Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2004 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 23 Number 14 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h23n14.htm ----------------------------------- Produced Sep 28 th, 2004 WARNING: USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
Whats new and hot in this issue? | ||
ITEM | WHATS NEW & HOT IN THIS ISSUE | |
HAPPY SUCCOTH | Rashi-is-Simple will resume AFTER Succoth | |
COMING SOON | The FAQ will be posted on website during SCCTH | |
Happy Nu Year | Happy New Year to all who learn Rashi*1 | |
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*1 Hi. Instead of writing personally & individually to each of my friends, most of which are on Rashi is Simple, I am simply wishing you all a very....*10 | ||
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*10 -------------------------------------------------------- # # # ##### ##### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ##### ##### # ##### ######### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ##### # # # ## # # # # # # # # # # ## # # # # #### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # ## ##### # # # # #### # ##### # # # # # # # # # # # # ##### # # ### ###### # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #### # # # # Russell http://www.RashiYomi.com/ --------------------------------------------------------- |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10 | |||
# | LIST | BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES | |
25 | 606d | Vulnerable creatures(bird/human)BLESSED:Others(Sun,Plant)-Not | |
14 | 510a | Noach took 2 NON-KOSHER animals but 7 KOSHER animals | |
7 | 050d | TO MEADOW means to CREATE a meadow (NOUN-VERB transformations) | |
7 | 910h | The --- SharpLight ---- was a CHILLY RIVER RAPIDS | |
7 | 910m | INSECTS ($RC) are PARADIGMS(=$) of RUNNERS(=rc) | |
7 | 862f | Root &$H = to MAKE, CREATE, FIX, ACQUIRE, DO, SQUEEZE | |
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*10 The explanation of the list should be clear - The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used All Rashi rules may be found with examples at http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm - The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and includes the example presented in the third column - The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ===================================== | |
Gn01-22a | DATABASE | Hunted animals needed blessing | |
Gn06-19b | RabbiIshmael | 7 Kosher animals;2 Non-Kosher animals | |
Gn01-11b | WORD MEANING | To MEADOW;SharpLight water;make=fix | |
Gn02-14a | WORD MEANING | To MEADOW;SharpLight water;make=fix | |
Gn01-20b | WORD MEANING | To MEADOW;SharpLight water;make=fix | |
Gn01-25a | WORD MEANING | To MEADOW;SharpLight water;make=fix | |
--------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------------- |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Gn01-22a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY: ----------------- Rashi frequently makes inferences by conducting broad database queries and noting patterns EXAMPLE: QUERY: Which creatures are blessed in Gn01 ------------------------------------------------------ Gn01-14 STARS NO Gn01-11 PLANTS NO Gn01-22a INSECTS ANIMALS BIRDS YES Gn01-24 BEASTS NO Gn01-27 HUMANS YES Rashi asks the question--WHY? Rashi answers that those objects that are vulnerable to diminuition (insects and humans) are blessed while those objects that are not so vulnerable(stars, plants which replenish anyway and beasts which are not hunted for food-- are not blessed.) | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | DATABASES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | DATABASES | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #27 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST606d | |
Query of which laws have | The verb form of STAND |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||||
Query of which laws have The verb form of STAND | ||||
VERSE | ITEM | BLESSED | VULNERABLE?*1 | |
Gn01-14 | STARS | NO | No | |
