Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2004 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 21 Number 23 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h21n23.htm ----------------------------------- Produced May 11-th, 2004 WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
Whats new and hot in this issue? | ||
ITEM | WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE | |
DATABASE | Many examples of Rashis database techniques |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10 | |||
# | LIST | BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES fa | |
27 | 605w | SPEAK TO vs SPEAK TO & TELL ABOUT THEM=Adults train children | |
27 | 605x | Unclean thru a)Touch b)Lifting c)Come into d)Fall into e)Sit | |
27 | 605y | I AM GOD said in commandment if performance is non-public | |
27 | 605z | Only 5 animals brought as offerings:Lamb,Ox,Goat,2 bird types | |
27 | 606a | TELL AARON...TELL AARON/JEWS::Jewish court lookover Priests | |
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*10 The explanation of the list should be clear - The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used All Rashi rules may be found with examples at http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm - The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and includes the example presented in the third column - The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. Thus if all you see in the 3rd column is ------------------------------------ Aaron BLESSED=THE PRIESTLY BLESSING ------------------------------------ This means that -- the verse states that Aaron BLESSED -- but an OTHER VERSE indicates which BLESSING Aaron gave (He gave the Priestly Blessing) If the reader is now curious (s)he can review LIST210z which shows many other examples of the OTHER VERSE method. |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ===================================== | |
Lv21-01a | DATABASE | SPEAK TO vs SPEAK TO;TELL ABOUT THEM | |
Lv21-11a | DATABASE | Unclean thru touch,lift,come to,fall | |
Lv22-03d | DATABASE | I AM GOD stated if command not public | |
Lv22-19b | DATABASE | Only five OFFERING animals:Lamb,Ox.. | |
Lv21-24b | DATABASE | Tell AARON...Tell AARON/JEWS | |
Lv21-24a | DATABASE | Tell AARON...Tell AARON/JEWS | |
--------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------------- |
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VERSE: Lv21-01a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Rashi frequently comments by making broad database queries and noting patterns. EXAMPLE-Lv21-01a ------------------------- We make a query of Gods commands to give instructions We find three command phrasings: - God can say TELL THEM - God can say TELL THEM TO SAY OVER - Or God can say TELL THEM...SPEAK ABOUT THEM - TELL THEM is used in one-time situations or rare situations - TELL THEM TO SAY OVER is used on items that people should be educated on - TELL THEM ..SPEAK ABOUT THEM is used on basic religious principles---the idea seems to be that we should tell them(eg the adults tell children) A review of actual verses bears out this trichotomy | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | DATABASES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | DATABASES | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #27 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST605w | |
Query of | How God instructs to command people |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
Query of How God instructs to command people | |||
VERSE | PHRASE | COMMAND | |
Ex25-02 | Speak to Jews*1 | Take Teruma | |
Ex14-15 | Speak to Jews*1 | Leave Egypt Go To sea | |
Nu05-06 | Speak to Jews*1 | if you sin, confess | |
------ | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | |
Ex31-13 | Speak to Jews To say*2 | Observe Sabbath | |
Nu16-24 | Speak to Jews to say(over)*2 | Warning about Korach | |
Nu06-23 | Speak to Aaron to say(over)*2 | Priestly blessing | |
------ | ------------------------------ | ------------------ | |
Lv18-02 | Speak to Jews-Say about them*3 | Sexual immorality | |
Lv19-02 | Speak to Jews-Say about them*3 | Holiness | |
Lv23-02 | Speak to Jews-Say about them*3 | Holidays | |
Lv21-01a | Speak to Priests-Say about them | Priest laws | |
Lv01-02 | Speak to Jews-Say about them*3 | Sacrifices | |
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*1 TELL THEM is used in one-time or rare situations *2 TELL THEM TO SAY OVER is used in items that you want people educated on *3 TELL THEM...SAY ABOUT THEM is used in items that have fundamental religious value---it seems to indicate that the adults should tell THEM (eg instruct the children)*10 | |||
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*10 We should compare the method of this list(DATABASES) to traditional Rashi methods. Traditional Rashi methods emphasize the QUESTION and the DISTINCTION. They would infer the above by examining the nuances of TO SAY OVER or TO SAY ABOUT THEM. In the database method however we emphasize two additional points - we emphasize that the distinction is used over and over again - we emphasize that the nuances of different phrases does not just come from examining phraseology itself but also by examining the content of the verses associated with them |
