Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2005 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 24 Number 25 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h24n25.htm ----------------------------------- Produced Feb 10 th, 2005 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
* USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)*1 * * IF IN A RUSH--ONLY read the SUCCINCT SUMMARY SECTION * IF you have more time--READ THE LISTS OF EXAMPLES * IF YOU HAVE LOTS OF TIME--read all footnotes * * (UN)SUBSCRIBE/CONTACTS: RJHendel@Juno.com | |||
HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU HAVE | WHAT SHOULD YOU READ | SECTION COLOR | |
Only 2-3 mintues | SUCCINT SUMMARY | BROWN | |
Only 5-8 minutes | LISTS | BROWN/BEIGE/BLUE | |
Maybe 20-30 minutes | BIG FOOTNOTE SECTION | GREEN SECTION | |
Time to do research | SUMMARY OVERVIEWS*2 | Newsletter Bottom | |
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*1 FIXED WIDTH FONTS are needed for the TEXT version For the HTML version you do not need to reset the browser For html or PDF version visit http://www.Rashiyomi.com/ris.htm *2 Each digest has two summary overviews on bottom: - LIGHTNING SUMMARIES (List of lists in this issue) - OVERVIEW (List of Rashis covered in this issue) |
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VERSE: Ex29-05a
RASHIS COVERED: Ex29-05a Ex28-28c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain meaning the same way a dictionary explains meaning. Rashi had a variety of methods to infer meaning. In this posting we review 2 such methods EXAMPLE--To COAT a COAT (Ex29-05a) ---------------------------------- There are three ways a NOUN can become a verb - CREATE IT: eg TO FLOWER - DESTROY IT: eg to DUST - USE IT NORMALLY: eg to HAMMAR Ex29-05a speaks about COATING the coat which means putting it on and tightening all buttons and belts See LIST050d below for many other delightful examples Here, Rashi shows how NOUNS can become VERBS EXAMPLE--Resh-Caph-Samech = TIGHTEN Ex28-28c --------------------------------------------- The Hebrew root Resh-Caph-Samech occurs in only 3 verses. Note because there are only 3 verses it is hard to pinpoint the meaning exactly. Rashi says it refers to UNIFICATION I say it refers to being TIGHT (which is like Rashis unification). Here are the verses - TIGHTEN the AYPHOD garment - save me from GANGS (People TIGHTLY together) - God will make the MOUNTAIN TIGHTS smooth (Rashi explains that MOUNTAIN TIGHTS are two close mountains with a deep gorge between them) LIST955z presents other synonym pairs like Here Rashi explains the nuances in SYNONYM PAIRS like UNITE-TIGHTEN (The footnotes in the list present the opinion of the Radack on this root) | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | WORD MEANINGS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | 8 METHODS OF NAMING | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST050d | |
List of words with | NOUNS becoming VERBS | |
------------------------ | --------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST955z | |
List of | Synonym pairs |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||||
List of Synonym pairs LIST955z continues LIST955a | ||||
VERSE | WORD | BASIC IDEA | NUANCES | |
Ex28-28c | XBR | Unite | Unite | |
- - - - | RKS | Unite | Unite by TIGHTENING*8 | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Nu17-21a | TWK | In | Centrally in *7 | |
- - - - | Beth | In | In | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Gn01-11a | D$A | FIELD | MEADOW*6 | |
- - - - | &SW | FIELD | GRASS*6 | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt28-68a | ANIH | BOAT | Both words mean boat *5 | |
- - - - | SFINH | BOAT | Both words mean boat *5 | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt18-03c | Z-R-A | HAND/THROW | ZRA=arm; ZRA=to scatter | |
-------- | Y-D-H | HAND/THROW | YD=hand; YDH=to throw | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt13-06a | S-R-H | FABRICATE | it is REMOVED from reality*4 | |
-------- | B-D-A | FABRICATE | it is ISOLATED from reality | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt05-17b | A-V-H | DESIRE*3 | desire in ONES HEART-FANTASIZ | |
Ex20-17 | X-M-D | DESIRE*3 | COVET-desire ACQUISITION | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt11-25c | P-X-D | FEAR | IMMEDIATE Fear-Good pimples*1 | |
Dt11-25d | M-R-H | FEAR | ANXIETY-LONG TERM Fear-vision | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt11-14c | I-R-H | RAIN*2 F | IRST rain-IMPREGNATES ground | |
