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               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2004
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 22 Number 20
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
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               http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h22n20.htm
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                    Produced July 28-th, 2004

       WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#
OVERVIEW OF HILIGHTS IN THIS ISSUE
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Whats new and hot in this issue?
ITEM WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE
COMING SOON The FAQ will be posted on website soon
NOVELTY ANF=GENERAL anger;HITHANAF=SPECIFIC anger
COMMENTS

LONGER FOOTNOTES

LIGHTNING SUMMARIES
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10
# LIST BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES
9 901g ANF = angry; HITHANAF = take out on someone(anger+consequence)
3 270a Observe Sabbath(Dt05-12b) cites Ex16-23 (No cook on Sabbath)
7 050d TO MIRACLE means TO MAKE MIRACLES for a nation
7 955a ChTzV= Dig pit in ROCK; CRH = dig pit in LAND
COMMENTS

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 The explanation of the list should be clear
- The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used
All Rashi rules may be found with examples at
http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm

- The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which
contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and
includes the example presented in the third column

- The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi
with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used.
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== =====================================
Dt05-12b OTHER VERSES Decalog Sabbath laws told at Manna
Dt05-16a OTHER VERSES Decalog Sabbath laws told at Manna
Dt04-21a ROOT+PREPOSITIO ANF=anger; HithAnaf=To take out on
Lv11-19b ROOT+PREPOSITIO ANF=anger; HithAnaf=To take out on
Dt01-37a ROOT+PREPOSITIO ANF=anger; HithAnaf=To take out on
Dt04-34a GRAMMARr To MIRACLE = to CREATE a miracle
Ex27-03b GRAMMARr To MIRACLE = to CREATE a miracle
Dt06-11a SYNONYMS ChTzV=dig pit in STONE;CRH=dig in lnd
Ex21-31a SYNONYMS ChTzV=dig pit in STONE;CRH=dig in lnd
Ex21-31b SYNONYMS ChTzV=dig pit in STONE;CRH=dig in lnd
--------- ---------------- -------------------------------------
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt05-12b
RASHIS COVERED: Dt05-12b Dt05-16a
Dt05-12b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis main methods is the skillful use of
cross-references to illuminate other verses.

EXAMPLE Dt05-12b Dt05-16a
-----------------------------------------
- Dt05-16a Honor ones parents AS GOD COMMANDED YOU
- Dt05-12b Observe the Sabbath AS COMMANDED YOU (At Decalogue)
- Ex16-23 Dont cook or bake on Shabbath (Prior to decalogue)
- Ex15-25:26 Moses established laws to follow (Prior to decalogue)

Thus the commandment to observe Sabbath in Dt05-12b cross references
commandments given to Jews right after the Exodus in Ex15-25. Of the
two commandments cross referenced-- SABBATH is explicitly mentioned
in Exodus while HONORING ONES PARENTS ISNT.

However Ex12, Ex15 and Ex16 are the only places in the Torah where
Commandments were given to the Jews prior to the decalogue. Since
the commandments in Ex12 seem specific to the Passover therefore
it is logical to assume that the cross reference (without any
explicit source) refers to Ex15 and Ex16 especially since other
references in the Decalogue refer to these chapters.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS OTHER VERSES
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS CITATIONS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #3
SEE BELOW LIST270a
List of verse pairs with one verse citing the other
LIST270a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of verse pairs      with one verse citing the other
VERSE-1 TEXT OF VERSE VERSE-2 CITATION
Dt05-12b Observe the Sabbah*3 Ex16-23 Dont cook on Sabbath
Dt05-16a Honor ones parents*3 Ex15-25 Moses gave laws*3
Lv09-15a Make NATION sin offering Lv09-08 like that of PRIEST*2
Ex06-04b Promise to give Israel Gn17-08 I will give Israel
Ex08-11b Pharoh no listen to signs Ex07-03 Pharoh wont listen
Ex08-15b Pharoh no listen to signs Ex07-03 Pharoh wont listen
Ex12-25b God brings you to Israel Ex06-08 God will give Israel
Ex13-11b God brings us to Israel Ex06-08 God will give Israel
Ex14-12a Jews prefer Egypt Ex05-21 Dont ask Pharoh
Dt15-06a Blessed if observe law Dt28-03 You will be blessed*1
COMMENTS
*1 The preceding chapter and paragraphs speak about the
requirement to observe the law