Gn01-11 | PLANTS | NO | No(Replenish naturally) | |
Gn01-22a | INSECTS ANIMALS BIRDS | YES | YES(Hunted for food) | |
Gn01-24 | BEASTS | NO | NO(Not hunted for food) | |
Gn01-27 | HUMANS | YES | YES (War) | |
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*1 So the Rashi theory is that - VULNERABLE ITEMS are BLESSED - NON-VULNERABLE ITEMS (perhaps because they replenish naturally) are not so blessed |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Gn06-19b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 5 main goals was the resolution of contradiction Rashi had a variety of methods to resolve contradiction. EXAMPLE - CONTRADICTION RESOLVED THRU 2 CASES --------------------------------------------- - Gn06-19b states that Noach took TWO of every animal - Gn07-02 states that Noach took SEVEN of every animal So Rashi-is-Simple: Gn07-02 states that Noach took seven of every KOSHER animal while Gn0-19b states that Noach took TWO of every animal which Rashi interprets as two of every Non-Kosher animal | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | CONTRADICTION | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | 2 ASPECTS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #14 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST510a | |
List of verses with | Contradiction resolved by 2 cases |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
List of verses with Contradiction resolved by 2 cases | |||
VERSE-1 | VERSE-2 | HOW THE TWO TEXTS ARE COMBINED | |
Gn06-19 | Gn07-02 | Noach took:7 KOSHER animals;2 NON-KOSHER ones | |
Dt12-18 | Nu18-24 | Levites get 1st TITHE;also get GIFTS TO POOR | |
Dt12-30 | Ex22-19 | SPECIFIC idol worship OR general SACS wrong | |
Ex30-19 | Ex40-31 | Tmpl Basin for Priests;Moses was Priest once*5 | |
Ex21-03 | Ex21-04 | Master only gives a slavegirl to a married man | |
Ex12-02 | Ex12-03 | God told Moses on FIRST: Tell Jews on TENTH... | |
Ex01-16 | Ex01-12 | EGYPTIANS hated ALL JEWS;PHARAOH hated MALES*4 | |
Ex02-06 | Ex02-06 | She saw a BABY(in age);a CHILD(in demeanor)*3 | |
Gn18-06 | Gn18-06 | FINE FLOUR for food;COARSE for pot*2 | |
Dt08-02 | Lv26-06 | WHEN OBSERVANT God protects;ELSE not*1 | |
Nu21-21 | Dt02-26 | MOSES sent delegates on behalf of ISRAEL | |
Ex20-19 | Ex19-20 | Gods voice in HEAVEN;His FIRE on EARTH | |
Ex40-35 | Ex25-22 | Moses at Entrance; Gods by Crubim | |
Ex28-37 | Ex39-30 | Priest MASK went AROUND and OVER head | |
Ex25-03 | Ex30-12 | TAXES for base;VOLUNTARY for vessels | |
Nu04-05 | Nu04-15 | PRIESTS pack; KEHATHITES carry*10 | |
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*1 See Lv26-03. Thus Lv26-03:06 explicitly states that when we observe, God will remove wild animals. Dt08-02 by contrast, explains that conquest of Israel will happen slowly FOR IF IT HAPPEEND QUICKLY WILD ANIMALS WOULD COME (because the Jews moral nature was not yet perfected and the protection of Lv26-03:06 does not yet apply) *11 *2 COARSE flour was used in cooking to wash the pot sides to clear it from rust producing agents and rotted food particles. *3 I should mention the Brilliant Malbim who points out to a repeated object denoting emphasis ----------------------------------------- She opened it and saw HIM -- a CHILD ----------------------------------------- Thus the child had a certain regality *12 *4 This distinction is explicitly mentioned in Ex01-10 Pharoh was concerned that the Jewish minority would align with an Egyptian enemy. Hence he killed the males. *13 *5 See Lv08-16:21 for Moses acting as a Priest. During this brief period Moses used the Temple Basin. | |||