Dt11-14d | MLK$ | RAIN*2 | FINAL rain-SOFTENS Ground | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
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*1 Also Rashi Dt11-25b. It seems reasonable that - P-Ch-D comes from Poh-Chad - SHARP and would refer to e.g. getting GOOSE PIMPLES (Sharpnesses in skin) from fear - MoRaH comes from Y-R-A = vision = LONG TERM apprehension over the future.*10 *2 - YOREH seems to comes from HRH to make pregnant. It would look at the rain as ENABLING the seeds to grow - MALKOSH seesm to come from LKSH - TO THE HARD(KSH) GRAIN and would refer to a final softening rain before the produce. See LIST910i *11 *3 It is hard to absolutely prove that - A-V-H means FANTASIZE vs - Ch-M-D means DESIRE ACQUISITION The verses show that - A-V-H is an act of the HEART while - Ch-M-D is focused on ACQUIRING OBJECTS See LIST955h for further details (Also see Rashi Gn27-15a Gn03-06c Gn03-06d) *4 On Dt19-16a Rashi gives an example of REMOVED/FABRICATED Testimony--when eg witnesses testify to a murder in NY and other witnesses come stating that the 1st witnesses were with them in Chicago at the time of witnessing--thus the murder testimony is totally removed from the real word *5 Undoubtedly there is probably a subtle difference between ANIH/SFINH but it is not possible to determine this from verses. An interesting statistical note is the following - SFINH occurs ONCE in the Bible - ANIH occurs 3 dozen times in the Bible - But in Biblical times the frequencies were reversed Hence, Rashi, in explaining the more frequently occurring ANIH was responding to the rarity of this word IN HIS TIME *6 - GRASS can refer to MANY or SINGULAR grass - MEADOW only refers to a WHOLE MEADOW of GRASS *7 TWK verses Beth (CENTRALLY IN vs IN) explains several Rashis: Nu17-21a Gn02-09b Ex24-1a Lv24-10c Gn01-06b Nu35-34a See LIST955j *8 Hence - Ex28-28c TIGHTEN the AYFOD garment - P031-21 Save me from GANGS(people TIGHTELY together) - Is40-04 God will smooth the TIGHT mountains (Rashi explains that TIGHT MOUNTAINS are mountains close together with deep georges between them)*12 | ||||
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*10 The reader need NOT believe the above etymologies For frequently Rashi explains synonyms without reference to etymologies and even without reference to verses. However some of the above etymologies seem reasonable and may enrich our appreciation of the synonyms. *11 Rashi gives another etymology from the Aramaic. However in this list we advocate the 2nd explanation of Rashi over the 1st. Furthermore in this particular case the 2nd explanation comes internally from Hebrew while the 1st Rashi explanation INFERS usage from Aramaic but does not EXPLAIN it. *12 Rashi translates RKS as UNITE. I have examined the verses and think the nuances of TIGHTEN-which is a particular form of tightening is more precise Rashi and my analysis apparently override the RADACK who translates (from context) RKS as meaning HIGH. Compare - RAISE the AYFOD (By tightening it) - Save me from HAUGHTY people - God will smooth the HIGH mountains |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
List of words with NOUNS becoming VERBS | |||
NOUN-VERB | VERB Means | TYPE | |
To Plant | Creation (planting) of plants | Create | |
To record | To Create a record | Create | |
To milk | To Create(bring forth) milk | Create | |
To fire*1 | To Create a fire(e.g.in a furnace) | Create | |
To build | To Create a building | Create | |
To worm | To produce/bring forth Worms*2 | Create | |
To BORDER | To make borders*3 | Create | |
EMBROIDER | Make embroidery*4 | Create | |
--------- | ------------------------------------ | -------- | |
To dust | Removal of dust *5 | Remove | |
To UpRoot | To remove the roots(from the ground) | Remove | |
To DeFrost | To remove the frost | Remove | |
Blood*6 | To remove the blood (ie to KILL) | Remove | |
--------- | ------------------------------------ | -------- | |
To hammar | Do Standard activity done with hammar | Standard | |
To screw | Do Standard activity done with screws | Standard | |
To fan | Do Standard activity done with a Fan | Standard | |
To Dough | Do standard activity with DOUGH*7 | Standard | |
To Fly | FLYING-Standard activity of Housefly | Standard | |
To COAT | To place coat on and tighten it*8 | Standard | |
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*1 eg To FIRE a furnace *2 Ex16-20b *3 Ex19-12a *4 Ex28-39a EMBROIDER the pants of LINEN means make them embroidered *5 Nu04-13b *6 Lv17-04a *7 As we have explained it TO DOUGH would mean to BAKE. Actually we need another step. A verb can refer to its ACTIVITY FORM. So the 2 steps are - DOUGH becomes TO DOUGH=to BAKE - TO DOUGH becomes TO SWELL (form of DOUGH rising) See LIST814a for more details *8 Ex29-05a |
