Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2005 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 24 Number 22 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h24n22.htm ----------------------------------- Produced Feb 2 nd, 2005 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
* USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)*1 * * IF IN A RUSH--ONLY read the SUCCINCT SUMMARY SECTION * IF you have more time--READ THE LISTS OF EXAMPLES * IF YOU HAVE LOTS OF TIME--read all footnotes * * (UN)SUBSCRIBE/CONTACTS: RJHendel@Juno.com | |||
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Only 2-3 mintues | SUCCINT SUMMARY | BROWN | |
Only 5-8 minutes | LISTS | BROWN/BEIGE/BLUE | |
Maybe 20-30 minutes | BIG FOOTNOTE SECTION | GREEN SECTION | |
Time to do research | SUMMARY OVERVIEWS*2 | Newsletter Bottom | |
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*1 FIXED WIDTH FONTS are needed for the TEXT version For the HTML version you do not need to reset the browser For html or PDF version visit http://www.Rashiyomi.com/ris.htm *2 Each digest has two summary overviews on bottom: - LIGHTNING SUMMARIES (List of lists in this issue) - OVERVIEW (List of Rashis covered in this issue) |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex06-03a
RASHIS COVERED: Ex06-03a Ex06-03b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Sometimes Rashi will make sweeping pattern inferences from broad database inquiries. We call this the Rashi method of DATABASES. EXAMPLE: Gods name Shadai ------------------------- Gods traditional Hebrew names in the Bible are Kayl, Hashem, Elo-him, A-do-nai etc. The name Shadai is used very rarely. It seems to be used when God shows immediate and great force The following situations show immediate force by God=Shadai ------------------------------------------------------------ Ru01-20 Naomi immediately punished for forsaking Jews Gn49-25 Jacob blesses Joseph with power in his rulership Gn43-14 Jacob prays that God use force to free hostage sons Nu24-04 Bilam knew God as God of force and killed 24000 Gn38-11 Blessings of fruitfullness requires Gods power Gn17-01 God blesses Abraham with fruitfullness ------------------------------------------------------------ LIST606g below summarizes this | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | DATABASES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | PATTERNS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #26 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST606g | |
List of | Verses using Sha-dai(God shows force) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||||
List of Verses using Sha-dai(God shows force)*10 | |||||
VERSE | WHO | DID WHAT | TO | SITUATION REQUIRING FORCE/POWER | |
Ru01-20 | Naomi | God punished me*1 | |||
Gn49-25 | Jacob | blesses | Joseph | God should help him in rulership*2 | |
Gn43-14 | Jacob | prays to | brothers | to get back Benjy and Simon*4 | |
Gn28-03 | Isaac | blesses | Jacob | with fruitfullness*5 | |
Gn38-11 | God | blesses | Jacob | with fruitfullness*5 | |
Gn17-01 | God | blesses | Abraham | with fruitfullness*3 | |
Gn48-03 | Jacob | cites to | Joseph | Gods blessing of fruitfullness | |
Nu24-04 | Bilam | Says he knows Shadai*6 | |||
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*1 Immediate punishment for deserting Jews *2 Rulership requires force *4 Acquiring hostaged brothers requires force *5 Fruitfullness among enemies requires power *6 Bilam caused plague and death of 24000 | |||||
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*10 Several comments are in order. Rashi says (Ex06-03b) --------------------------------------------------- I appeared to Patriarchs in ALL promises as Shadai --------------------------------------------------- We have to interpret this as ----------------------------------- The name Shadai only occurs by Patriarchs ----------------------------------- It cannot mean that ------------------------------------- Only name Shadai was used by Patriarchs ------------------------------------- since that is not true. That is by the Patriarchs we find both traditional names of God and Shadai while by say Moses we NEVER find the name of Shadai The other comment is that we see in the above list that God appeared to Abraham and Jacob BUT NOT TO ISAAC using the name of SHADAI. Rashi however explicitly says (Ex06-03a) ----------------------------------------------- I God appeared to THE PATRIARCHS (all of them) as Shadai ----------------------------------------------- There are several ways to interpret this---for example God promised