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               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2004
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 21 Number 20
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
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                    Produced May 2-nd, 2004

       WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Whats new and hot in this issue?
ITEM WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE
LIGHTNING THE LIGHTNING SUMMARIES*1
Rambam-rashi Rambam analysis clarifies Rashi*2
COMMENTS
*1 The most frequent complaint I get is I DONT HAVE ENOUGH
TIME TO READ YOUR VERY INTERESTING RASHI MATERIAL.

Hence, we introduced THE LIGHTNING
SUMMARIES. For each list in this issue we summarize
in ONE LINE the punchline of Rashi.

IF ALL YOU HAVE TIME FOR, IS READING 8-10 LINES THIS IS
THE PLACE TO GO!

*2 We show how the LIST  approach to Rashi clarifies
an analysis of the Kesef Mishneh and Mishneh LeMelech
on a very difficult Rambam.
LIGHTNING SUMMARIES
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10
# LIST BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES
7 854z CAST A LOT=lottery;PLACE A LOT=place ticket on winner
11 308a Sprinkle blood:ONCE on TOP/SEVEN on BOTTOM
26 106r Sprinkle Ox blood of PRIEST|NATION, 1 on top|7 on bottom
26 106s Sprinkle Ox blood of PRIEST|NATION, 1 on top|7 on bottom
26 106t DONT STEAL=DONT KIDNAP in Ex20;equals DONT STEAL in Lv19
COMMENTS

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 The explanation of the list should be clear
- The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used
All Rashi rules may be found with examples at
http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm

- The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which
contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and
includes the example presented in the third column

- The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi
with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. Thus
if all you see in the 3rd column is
------------------------------------
Aaron BLESSED=THE PRIESTLY BLESSING
------------------------------------
This means that
-- the verse states that Aaron BLESSED
-- but an OTHER VERSE indicates which BLESSING
Aaron gave (He gave the Priestly Blessing)

If the reader is now curious (s)he can review LIST210z
which shows many other examples of the OTHER VERSE method.
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== =====================================
Lv16-08a WORD MEANINGS CAST A LOT=PLACE A LOT=Do a lottery
Lv16-14a ALIGNMENT SPRINKLE 1 on top/7 on bottom
Lv16-14b ALIGNMENT SPRINKLE 1 on top/7 on bottom
Lv16-15a BULLET/PARAGRPH Both nation/priest oxen:1 top;7 bttom
Lv16-15b BULLET/PARAGRPH Both nation/priest oxen:1 top;7 bttom
Lv19-11a BULLET/PARAGRPH DONT STEAL=kidnap(Ex20);Steal(Lv19)
--------- ---------------- -------------------------------------
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv16-08a
Lv16-08a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis main goals is to explain word meaning the
same way a dictionary explains meaning. Rashi had a variety
of vehicles by which to explain meaning. Frequently Rashi
will explain new idiomatic usage of known words.

EXAMPLE Lv16-08a
----------------
There are a variety of Biblical phrases denoting
casting a lot. Some examples are
- SHOOT A LOT Jo18-06
- THROW A LOT Jo18-08
- RAISE A LOT Jo18-11
- PLACE A LOT Lv16-08
- CAST A LOT Is34-17
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS NEW MEANINGS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST854z
List of 2-3 word Biblical idioms
LIST854z
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

A List of Biblical idioms..eg FROM DAYS DAYS=YEARLY
LIST854z continues  LIST854d
VERSE BIBLICAL PHRASE TRANSLATION NOTES
Lv16-08a PLACE A LOT Have a lottery *9
Lv13-20a SHALLOW APPEARANCE DEEP wound *8 *11
Lv13-03b DEEP APPEARANCE DEEP wound *8 *11
Lv01-15c BLOOD BE SQUEEZED Squash animal on wall *7
Ex30-27f BY ITSELF BY ITSELF Equally for each one
Ex30-04a SIDE OF SIDES Corner *6
Ex14-05b CHANGE OF HEART Changed his mind
Gn43-29a FIND GRACE Wish(ed) you well *5
Gn24-57a ASK HER MOUTH Discuss/get opinions *4
Ex12-06d BETWEEN THE EVES NOON *3
Gn37-03a SON OF OLD AGE Youngest *1
Gn37-26b COVER BLOOD Conceal murder *2
Ex21-21a DAY OR DAYS 24 hours
Lv13-39a DULL WHITE DULL WHITE
COMMENTS
*1 Rashi points out 3 equally possible meanings
- Youngest son (Son born while father  was ELDERLY)
- Wisest son (ELDER=WISDOM)
- Son who resembles father (despite old age he still
looks like son)