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*10 Rashis point is strengthened by the abrupt change of subject ----------------------------------------------- Nu04-04 This is the job of the KEHATHITES Nu04-05 The PRIESTS come and cover the articles ... Nu04-15 ..and AFTERWARDS the KEHATHITES come ----------------------------------------------- If one just reads Nu04-04 and Nu04-05 by themselves it appears as if the PRIESTS mentioned in Nu04-05 refer back to the KEHATHITES mentioned in Nu04-04 *11 Interesting Rashi cites a verse in Job rather than the explicit Lv26-03:06. Rashi also does not explicitly mention that he is using the rule of resolving 2 contradictory cases. But that IS what Rashi does. It seems rather straightforward to introduce Lv26-03:06. Rashi probably expected the reader to know this verse since it comes in the great REBUKE---Rashi complements this verses with complementary verses in Job *12 Rashis actual language is that ------------------------------------ She saw Gods presence with him ------------------------------------ I have tempered this a bit as follows --------------------------- She saw the childs regality --------------------------- I think Rashis point is to explain why she risked her life to save a Jewish child This child was different--he had a certain regality...why not raise him as an Egyptian He would fit in well with the Royal house *13 Rashi actually says ------------------------------------------ Pharohs astrologers said that the Jews have just had a male savior born. Pharoh therefore decreed the death of the male Jews ------------------------------------------ However the REAL driving force of Rashi is the contradictory verses and the resolution from an explicit verse. Rashi avails himself of OTHER VERSES which show that Pharoh always consulted with his astrologers (eg Ex08-12:15). Thus Rashi is simply dressing up the contradiction. The real point of Rashi is the contradiction and the distinction between the people(hated all) and the King. (concerned about security) |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Gn01-11b
RASHIS COVERED: Gn01-11b Gn02-14a Gn01-20b Gn01-25a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 5 main goals is to explain meaning the same way a dictionary explains meaning. Rashi had a variety of vehicles to explain meaning EXAMPLE Naming words by VERB-NOUN transformations Gn01-11b ------------------------------------------------- - TO MEADOW = To PRODuCE a meadow Here a NOUN(MEADOW) comes to mean the VERB of PRODUCING that item. EXAMPLE Naming items using 4 letter roots Gn02-14a -------------------------------------------------- The ChiDeKeL, literally, the SHARP-LIGHT refers to a chilly river rapids. Here the 4 letter root --XDQL--is perceived as the sum of 2 two-letter roots (XD=Sharp as in English, Sharp waters) and (QL=light as in LIGHT waters) EXAMPLE Naming items using 2 letter roots Gn01-20a -------------------------------------------------- The $RC = The INSECTS = PARADIGMS($) of RUNNERS(RC) Here the 3 letter root $RC (Insect) is perceived as the sum of the 1 letter root ($=PARADIGM) and the 2 letter root (RC=RUNNER) EXAMPLE UNIFIED MEANING Gn01-25a -------------------------------- The root &$H means TO CREATE and can refer to making anything new - CREATE----Make SOMETHING NEW - DO------- Create an activity - FIX------ Make something NEW - ACQUIRE-- Make NEW acquisition | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | WORD MEANINGS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | 8 METHODS OF NAMING | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST050d | |
List of words with | NOUN-VERB (TO MEADOW=make a meadow) | |
----------------------- | ----------------------------------- | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | 2-4 LETTER ROOTS | |
SEE BELOW | LIST910h | |
List of | 4 letter roots=sum of 2 letter roots | |
----------------------- | ----------------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST910m | |
List of roots where | $(SHIN) means PARADIGM OF | |
----------------------- | ----------------------------------- | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | UNIFIED MEANING | |
SEE BELOW | LIST862f | |
List of verses with | Root Ayin-Sin-Hey = MAKE/CREATE |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||||
List of 4 letter roots=sum of 2 letter roots | ||||
4 LETTER ROOT | MEANING | 1st 2 LETTERS | LAST 2 LETTERS | |
ChiDeKeL*9 | Cold Rapids | Sharp | Light | |
DuChiFath | Enough Handl | Enough(DAI) | KAPH(Handles)*9 | |
YeHoShuA*8 | God will Sav | God (YAH) | Will Save(SHA) | |
AVRAYCH*1*4 | Good leader | Father | Gentle/soft | |
