HOLY of HOLIES. Future additions to this
list will emphasize examples similar to Lv01-08d

*4 So the repeated word MAN must refer to the narrow meaning
of the Hebrew ISH which means A DISTINGUISHED man such
as an Angel or Judge.

*5 In legal terminology the repetition creates ESSENTIALITY
- The wood is on the altar; and MUST be on the altar
- Blood on ear; oil on ear; and the blood MUST come first
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#