*2 This is an example of a DOUBLE METONOMY
Blood is ASSOCIATED with life and COVER is
associated with denial. Hence COVER-BLOOD=conceal-murder

*3 NOON is the midpoint between EVE and DAWN. Hence
NOON is the BETWEEN THE EVES.

*4 The context is the proposed marriage of 15 year old
Rivkah to Isaac from another country. The offer had
been made by the servant of Abraham to Rivkahs family

The Biblical text states: Let us(her parents)
ASK HER MOUTH

This is the ONLY time in the Bible that this
phrase occurs(The verb ASK occurs frequently).
Apparently this phrase means
- Lets DISCUSS or LETS GET AN OPINION*10
Such an interpretation is appropriate for a marriage
decision

*5 FIND-GRACE can equally mean I WISH YOU WELL or
YOU WERE WISHED WELL. Rashi points out that GRACE
by itself has this same connotation (Without the
full phrase FIND GRACE). See LIST854g for further
details

*6 Tzade-Lamed-Ayin means SIDE (and hence can refer
to the RIBS). Thus Ex30-04 speaks about the SIDE
OF SIDES--that is the CORNER.

*7 Actually the idiom consists of two parts
- SQUEEZE the blood
- use of the passive (Blood is SQUEEZED)
Hence the idea that the slaughtered animal is
pushed against the altar wall until the blood
oozes forth.

*8 In other words the WHITE PATCHES on the skin
appear to be a DEEP WOUND (rather than a superficial
skin discoloring) *11

*9 The Bible uses a variety of phrases to indicate
lotteries such as
- SHOOT A LOT Jo18-06
- THROW A LOT Jo18-08
- RAISE A LOT Jo18-11
- PLACE A LOT Lv16-08
- CAST A LOT Is34-17 *12


LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 Hence the Rashi on Gn24-57b: The Biblical text
states that Rivkah responded: I WILL GO.

But Rashi, surprisingly states: I WILL GO WHETHER
YOU LIKE IT OR NOT.

Why did Rashi read such an emphasis into the simple
question and answer
------------------------------------------
PARENTS: Rivkah, Will you go with this man
RIVKAH: I will go.
------------------------------------------

The answer is that the Bible says
------------------------------------------
PARENTS: We will DISCUSS THE MATTER with her;
get her opinion
PARENTS: Rivkah, Will you go with this man
RIVKAH: I will go.
------------------------------------------

Thus the context shows that Rivkah was not
INTERESTED IN A DISCUSSION--she had already
made up her mind

*11 Rashi appears to say the following
---------------------------------------
ALL WHITE appears deep; like the SUNLIT
part appears deeper than the SHADE
---------------------------------------

But the sunlit part does NOT appear deeper than
shade. Hence we interpret this Rashi as follows

--------------------------------------------
[The skin whiteness is not speckled but]
ALL WHITE; [it appears] deep like a BURN
appears deeper than just on SURFACE OF SKIN
---------------------------------------------

By comparing the capped words in these two
interpretations of Rashi we infer that we interpret
- ChaMMaH as meaning BURN vs SUNLIT
- SHADE as referring to non-burnt skin (vs shade)
We also interpret
-- [The skin is] ALL WHITE (not speckled); It appears...
vs
-- ALL WHITE APPEARS DEEP
(This is a change in punctuation)