MMZR*1 | Illegitimate | Blemished | (From a)Stranger | |
ARAL | Angel | Lion (of) | God | |
BLAD | Except | Without (BLi) | Others | |
BRZL | Iron | Strong (BRi) | Branch (ZLZL) | |
ZLAF | Fright | Worthless | (and) Fatigued*3 | |
SRAF | Branches | A Pot (ie nest) | (for) Birds *2 | |
PANAYACH | Insightful | Brings out(POA) | The Hidden(NAX)*5 | |
ChachLiL | Intoxicating | Swirling(LL) | the palate(XC)*6 | |
SnaPir | Fish fins | Shrub like(SN) | used to fly*7 | |
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*1 There are two approaches to 4 letter roots. Sometimes we try and see them as 2 two letter roots and sometimes we try and see them as a 3 letter root with an extra letter. Thus ASTR is explained in the Talmud as ASR. Rav Hirsch stuck to the 3 letter approach even in obvious cases--thus he takes MMZR from MZR a rare word in Job. Similarly Rashi cites a controversy on AVRAYCH: -- A double 2 letter approach would yield: AVRAYCH=Gentle(Rc) Father(Av) -- A 3 letter approach would yield: AVRAYCH=Kneel (Brch) to me (Aleph) *2 Note the poetic lisence in e.g. SRAF = BIRD(AF) POT (SiR)= Something for Bird nests This type of small poetic lisence is common in etymologies and makes their study difficult *3 Note the finer nuances in some translations. For example ZLAF occurs rarely in TNACH and its meaning is inferred from its context. The RDQ in his book of ROOTS says its meaning is SOME TYPE OF FRIGHT....this could go well with the verse cited by RDK: "fright has overtaken me" But perhaps a BETTER translation is feeling worthless and tired So that the verse with ZLAF would mean WORTHLESSNESS & FATIGUE HAS OVERTAKEN ME Then again perhaps there is no way to see which translation is better *4 Rashi Gn41-43b *5 Rashi Gn41-45 *6 Rashi Gn49-12a *7 The following may help: - PRCh means to FLY; in connection with fish it could refer to swimming throughout the water - SN can mean THORNBUSH or BRANCHES (Songs07-09). I therefore suggest it means SHRUB like. So SN-PR would refer to SHRUB-LIKE(SN) protrusions by which a fish FLYES (PR) - SNPR. *8 Rashi Nu13-16a *9 The reference is to a bird with a DOUBLE CROP. Since DU in ARAMAIC means TWO it appears that Rashi is saying ------------------------------------------------- DuChiFath = Double(DU) Handle(Caph)=Double CRop ------------------------------------------------- However we think it preferable that Rashi used Hebrew roots to explain Hebrew words(Provided simple exaplanations exist) Hence we read Rashi as saying -------------------------------------- DuChiFath = ENOUGH (Dai) Handles(CAPH) -------------------------------------- Thus the word does not DIRECTLY mean DOUBLE CROP. Rather the essential meaning of the word is ENOUGH HANDLES. The method by which this particular bird implements this ENOUGHNESS is thru use of the DOUBLE CROP. *10 Rashi Gn02-14a Chid-Kel are the SHARP-LIGHT cold river rapids. |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
List of words with NOUN and VERB forms*10 | |||
NOUN-VERB | VERB Means | TYPE | |
To MEADOW | To create a meadow | Create*13 | |
To Miracle | To make miracles for someone | Create*9 | |
To Plant | Creation (planting) of plants | Create | |
To record | To Create a record | Create | |
To milk | To Create(bring forth) milk | Create | |
To fire*1 | To Create a fire(e.g.in a furnace) | Create | |
To build | To Create a building | Create | |
To worm | To produce/bring forth Worms*2 | Create | |
To BORDER | To make borders*3 | Create | |
EMBROIDER | Make embroidery*4 | Create | |
--------- | ------------------------------------ | -------- | |
To BEAUTY | Remove the BEAUTY(Top) of trees*11 | Remove | |
To YOUNG | Remove the YOUNG grapes*12 | Remove | |
To dust | Removal of dust *5 | Remove | |
To UpRoot | To remove the roots(from the ground) | Remove | |
To DeFrost | To remove the frost | Remove | |
Blood*6 | To remove the blood (ie to KILL) | Remove | |
--------- | ------------------------------------ | -------- | |
To hammar | Do Standard activity done with hammar | Standard | |
To screw | Do Standard activity done with screws | Standard | |
To fan | Do Standard activity done with a Fan | Standard | |