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VERSE: Lv21-11a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Rashi frequently comments by making broad database queries and noting patterns. EXAMPLE-Lv21-11a ------------------------- We make a query of methods of transmission of uncleanness We find 4 methods - TOUCHING something unclean - LIFTING something unclean - SLEEPING/SITTING on something unclean - COMING INTO a house with something unclean - FALLING INTO the space of an eartheware vessel Hence, the language COME TO UNCLEANNESS denotes a specific method--coming into the same room with uncleanness(Rashi Lv21-11a) | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | DATABASES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | DATABASES | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #27 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST605x | |
Query of | 5 methods by which things become unclean |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
Query of 5 methods by which things become unclean | ||
METHOD | SUPPORTING VERSE | |
TOUCHING something unclean | Lv11-24,39 Nu19-16 | |
LIFTING something unclean | Lv11-25,40 | |
SLEEPING/SITTING on something unclean | Lv15-04,06 Lv16-20 | |
COMING INTO a house with something unclean | Lv14-46 Nu19-14*1 | |
FALLING INTO earthenware vessel airspace | Lv11-33 Nu19-15 | |
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*1 Hence, the language COME TO UNCLEANNESS denotes a specific method--coming into the same room with uncleanness(Rashi Lv21-11a) |
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VERSE: Lv22-03d
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Rashi frequently comments by making broad database queries and noting patterns. EXAMPLE Lv22-03d ------------------------- We make a query of when I AM GOD is stated in a commandment We find that I AM GOD (or FEAR GOD I AM GOD) is stated in a Biblical commandment if its performance is private not public. In such a case there is no fear of people for violation. Hence the Torah emphasizes I AM GOD to let people know that God is watching over them. A further subtlety revealed in the attached list is that if the commandment performance is TOTALLY HIDDEN then the fuller phrase FEAR THE LORD I AM GOD is used. Details are compactly presented in the list below. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | DATABASES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | DATABASES | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #27 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST605y | |
Query of | When I AM GOD stated in commandments |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
Query of When I AM GOD stated in commandments | ||
VERSE | COMMANDMENT INVOLVED *1 | |
Lv18-03 | Sexual sins | |
Lv19-02 | Holiness obligations | |
Lv19-04 | Prohibition of making personal idols | |
Lv19-16 | Dont avoid saving your friend if he is in danger | |
Nu15-41 | Making Tzitzith to REMIND ONE OF ALL COMMANDMENTS | |
------ | ---------------------------------------------- | |
Lv19-14 | Dont put a stumbling block before the blind*10 | |
Lv19-32 | Stand before the elderly*10 | |
Lv25-17 | Dont tease people*10 | |
Lv25-36 | Dont (directly) take interest on loans*10 | |
Lv25-43 | Dont overwork your slave*10 | |
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*1 All the commandments and prohibitions in this list have an element of HIDDENNESS. They are not sins in public (For example if you arent wearing Tzitzith it is something public but the fact that you dont use the tzitzith to remind you of the other commandments is private). Hence since ONLY GOD can see what you do in private the commandment concludes I AM GOD *10 In this case the commandment to wear Tzitzith is coupled with the requirement that the Tzitzith remind one of all commandments of God | ||
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*10 There are five commandments that have the fuller phrase FEAR YOUR LORD I AM GOD -- in these 5 commandments the performance is TOTALLY HIDDEN (While in the other commandments there is a HIDDEN and PUBLIC component) Let us look at a few examples: - Whether I wear Tzitzith is a public phenomena; Wheter they remind me of all the commandments is private - Sexual sins are usually privately done, though a few people know about them By contrast - The difference between teasing someone and giving constructive criticism is TOTALLY HIDDEN (dependent on intention) and not public - The difference between OVERWORKING a slave and giving him meaningful assignments is TOTALLY A MATTER OF INTENTION. So indeed I AM GOD, and FEAR YOUR LORD I AM GOD are said on commandments that have some, or total, aspects of hiddenness |