*2 The actual verse Lv09-15 states
-------------------------------------------
Make the nation sin offering LIKE THE FIRST
-------------------------------------------

By referring to Lv09-08 we learn that the phrase
LIKE THE FIRST means LIKE THE FIRST SIN OFFERING --
THE ONE OFFERED FOR THE PRIEST (Since there were
2 sin offerings--one for the PRIEST and one for
the NATION)

*3 Here is a more complete story
------------------------------------------------------
- Dt05-12b states Observe Sabbath AS GOD COMMANDED YOU
- Ex16-23 states THIS IS WHAT GOD HAD SAID:Dont cook
on Sabbath
------------------------------------------------------
So both verses seem to be referring to something else

An investigation shows that Ex12, Ex16-23 and Ex15-25:26
are the only times that the Jews received commandments
prior to the decalogue. But Ex12 specifically refers to
Passover commandments. Thus it seems reasonable that
the cryptic reference AS GOD COMMANDED YOU in Dt05-12b
is CITING Ex15-25:26 where God gave GENERAL COMMANDMENTS
A similar argument would support the conjecture that
- Dt05-16a HONOR YOUR PARENTS AS GOD COMMANDED YOU
cites Ex15-25:26
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt04-21a
RASHIS COVERED: Dt04-21a Lv11-19b Dt01-37a
Dt04-21a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main tasks is to explain meaning. Rashi
had a variety of vehicles to explain. Rashi would
frequently show how different grammatical modes correspond
to different nuances of the same word.

Rashi had a variety of vehicles to explain grammar.
For example Rashi could note the different nuances
of different grammatical modes. Rashi could also
explain how contrasting use of singular-plural implies
nuances.

EXAMPLE ANF vs HITHANAF (Dt04-21a Lv11-19b Dt01-37a)
----------------------------------------------------
The root Aleph-Nun-Pay means ANGER.
- In the active(KAL) mode it means GENERAL ANGER
- In the interactive(Hithpael)mode it means SPECIFIC
ANGER--that is, anger that leads to specific actions

Hence verses with ANF
- in the ACTIVE mode typically do not specify specific
consequences of the anger
- in the INTERACTIVE mode typically specify specific
consequences of the anger
The list below illustrates this.

We would therefore translate as follows
- ANF means ANGRY
- HITHANAF means TO TAKE OUT ON
This is approximate but closely accurate
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS ROOT+PREPOSITION
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW LIST901g
List of verses with root A-N-F = Angry;take it out on him
LIST901g
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of verses with root A-N-F = Angry;take it out on him*1
VERSE MODE TEXT OF VERSE WITH TRANSLATION OF a-n-f CAPPED
1K08-46 ACTIVE When they sin and You are ANGRY they will pray
P060-03 ACTIVE God you have been ANGRY; return to us
Is12-01 ACTIVE I will Praise You even though You are ANGRY
Lv11-19b ACTIVE The ANGRY-BIRD
----- ---- ---------------------------------------
Dt09-20 INTERACTIVE God TOOK IT OUT on Aaron to destroy him
1K11-09 INTERACTIVE God TOOK IT OUT on Solomon;lost reign
Dt04-21a INTERACTIVE God TOOK IT OUT on me--no come to Israel
Dt01-37a INTERACTIVE God TOOK IT OUT on me--no come to Israel
COMMENTS
*1 A-N-F
-- in the ACTIVE mode means ANGRY
-- in the INTERACTIVE mode means TAKE IT OUT ON SOMEONE

In other words YOU WORK YOUR ANGER UP till you take it
out on someone.

Hence
- verses in ACTIVE typically speak about GENERAL ANGER
- verses in INTERACTIVE typically speak about a SPECIFIC
ANGER which resulted in a specific activity

The list examples illustrate this.

Throughout we translate the HITHPAEL mode as INTERACTIVE
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt04-34a
RASHIS COVERED: Dt04-34a Ex27-03b
Dt04-34a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals is to explain meaning the same
way a dictionary explains meaning. Rashi had a variety
of vehicles to explain meaning In todays posting we
examine 3 methods of transforming NOUNS (Objects) to
VERBS (Activities).