Isaac the blessings of Abraham which were introduced with Shadai even though God didnt use Shadai with Isaac. |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex07-03a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 6 main goals is to resolve contradiction between two verses that contradict each other. This process of resolution is called the Rashi method of CONTRADICTION. Rashi had 4 methods of resolving contradiction. Sometimes Rashi will resolve a contradiction by looking at the two verses as two stages of one process. We call this the Rashi submethod of TWO-STAGES. EXAMPLE Ex07-03a(Did God harden Pharohs heart?) ----------------------------------------------- The following verse pairs appear contradictory ---------------------------------------------------------- Ex07-03a I,God will harden Pharohs heart and multiply miracles Ex08-28 Pharoh hardened his own heart (Plague #4) Ex09-12 God hardened his own heart (Plague #6) Ex10-01:02 Make many miracles in order to tell over ---------------------------------------------------------- Who hardened Pharohs heart? Pharoh or God. Rashi resolves this contradiction thru the method of 2 stages ------------------------------------------------------------- First: God gave Pharoh a chance to repent. This happened during the first 5 plagues Second: During the last 5 plagues God hardened Pharohs heart in order to magnify the miracles in Egypt ------------------------------------------------------------- LIST530a below presents other contradictory verse pairs resolved thru the method of TWO STAGES== | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | CONTRADICTION | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | TWO-STAGES | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #15 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST530a | |
Verse pairs illustrating | 2 stages to a process |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
Verse pairs illustrating 2 stages to a process | |||
VERSE-1 | VERSE-2 | HOW THE TWO TEXTS ARE COMBINED | |
Ex07-03 | Ex08-28 | 1st 5 plagues Pharoh didnt listen;then God hardened | |
Ex11-01 | Ex11-09 | ONE more of 10 plagues;2 MIRACLES on Red sea*3 | |
Ex11-04 | Ex10-29 | FIRST: Moses announces 10 plagues;2nd:No see Phrh*4 | |
Gn50-10 | Gn50-10 | GRANARY was THORNED;but Joe saved them:HonorJacob*14 | |
Gn37-36 | Gn39-01 | Joe sold 4 times:Arabs to Midian to Arab to Egypt*13 | |
Nu05-08 | Nu05-08d | Tithes/Terumah to GOD; GOD gives them to PRIEST | |
Ex14-27 | Ex14-30a | Egypt drowns IN sea; then thrown ON sea-shore | |
Ex15-01 | Ex15-04 | Egyptians THROWN UP;THEN SHOT down to sea | |
Ex16-13 | Nu11-09 | 1st Dew bed; then MANNA; THEN dew blanket | |
Nu08-24 | Nu04-03 | Levites LEARN Temple at 25;THEN serve at 30 | |
Nu16-32 | Nu26-11a | Korach sons 1st punished; then repented*1 | |
Nu26-54 | Nu26-55a | Children inherit units;Parents give equally*10 | |
Lv21-10 | Lv16-32c | Priesthood succession: Lineage 1st;Merit 2nd*2 | |
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*1 Nu16-32 and Nu16-33 together imply that KORACH AND ALL FOLLOWING HIM DIED ALIVE BY FIRE AND EARTHQUAKE This contradicts Nu26-11 that the sons of Korach did not die Note that Psalms 45-49 were written by the SONS OF KORACH showing that they repented *2 In other words if one of the high priests sons is qualified for the position he is chosen. If not a non-descendant (who is qualified) is taken. Lv16-32c presents this SON-MERIT rule for priests Dt17-20c generalizes this SON-MERIT rule for Kings. This interpretation of the text is further clarified by the ALIGNMENT method.*11 Some further technicalities are noted in note *12 *3 Rashi Ex11-09a *4 Rashi Ex11-04a Ex10-29 | |||
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*10 Here is a simple numerical example Assume 3 people in Egypt - Bob - Dan and David Brothers Assume - Bob has 1 child - Dan has 1 child - David has 2 children So GENERATION1(GEN1) has 3 units (Bob,Dan David) And GEN2 has 4 units (1+1+2) We now have 3 stages STAGE 1 ------- Each GEN2 person gets same number of units (Say 2 units) So Bobs child --2 units -- Dans child --2 units -- Davids-------4 units to 2 children STAGE 2 ------- Now the units are coalesced at the family (GEN1) level - Bob has 2 units(Since he has one child with 2 units) - Dan-David has 6 units (Dans child 2 units and Davids 4) STAGE 3 ------- - Bob gives his 2 units back to his child - Dan-David give there 6 units equally to children so -- Dans child receives 3 units -- Davids 2 children receive 1.5 units each (Total of 3) Here is a time map -------------------------------------------------------------- EGYPT(GEN1) CHILDREN STAGE1 STAGE2 STAGE3 -------------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ------------ Bob 1 child 2/8 2/8 2/8 @child Dan-brother 1 child 2/8 6/8 brothers 3/8 @child David-brother 2 child 4/8 6/8 Brothers 3/8 @2 child --------------------------------------------------------------- Although this may seem complicated it fulfills the 2 verses - The actual exodus people from Egypt inherit - The descendants determine inheritance *11 We align Lv21-10 Lv16-32 as follows ----------------------------------------------------------------- The priest --------------- ...annointed ...trained replace father The priest who is advanced ...annointed ...trained -------------- *a *b *c *d *b ----------------------------------------------------------------- As the double #b clearly shows there are two criteria - priest is advanced (bigger than his brothers) - priest replaces father These conflicting criteria are resolved using the RabbiIshmael method of 2 STAGES - if the son is qualified pick him - if not pick a qualified non-descendant *12 Interestingly heridatary appointment is mentioned by - Slaves (Lv25-41) - Kings (Dt17-20) - Priests (Dt18-05) - Levites (1C23-13) The Bible EXPLICITLY advances a LINEAGE-MERIT duality for priests (As shown above by the alignment presented in footnote #11). We generalize this to Kings (Rashi Dt17-20c). We do not apply this to slaves since merit is not involved We also do not generalize this to Levites since the Bible explicitly states that they replace the first-born and hence merit is no longer relevant (A qualified 1st born could NOT function as a Levite because the Bible states explicitly that they were replaced (See eg Nu03-40:43) *13 There are 4 texts involved as follows ---------------------------------------- Gn37-27 states idea of sale to ARabs Gn37-28 states Midianites passed but Joe sold to Arabas Gn37-36 states Midianites sold Joe to Potifar Gn39-01 states Arabs sold Joe to Potifar ----------------------------------------- Rashi (Gn37-28a Gn38-28b) resolves these contradictions by assuming 4 stages of sale: - Brothers to Arabs (Gn37-27) - Arabs to Midianites (Hinted at in Gn37-28) - Midianites to ARabs (resolving Gn37-36, Gn39-01) - Arabs to Egypt (Gn39-01) *14 Gn50-10a. Rashi cites an Agaddah from the Talmud. We explain this Talmudic agaddah here. However we preface our explanation with the explanation given above - Recall that Joseph saved the world from famine - Granaries dried up and GREW THORNS except for Josephs - Joseph gave food to these people and saved their lives - One granary that dried up was called the THORNED GRANARY - The people gave respect to Jacob since it was his belief - in Josephs dreams which gave Joseph his greatness The Talmudic Agaddah states ----------------------------------------------------------- All the kings came and took off their crowns and hung them on Josephs coffin ----------------------------------------------------------- We interpret this to mean --------------------------------------- The kings TOOK OFF THEIR HATS TO JOSEPH --------------------------------------- This is a familiar English idiom. The Agaddah states ---------------------------------------------------------- The Arabs and canaanites came to wage war with Josephs brothers but could not because of Jacobs merit ---------------------------------------------------------- We need not interpret this literally. Very often Agaddah uses the technique of EXAGGERATION. Recall that -------------------------------------------------------- Jacobs two sons destroyed an entire Canaanite city; Also recall that their attempt to murder Joseph led to selling him to Arabs who brought him to Egypt There were natural ill feelings. However when the Arabs and Canaanites saw the greatness of Jacob---that because he believed in the dream of the bratty immature Joseph, who was a teenage tattletale and hung out with rif-rafs, and then had a severe prison term -- because Jacob believed in the dream, Joseph, despite his past, grew to greatness and saved the world-- -- When the Arabs and Canaanites saw the greatness of Jacobian prophecy, they TOOK OFF THEIR HATS TO HIM..since they realized there was something higher in life..something that could redeem them from their own low life to a higher life ---------------------------------------------------------- In summary the Agaddah uses exaggeration -- WANTED TO DECLARE WAR -- to indicate ill feelings. The Agaddah used metaphor-- TOOK OFF THEIR HATS--to indicate respect. All this is based on the fact that Jacobs belief in Josephs dreams made him what he became. |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex06-16a