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VERSE: Lv22-19b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Rashi frequently comments by making broad database queries and noting patterns. EXAMPLE ------------------------- We make a query of what types of animals are used in offerings We find that ONLY the following five types of animals are used - Lamb-Ram - Ox - Goat - Adult Tor bird - Child Dove bird It follows from this list that Lv22-19b which states --------------------------------------------------- Offerings should be desirable--unblemised males from - ox - lamb - goat ---------------------------------------------------- only applies to animals not to birds. That is the requirement of UNBLEMISHEDNESS only applies to animals not to birds | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | DATABASES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | DATABASES | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #27 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST605z | |
Query of | 5 animal types used in offerings |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
Query of 5 animal types used in offerings | ||
Animal type*1 | Several Biblical Paragraphs where mentioned | |
Ox | Lv01-01:09 Lv03-01:05 Lv04-01:21 | |
Lamb-Ram | Lv01-10:13 Lv03-06:11 Lv04-32:35 | |
Goat | Lv01-10:13 Lv03-12:17 Lv04-22:31 | |
Tor Bird | Lv01-14:17 '*2 Lv05-07:10 | |
Dove Bird | Lv01-14:17 ' Lv05-07:10 | |
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*1 It follows from this list that Lv22-19b which states --------------------------------------------------- Offerings should be desirable--unblemised males from - ox - lamb - goat ---------------------------------------------------- only applies to animals not to birds. That is the requirement of UNBLEMISHEDNESS only applies to animals not to birds (Rashi also mentions that birds cannot be missing a limb; this is derived from other verses and will be discussed elesewhere) *2 This list is useful for making other inferences For example: There are no PEACE offerings (Lv03) from BIRDS. |
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VERSE: Lv21-24b
RASHIS COVERED: Lv21-24a Lv21-24b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Rashi frequently comments by making broad database queries and noting patterns. EXAMPLE ------------------------- We make a query of OPENING/CLOSING lines in Commandments: To WHOM were these commandments to be addressed. We find that - There are only 8 commandments that God told Moses to tell Aaron - All but one of these commandments have an OPENING line but not a CLOSING line(The opening line says: Tell the priests) - One commandment has an OPENING and CLOSING line OPENING LINE: Tell the priests CLOSING LINE: Moses told priests AND JEWS The context and contrast then suggests that the Jews were told in order to oversee the Priests. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | DATABASES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | DATABASES | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #27 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST606a | |
Query of | Openings/closings in 8 Commands to Priests |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-03 | |||
Query of Openings/closings in 8 Commands to Priests | |||
VERSE | CLOSING VERSE | Topic of Biblical Command/Paragraph | |
Lv06-17:23 | *1 | Offerings | |
Lv16-01:31 | Yom Kippur | ||
Lv17-01:07 | *2 | Offerings outside Temple | |
Lv21-16:24 | Jews | Priestly blemishes | |
Lv22-01:16 | Blemished priests can eat offerings | ||
Lv22-17:25 | *2 | Dont offer blemished animals | |
Nu06-22:27 | Priestly blessing | ||
Nu08-01:04 | Construction of Candellabrah | ||
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*1 This paragraph actually continues to Lv07-21 *2 In these paragraphs the opening line is ---------------------------------- Tell Aaron/Priests and Jews ---------------------------------- In the other paragraphs the opening line is ---------------------------- Tell Aaron/Priests ---------------------------- *3 This is the only chapter with a CLOSING LINE. The contrast of the OPENING/CLOSING line is as follows -OPENING LINE: God tells Moses to tell Aaron -CLOSING LINE: Moses tells Aaron and Jews From the contrast we infer that Moses told the Jews in order to oversee the Priests*10 *11 | |||
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*10 This Rashi is remarkably consistent with the following law cited by the Rambam ------------------------------------------ The Sanhedrin was located in the Temple Chambers since one of its primary functions was to check Priestly blemishes!!! ------------------------------------------ *11 We should emphasize how the approach of this email group differs from traditional approaches to Rashi. Traditional approaches to Rashi emphasize the EXTRA WORD--they would argue that the Biblical text states ------------------------------ God told Aaron and the JEWS ------------------------------ Traditional Rashiists might also emphasize the CONTRAST ALIGNMENT of the opening and closing verses showing that while the command was stated to Aaron nevertheless it was told to Aaron and the Jews. Our email group further emphasizes the Database Query: - What do OTHER commandments to Aaron look like. Remarkably NONE of the other commandments has a closing line. When we add to this the unusual closing line in this paragraph, that AARON AND THE JEWS are addressed, the Rashi becomes punchier and deeper---apparently the Jews were told to oversee the priests. |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#