EXAMPLE Ex27-03b
----------------
DESHEN means DUST; LeDaShayN means TO DUST(To REMOVE dust)


EXAMPLE Dt04-34a
----------------
NayS means MIRACLE. LeNayS means to CREATE miracles for
someone


EXAMPLE
-------
HAMMAR is an object. To HAMMAR means to USE the object
in the traditional way it is used.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 8 METHODS OF NAMING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST050d
List of words with NOUN and VERB forms(TO-STRAW straw)
LIST050d
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of words with       NOUN and VERB forms*10
NOUN-VERB VERB Means TYPE
To Miracle To make miracles for someone Create*9
To Plant Creation (planting) of plants Create
To record To Create a record Create
To milk To Create(bring forth) milk Create
To fire*1 To Create a fire(e.g.in a furnace) Create
To build To Create a building Create
To worm To produce/bring forth Worms*2 Create
To BORDER To make borders*3 Create
EMBROIDER Make embroidery*4 Create
--------- ------------------------------------ --------
To dust Removal of dust *5 Remove
To UpRoot To remove the roots(from the ground) Remove
To DeFrost To remove the frost Remove
Blood*6 To remove the blood (ie to KILL) Remove
--------- ------------------------------------ --------
To hammar Do Standard activity done with hammar Standard
To screw Do Standard activity done with screws Standard
To fan Do Standard activity done with a Fan Standard
To Dough Do standard activity with DOUGH*7 Standard
To Fly FLYING-Standard activity of Housefly Standard
To Straw GATHER straw(Standard straw activity)*8 Standard
COMMENTS
*1 eg To FIRE a furnace

*2 Ex16-20b

*3 Ex19-12a

*4 Ex28-39a EMBROIDER the pants of LINEN
means make them embroidered

*5 Nu04-13b, Ex27-03b

*6 Lv17-04a

*7 As we have explained it TO DOUGH would mean
to BAKE. Actually we need another step. A verb
can refer to its ACTIVITY FORM. So the 2 steps are
- DOUGH becomes TO DOUGH=to BAKE
- TO DOUGH becomes TO SWELL (form of DOUGH rising)
See LIST814a for more details

*8 Ex05-07a Ex05-07b

*9 Dt04-34a (Has any gOD MADE MIRACLES the way Your
God has ...)
LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10
We present 3 methods by which OBJECTS (Nouns) acquire
ACTIVITY (verb) meaning
- eg To RECORD = to CREATE a RECORD
- eg To DUST   = to REMOVE dust
- eg To HAMMER = do STANDARD ACTIVITY of hammar
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt06-11a
RASHIS COVERED: Dt06-11a Ex21-31a Ex21-31b
Dt06-11a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals was the explanation of meaning
the same way a dictionary explains meaning. Rashi had a
variety of vehicles to explain meaning.

Ex21-31a,Ex21-31b, Dt06-11a SYNONYMS
------------------------------------
- PTaCH BOR = OPEN a pit;
- YCRH BOR= DIG a pit
- ChTzV BOR = DIG a pit IN STONE
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS SYNONYMS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST955a
List of Synonym pairs-differ minutely
LIST955a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of                Synonym pairs-differ minutely*1
VERSE WORD BASIC IDEA NUANCES
Dt06-11a ChTzV Dig Pit DIG pit IN STONE
Ex21-31a PTaCH Dig Pit OPEN the pit(previously dug)
Ex21-31b CaReH Dig Pit DIG the pit (CREATE it)
Ex15-16a AyMaH Fear ANXIETY(Long term fear)*12
Ex15-16b PaChaD Fear FEAR(Short term fear)*12
Ex05-07b L-V-N To Build BRICKS used for building
Ex05-07a T-V-N To Build STRAW used for building
Ex01-07a S-R-Tz Reproduce Reproduce alot*9 *11
Gn47-23a HAY HERE I am giving this to you*8
Gn43-28a KiDaH BOW BOW
Gn43-28a SaChaH BOW PROSTRATE
Gn15-05a NBT SEE To FACE a situation
Gn29-17b TOAR Good looks Good FIGURE
Gn29-17c MAREH Good looks Good LOOKS
Lv15-03a R-R To SPILL To OOZE out*1
Lv14-41a YQTzA To CUT To SANDPAPER*2
Lv11-35a KIRaIM STOVES OVEN*3
Lv02-05a MChVT Pots FRYING-PAN:Pot*4
Lv02-07a MRChST Pots FRYING-PAN:Pot*4
Lv13-02a SAYTH White SNOW-WHITE:CLOUD-WHITE*5
Lv13-02b BHRT White SNOW-WHITE:CLOUD-WHITE*5
Dt24-06a RChIM Grindstone Bottom vs Top Grindstone*6
Dt24-06b RCV Grindstone Top vs Bottom Grindstone*6
Ex31-18a KIYOR BASIN Vat:Sprinkler*7
COMMENTS
*1 This root occurs very infrequently We have
- Lv15-03a oozing (RR) of sexual secretions
- 1S21-14 (Spittle)
- Jb06-06(Oozing of plants or spittle)