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VERSE: Ex29-11a
RASHIS COVERED: Ex29-11a Ex29-11b Ex29-11c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- The ALIGNMENT method seeks to extract nuances from the minor differences in the alignment of two almost identical verses. The contrast of the two almost identical verses points to an emphasis in the minor aligned differences. The use of alignment to emphasize nuances is similar in tone to the use of footnotes to emphasize points in modern prose. The ALIGNMENT method can be used either to infer MEANING, infer NUANCES, or contrast TWO CASES. EXAMPLE Ex29-11 ALIGNMNET of TWO BLOOD PROCEDURES ------------------------------------------------- The Biblical text at Ex29-11 reads ---------------------------------------------------- Take/place with finger the blood on altar horns Throw all blood to altar foundation *1 *2 *3 ---------------------------------------------------- Rashi makes 3 comments on the 3 aligned differences FIRST: Rashi notes that one blood was PLACED WITH FINGER ON HORNS while the remaining blood wsa THROWN to foundation SECOND: Rashi notes that the word ALL is emphasized indicating that the THROWING force should be great enough so that ALL remaining blood (even droplets on vessel edges) are hurled to foundation THIRD: In contrast to the HORNS which ARE mentioned in Ex27-01:08, the altar FOUNDATIONS are not mentioned in Ex27-01:08. We infer their existence from this verse. They were probably like any other foundation: A minimal amount, say one cubit--the rest of the altar laid not on the ground but rather on the altar foundations. LIST313w below summarizes this alignment. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | ALIGNMENT | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | 2 CASES | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #10 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST313w | |
Align Ex29-11 phrases | TWO blood procedures:Horns vs Foundations |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
Align Ex29-11 phrases TWO blood procedures:Horns vs Foundations | |||
Phrase-1 | Phrase-2 | Phrase-3 | |
Take/place with finger | the blood | on altar horns | |
Throw | all blood | to altar foundation | |
*1 | *2 | *3 | |
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*1 Verse clearly contrasts - PLACEMENT(not throw) on horns vs - THROWING(not place) downward *2 First place blood on horns and then ALL remaining blood (Even isolated droplets) are thrown to foundation (The word ALL emphasizes nothing should be left in throwing vessel...that is the blood should be thrown with force) *3 HORNS of altar are mentioned in Ex27-01:08 They are protrusions from the altar. The FOUNDATION of the altar is not mentioned in its construction but can be inferred to exist from this verse. Like any other foundation it would be a miminal distance, say a cubit above the ground, on which the rest of the altar stood. |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10 | |||
# | LIST | BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES | |
10 | 313w | PLACE BLOOD on horns vs THROW BLOOD downwards to foundations | |
7 | 050d | To COAT a coat=to put it on and tighten it-noun coat becomes vrb | |
7 | 955z | XBR=unite vs RKS=tighten (eg TIGHTEN garment;TIGHT mountains..) | |
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*10 The explanation of the list should be clear - The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used All Rashi rules may be found with examples at http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm - The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and includes the example presented in the third column - The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. All lists may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lists.htm |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ===================================== | |
Ex29-11a | ALIGNMENT | PLACE blood on HORN vs THROWN to bttm | |
Ex29-11b | ALIGNMENT | PLACE blood on HORN vs THROWN to bttm | |
Ex29-11c | ALIGNMENT | PLACE blood on HORN vs THROWN to bttm | |
Ex29-05a | WORD MEANINGS | RKS=tighten; TO COAT a coat=put it on | |
Ex28-28c | WORD MEANINGS | RKS=tighten; TO COAT a coat=put it on | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#