*12 Superficially these phrases seem to be the same
However Rashi on Lv16-08 states that PLACE A LOT
means CASTING A LOT and PLACING the WINNING/LOSING
TICKETS on the winners/losers.
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv16-14a
RASHIS COVERED: Lv16-14a Lv16-14b
Lv16-14a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
A powerful Rashi technique is the ALIGNMENT method in which
almost similar verses are aligned. The minor differences
between them sheds light on nuances and details. An equally
powerful use of alignment is to infer meaning of unknown
terms

EXAMPLE Lv16-14
---------------
The verse states
- He will spinkle [once] ON [top of] the Ark Cover
- He will sprinkle [7 times] BEFORE [on bottom]
The braketed phrases indicate the interpretation
of the nuances of the different phrases.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: ALIGNMENT
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS NUANCES
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #11
SEE BELOW LIST308a
List of NUMBER(1,7) and PLACE of Sprinkles
LIST308a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of NUMBER(1,7) and PLACE of Sprinkles
VERSE Phrase1*10 Phrase2 Phrase3 Phrase4
Lv16-14a he will sprinkle on the ark cover
Lv16-14b he will sprinkle 7 times before the ark cover
Differs *1 *2 *3 *1
COMMENTS
*1 This is the same phrase in both verses

*2 The contrast seems to be SPRINKLE SEVEN vs SPRINKLE
ONCE

*3 The contrast seems to be SPRINKLE ON TOP vs ON BOTTOM

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 We have reversed the verse order for purposes
of illustrating the alignment
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv16-15a
RASHIS COVERED: Lv16-15a Lv16-15b
Lv16-15a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Rashi frequently infers conclusions from the OVERALL
PARAGRAPH structure and its development style

EXAMPLE Lv16-06:15
------------
- TOPIC: YOM KIPPUR OFFERINGS

-- (Lv16-06) Aaron OFFERS the OX OF THE HIGH PRIEST
---(Lv16-07:10)--------------- Aaron casts lot on 2 goats
---(Lv16-09) ----------------- Goat with lot to God=NATION-GOAT
---(Lv16-11) Aaron SLAUGHTERS the OX-of-HIGH PRIEST
---(Lv16-12:13)------------------- Aaron offers incense
---(Lv16-14) Aaron SPRINKLES OX-of-HIGH-PRIEST BLOOD
------------ He Sprinkles once on top and 7 on bottom
---(Lv16-15) Aaron offers GOAT of NATION--
------------ He does to it exactly like to Blood of Ox

Rashi illuminates the complicated nested paragraph structure
We see clearly 2-3 themes woven in this  paragraph
- The theme of the OX-PRIEST offering
- The theme of the INCENSE offering
- The theme of the GOAT-NATION offering
As can be seen, verses, 6,11,14 form one paragraph
explaining what is done to the OX-PRIEST. Verse 15
then tells us to treat the blood of the GOAT-NATION
exactly like they treat the blood of the OX-PRIEST
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: BULLETS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS BULLETING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #26
SEE BELOW LIST106r
Outline of Yom Kippur Ceremony
----------------------- -----------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST106s
Outline of Yom Kippur Ceremony
LIST106r
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Outline of               Yom Kippur Ceremony
LIST106r continues in LIST106s
PROCEDURE Done to OX of HIGH PRIEST Do to NATION GOAT
TAKE it Lv16-04 Lv16-05
OFFER it Lv16-06,Lv16-11 Lv16-09
SLAUGHTER it Lv16-11 Lv16-15
SPRINKLE Blood Lv16-14*1 Lv16-15*1
COMMENTS
*1 From the parallel paragraphs Rashi infers that
BOTH the OX of the HIGH PRIEST as well as the
GOAT of the NATION had an identical blood
ceremony: ONCE on TOP and SEVEN on BOTTOM
LIST106s
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Outline of               Yom Kippur Ceremony
LIST106s continues LIST106r
VERSE PRIEST OX GOAT OF NATION*1 TOPIC OF VERSE
Lv16-03 Take OX
Lv16-04 Priestly clothes
Lv16-05 Take GOATS
Lv16-06 Offer OX
Lv16-07 Lottery on Goats
Lv16-08 Lottery on Goats
Lv16-09 Goat for sin offering
Lv16-10 Other goat
Lv16-11 Slaugther
Lv16-12 Incense
Lv16-13 Incense
Lv16-14 Blood*2
Lv16-15 Blood sprinkling*2
COMMENTS
*1 Notice how their are THREE paragraph procedures
interwoven with each other. Together they say that
- an OX for the HIGH PRIEST will be offered
- a GOAT for the NATION will be offered
- The blood of both the OX and GOAT is treated
the same way