RASHIS COVERED: Ex06-16a Ex06-18a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Rashi at times will organize a collection of verses for purposes of computation and making numerical inferences. We call this the Rashi rule of SPREADSHEETS. When the SPREADSHEET is done for purposes of dealing with numerical lengths we call it the Rashi subrule of AUDIT. EXAMPLE: The 430 years in Egypt ------------------------------- Here are some highlights The First jew in Egypt was Abraham at age 75 They attempted to rape his wife The countdown of 430 starts here At age 100, 25 years in the countdown Abraham gave birth to Isaac. It follows that the Jews, from Abraham spent 430 years in Egypt; but Abrahams descendants (from Isaac) spent 405 years in Egypt. Isaac gave birth to Jacob at 60, year 85 of the countdown. Jacob died at age 147, year 232 of the countdown. It is not totally clear when Jacobs children died but it seems reasonable that Levi died at year 309 of the countdown. This leaves 430-309=121 years during which the Jews were slaves The chronology below also uncovers some other facts such as the 14 year gap in Jacobs life. See LIST690K below for details. LIST690L shows that the 400 years could not have been from the time that they were enslaved (since there were not enough years) | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | SPREADSHEETS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | AUDIT | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #26 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST690k | |
List of | 430 years that Jews were in Egypt | |
------------------------ | --------------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST690L | |
List of | years of slavery (less than 400) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||||||||||
List of 430 years that Jews were in Egypt | ||||||||||
VERSE | EGYPT | EVENT | ABE | ISH | ISC | JACOB/ESV | LBN | LEVI | JOE | |
Gn12-04 | 0 | Abe leave Chrn 75 | ||||||||
Gn12-10 | Abe In Egypt | |||||||||
Gn13-09 | Abe Lot seprate | |||||||||
Gn14-16 | Abe Fights for Lt | |||||||||
Gn15-13 | Convenant(400 yr) | |||||||||
Gn16-03 | Abe marry Hagar 85 | |||||||||
Gn16-16 | Ishmael Born 86 0 | |||||||||
Gn17-24 | Circumcise 99 13 | |||||||||
Gn17-25 | Circumcise 99 13 | |||||||||
Gn18-10 | Announce Isaac | |||||||||
Gn21-05 | 25*1 | Isaac born 100 14 | 0 | |||||||
Gn25-26 | 85 | Birth of Jcb/Esv | 74 | 60 | ||||||
Gn28-05 | 148 | Jcb leaves Isaac | 1 | 37 | 6 | 3 | ||||
Gn28-09 | 148 | Marriage of Esauv | 137 | 63 | ||||||
Gn25-17 | 148*2 | Death of Ishmael | 1 | 37 | 6 | 3 | ||||
Gn25-22 | *3 | 14 Missing years | ||||||||
------- | ----- | ---------------- | --- | --- | --- | --------- | --- | ---- | --- | |
VERSE | EGYPT | EVENT | ABE | ISH | ISC | JACOB/ESV | LBN | LEVI | JOE | |
------- | ----- | ---------------- | --- | --- | --- | --------- | --- | ---- | --- | |
Gn29-18 | Work for Laban | 77 | 0 | |||||||
Gn29-27 | Marry Rcl/Leah | 84 | 7 | |||||||
Gn29-34 | Levi born third | 91 | 14 | 4 | 0 | |||||
Gn30-25 | Joe born last | 91 | 14 | 4 | ||||||
Gn31-41 | *4 | 14 years for 2 wiv | es | 91 | 14 4 | |||||
Gn41-46 | Joe advises Phroh | 121 | 34 30 | |||||||
Gn41-47 | 7 years plenty | 128 | 41 | 37 | ||||||
Gn47-18 | 215 | 2 years famine | 130 | 43 | 39 | |||||
Gn47-09 | 215 | Jacob to Egypt | 130 | 43 | 39 | |||||
Gn47-28 | 232 | Jacob dies | 147 | 60 | 56 | |||||
Gn50-26 | Joseph dies | 11 | 0 | |||||||
Ex06-16 | 309*4 | Levi Dies | 137 | |||||||
Ex01-06 | 309*5 | Servitude begins | ||||||||
Ex01-08 | 309*5 | Servitude begins | ||||||||
Ex12-40 | 430 | Exodus Egypt | ||||||||
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*1 Gn15-13 mentions 400 years of 'your children in Egypt' Ex12-40 mentions 430 years of Egypt Rashi(Ex12-40a) suggests - 430 years Total from Abraham in Egypt to Exodus - 405~400 years from birth of Isaac, Abes child *2 Rashi suggests that the fact that - Esauvs marriage was arranged by a BROTHER vs FATHER, ISHMAEL - seems to imply that Ishmael died then(and Hence brother married) NOTE: Without this conjecture we know - Ishmael is 14 years older than Isaac - Isaac is 60 years older than Jacob - So we know Ishmael is 74 years older than Jacob It seems reasonable that all 3 of the following happened together - Jacob leaves Isaac - Esauv marries Ishmaels daughter - Ishmael dies or is dead That leaves a 14 year gap in Jacobs life (See next note) *3 The 14 year gap is computed as follows - we know Jacob 130 when he stood before