To Dough | Do standard activity with DOUGH*7 | Standard | |
To Fly | FLYING-Standard activity of Housefly | Standard | |
To Straw | GATHER straw(Standard straw activity)*8 | Standard | |
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*1 eg To FIRE a furnace *2 Ex16-20b *3 Ex19-12a *4 Ex28-39a EMBROIDER the pants of LINEN means make them embroidered *5 Nu04-13b, Ex27-03b *6 Lv17-04a *7 As we have explained it TO DOUGH would mean to BAKE. Actually we need another step. A verb can refer to its ACTIVITY FORM. So the 2 steps are - DOUGH becomes TO DOUGH=to BAKE - TO DOUGH becomes TO SWELL (form of DOUGH rising) See LIST814a for more details *8 Ex05-07a Ex05-07b *9 Dt04-34a (Has any gOD MADE MIRACLES the way Your God has ...) | |||
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*10 We present 3 methods by which OBJECTS (Nouns) acquire ACTIVITY (verb) meaning - eg To RECORD = to CREATE a RECORD - eg To DUST = to REMOVE dust - eg To HAMMER = do STANDARD ACTIVITY of hammar *11 Dt24-21a -- the Bible is using Metonomy here--it is naming part of a tree (the TOP) by an attribute strongly associated with it (the BEAUTY of the tree) See LIST871d *12 Dt24-20a. There are two aspects to the derivation - First YOUNG people are identified with YOUNG plants - Second: We are prohibited to YOUNG them=REMOVE them Finally Rashi shows how the oral law interacts with Biblical nuances--Rashi cites the definitions of YOUNG vs OLD-MATURE grape - a MATURE grape is a grape that either - - belongs to a GRAPE CLUSTER(drooping attachments from a main vine) OR - - belong to a STICK--bundled grapes one on top of another attached to a branch. *13 Gn01-11b |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||||
List of roots where $(SHIN) means PARADIGM OF | |||||
ROOT | MEANING | $=PARADIGM | LAST 2 LETTERS.. | MEANING | |
$RC | insect | PARADIGM OF | (rc) | RUNNERS | |
$GL | lover | PARADIGM OF | (gl) | UNCOVERING | |
$XL | lion | PARADIGM OF | (xl) | FRIGHT | |
$XQ | grind | PARADIGM OF | (xk) | STAMPING | |
$KL | cluster | PARADIGM OF | (kl) | ALL THERE | |
$KB | death | PARADIGM OF | (kb) | EXTINGUISHD | |
$LK | throw | PARADIGM OF | (lk) | GOING | |
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(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
List of verses with Root Ayin-Sin-Hey = MAKE/CREATE This root can mean DO, MAKE, ACQUIRE, FIX, SQUEEZE | ||
VERSE | VERSE WITH MEANING OF AYIN-SIN-HEY CAPPED | |
1S12-06 | God who MADE Moses and Aaron | |
-------- | ---------------------------------------- | |
Dt12-08 | Do not DO like the idolaters*1 | |
-------- | ---------------------------------------- | |
Gn12-05 | The staff they ACQUIRED in Charan*2 | |
Dt08-17 | Thru my own might I ACQUIRED this wealth | |
-------- | ---------------------------------------- | |
Dt21-12a | FIX her nails*3 | |
2S19-25 | He hadnt FIXED his mustache | |
Gn01-07a | God FIXED the heavens | |
Gn18-08c | Abraham FIXED up the beef | |
P139-15 | I was FIXED in the darkness (of the womb) | |
Gn01-25a | God FIXED up the beasts He created | |
-------- | ----------------------------------------- | |
Ez23-21 | When Egypt SQUEEZED your breasts*4 | |
Ez23-08 | SQUEEZE her virgin breasts | |
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*1 To DO something is to CREATE an action *2 We could also translate: The staff they MADE in Charan (eg they converted the people). Both MAKING and ACQUIRING refer to making an object your own. But in MAKING you take an ALREADY existing object and transfer its ownership *3 Both FIXING and CREATING refer to making an object usable. In one case you create the object from scratch In FIXING you take an object that ALREADY EXISTS and re-create it *4 I would suggest that SQUEEZING the breasts refers to FIXING the breasts (When they are overloaded with milk -- the same way working mothers have machines that unload the milk). The phrase VIRGIN breasts does not mean the BREASTS of VIRGINS but rather the breasts that have never nursed |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2004, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#