*2 The blood is sprinkled ONCE ON TOP and
SEVEN on BOTTOM
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv19-11a
Lv19-11a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Rashi frequently infers conclusions from the OVERALL
PARAGRAPH structure and its development style

EXAMPLE Lv19 vs Ex20
--------------------
Both Lv19-11 and Ex20-13 contain the prohibition of
theft. However the CONTEXT of Lv19 is MONETARY LAWS
while the CONTEXT of Ex20 are CAPITAL CRIMES. Hence,
because of context, we interpret the DONT STEAL in
Ex20 as a prohibition of KIDNAPPING(Which carries
a death penalty) while the DONT STEAL in Lv19
is interpreted monetarily. This inference from paragraph
context is further amplified below
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: BULLETS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS BULLETING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #26
SEE BELOW LIST106t
List of Topics in Lv19 vs Ex20
LIST106t
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of                  Topics in Lv19 vs Ex20
VERSE TEXT OF VERSES VERSE VERSE TEXT
Lv19-09 Leave over gleanings for poor Ex20-02 Gods existence
Lv19-10 Leave over gleanings for Poor Ex20-03:06 No idolatry
Lv19-11 No theft*1 Ex20-13 No theft*1
Lv19-12 No oaths (of denial) Ex20-07 False oaths
Lv19-13 Dont withold wages Ex20-08:11 Sabbath
Lv19-14 No obstacles before blind Ex20-12 Honor parents
Lv19-15 No favoritism in justice
Ex20-13 No adultery
Lv19-16 Protect peoples lives Ex20-13 No murder
Ex20-14 No coveting
Lv19-17 No hatred; do rebuke
Lv19-18 Love thy neighbor as thyself
COMMENTS
*1 Rashis exact language is as follows
-------------------------------------------------
The NO THEFT prohibitgion in Lv19 occurs in a context
and paragraph of MONETARY LAWS while the NO THEFT in
Ex20 occurs in a context of CAPITAL CRIMES. Hence the
NO THEFT in Ex20 is interpreted (because of context)
to refer to KIDNAPPING (A capital crime of  theft)
--------------------------------------------------

To analyze this Rashi we follow the Kesef Mishneh and
Mishneh LeMelech commentary to Rambam Laws of Theft 1:1

It is pointed out that CAPITAL CRIMES do exist in
Lv19 (For example Lv19-16: Protect peoples lives;
similarly  Lv19-12 prohibits OATHS which can have
capital implications).

On the other side, Ex20-12 only asks to HONOR PARENTS
While there IS a capital crime if you CURSE your parents
most violations of HONORING PARENTS dont carry a death
penalty.

Hence it  would be shallow to interpret Rashi as claiming
that ALL of Lv19 is MONETARY and ALL of Ex20 is CAPITAL

The deep and mature way to analyze these two chapters is
as follows:
- The PREDOMINANT MOOD of Lv19 is monetary--most of  the
laws: charity to poor, theft, witholding, rebuke, helping
peoples lives are monetary in nature.

- By contrast, the PREDOMINANT MOOD of Ex20 is CAPITAL --
most of the laws: idolatry, Sabbath, murder, adultery
have a capital COMPONENT (Some aspect which carries a
death penalty).

Hence the proper way to interpret the NO THEFT prohibitions
in these two chapters is as follows:
- NO THEFT in Lv19 refers ONLY to monetary theft
- NO THEFT in Ex20 refers to ALL TYPES OF THEFT--both
monetary and kidnapping.
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#