*2 Thus YQTziA doesnt just refer to ANY CUTTING but
rather to SANDPAPERING. Hence this root can
also refer to CORNERS and EDGES
(which get their distinctness from being SANDPAPERED)

*3 I used an English analogy. Actually TNUR vs CIRaYIM
seem to refer to a ONE-burner vs a TWO-Burner
hot plate. I am not actually sure on all details*10

*4 Both of these are pots. One is shallow--the type
used for frying. The other is deep--the type
used for rich cooking*10

*5 These are two shades of white. I dont know if analogies
exist in English (CLOUD-WHITE or
SNOW-WHITE vs MARBLE WHITE)*10

*6 I dont believe English has technical terms for the TOP
vs the Bottom grindstone*10

*7 Again there are no English words. The Kaph-Vuv-Resh
refers to a VAT that can hold about 200 Gallons

By contrast the Kaph-Yud-Vuv-Resh refers to a hugh
TANK of water with faucet holes. This TANK was
used to wash hands and legs in the temple (The water
sprinkled out of the holes and washed the person)

*8 HAY only occurs twice in the Bible (The other occurence
is at Ez16-43). The difference between HAY and HINAY
seems to be that
- You use HINAY (HERE) when the object you are giving
is actually there
- You use HAY (HERE) when the object you are giving
is not necessarily physically there but accessible.
Hence since Joseph said HERE, I AM GIVING YOU SEED,
and was referring to SEED he possessed (but not
seed that he had immediately before him) we use
the word HAY not HINAY. (This suggested difference
is conjectural; there are verses with Hinay that
would seem to contradict it--if so HAY and HINAY
would simply be two synonyms with the same meaning)

*9 So eg REPRODUCE and INSECTIFY both have the same
basic meaning of HAVING CHILDREN. But INSECTIFY
has the added nuance of having MANY CHILDREN

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 I believe Rashis basic thrust in all these verses is
explaining items that are ALMOST similar in meaning
but have some subtle nuance (Like STOVE OVEN).

However Rashi goes further and gives etymologies of
some of these words eg
- SeAyTh = CLOUD WHITE (From NaSiH=cloud)
- MaChaVath= FRYING PAN (Has a rim that HIDES(Cheth-Bet)
- MaRCheSeth= Deep Cooking Pan(food BUBBLES (RaChSh))
- RCV=Top Grindstone that RIDES(RCV) on the other grindstone
There are more etymologies; some of these have been
discussed elsewhere. I believe these are the basic ones.

*11 Rashi-s actual language is
-----------------------------------------
S-R-Tz means to have 6 children at a time
-----------------------------------------
The number 6 has sent the Rashi commentators
into a frenzy. Some Rashi commentators derive
the number 6 from the 6 verbs in Ex01-07
- (1) The Jews REPRODUCED
- (2) and INSECTIFIED
- (3) and MULTIPLIED
- (4) and became HUMONGOUS
- (5) ALOT
- (6) ALOT
However a simpler approach to Rashi is the following
- The word INSECTIFY means HAVE CHILDREN LIKE INSECTS
- So INSECTIFY means HAVE AS MANY CHILDREN AS YOU CAN
- But the maxmimum children a woman can have is 6
- So Rashi-is-Simple

*12 e.g. Gn15-12 Abraham had ANXIETY on the vision of
what would happen to him over the next 400 years
vs. Dt28-66 You will FEAR Day and NIGHT.

(It is hard to prove exact nuances from the
verses--it may be more precise to state that
AYMAH is NON-SPECIFIC ANXIETY while PACHAD is
SPECIFIC FEAR. This would be consistent with
the etymology of AYMAH = AY MAH = WHERE IS IT?
WHAT WILL HAPPEN -- that is, ANXIETY is a state
of excessive concern on what will happen without
being specific.)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#