Pharoh - we know that the following passed - - 30 years of Joseph till he advised Pharoh - - 7 years of plenty - - 2 years of famine - - 7 years of working for 2 wives - - 7 years of bearing children - Hence Jacob was 77 when he started working for Laban (You could take off 7 years if you believed Jacob worked 14 years and then got married but there are problems with this) - We know Jacob was 63 when Ishmael died - IF we assume Ishmael Died, Esauv married and Jacob left all at same time we have a 14 year gap in Jacobs life - It is possible to shorten it but we still have gap - Reasonable conjecture is to use the OTHER VERSE method Gn25-22 shows that when Rivkah was in trouble she went to seek God. Since Rivkah advised Jacob to leave she probably also told him to seek God. (This is very reasonable and Rashi adds further details) *4 This addendum to Rashi was added by the Sifsay Chachamim. We know that - The 12 children were born during the 2nd 7 years - Joseph was born last - Levi was born third - So there is a 3 or 4 year difference in age between Levi and Joseph. This is used to make further computations on the exile. We can show that Levi died in year 309 after God appeared to Abraham. Since the exile lasted 430 years we infer that there were only 121 years of actual servitude and slavery. *5 Most of the items in the above list are explicitly stated However some are conjectural and reasonable The juxtaposition of Ex01-06:08 seems to say ------------------------------------------------------------- Joe and all his brothers died ...and a new King came on Egypt ------------------------------------------------------------- So the exile started AFTER the brothers all died. Levi died in year 309 which places the servitudes beginning no earlier than year 309 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
List of years of slavery (less than 400) | |||
Verse | Event | Age of individual | |
Ex06-16 | Levi | 137 | |
Ex01-06 | Servitude begins*1 | ||
Ex01-08 | Servitude begins*1 | ||
-------------- | --------------------- | ----------------- | |
Ex06-18 | Kehath | 133 | |
Ex06-20 | Amram | 137 | |
Ex07-07 | Moses to Pharoh | 80 | |
-------------- | -------------------- | ---------------- | |
Total years slav | ery 350 | ||
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*1 The juxtaposition of Ex01-06:08 seems to say ------------------------------------------------------------- Joe and all his brothers died ...and a new King came on Egypt ------------------------------------------------------------- So the exile started AFTER the brothers all died. Levi's children were KEHATH, AMRAM, MOSES But the AGE of Kehath+Amram+Moses = 133+137+80=350<400 We conclude that the Egyptian exodus of 400 years had to include events prior to the Jews coming to Egypt In fact the first Jewish-Egyptian confrontation happened when Abraham was 75 and they tried to rape his wife |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10 | |||
# | LIST | BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES | |
27 | 606g | Database query:Gods name Sha-dai used in show-of-force | |
30 | 690k | Breakdown of 430 years in Egypt from Abe=75 in Egypt to Exodus | |
30 | 690L | The 400 years promised to Abraham included pre-Egypt events | |
15 | 530a | God said he would harden Pharohs heart,but only after 5th plague | |
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*10 The explanation of the list should be clear - The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used All Rashi rules may be found with examples at http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm - The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and includes the example presented in the third column - The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. All lists may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lists.htm |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ===================================== | |
Ex06-03a | DATABASES | Gods name SHADAI = immediate power | |
Ex06-03b | DATABASES | Gods name SHADAI = immediate power | |
Ex07-03a | CONTRADICTION | 1st pharoh hardened heart;Then God | |
Ex06-16a | SPREADSHEETS | 405 years from Isaac; 430 from Abe | |
Ex06-18a | SPREADSHEETS | 405 years from Isaac; 430 from Abe | |
Gn15-13a | SPREADSHEETS | 405 years from Isaac; 430 from Abe | |
Ex12-40a | SPREADSHEETS | 405 years from Isaac; 430 from Abe | |
Gn28-09a | SPREADSHEETS | 405 years from Isaac; 430 from Abe | |
--------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------------- |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#