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                  Surfing the Talmudic Seas
               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2005
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 25 Number 13
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
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                     Produced Apr 2 nd, 2005
	
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HELPFUL READING TIPS
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

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Time to do research SUMMARY OVERVIEWS*2 Newsletter Bottom
COMMENTS
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*2 Each digest has two summary overviews on bottom:
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- OVERVIEW (List of Rashis covered in this issue)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv13-12a
RASHIS COVERED: Lv13-12a Lv12-02d
Lv13-12a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 10 main goals is the explanation of
meaning the same way a dictionary explains meaning.
We call this the Rashi method of WORD MEANING.
Today we examine two meaning submethods of Rashi.

EXAMPLE: IDIOMS
---------------
Rashi frequently explains not, word meaning, but rather
phrase meaning. That is each particular word in the phrase
may have a known meaning but the collection of words
together form a NEW IDIOMATIC MEANING.
We call this the NEW MEANING or the IDIOM
SUBMETHOD.

EXAMPLE: FROM HEAD TO FOOT
--------------------------
Lv13-12a states
---------------------------------------
But if the leprosy spreads in his skin
and covers his entire skin FROM HIS HEAD
TO HIS FOOT
---------------------------------------

Rashi comments
------------------------------------
FROM HIS HEAD TO HIS FOOT is an idiom
meaning the entire body
------------------------------------

LIST854y below gives further examples of Biblical idioms.

EXAMPLE: NAMING BY FORM/FUNCTION/FEEL
-------------------------------------
Rashi frequently identifies meaning by focusing
on the FORM and FUNCTION or FEEL of words. For example:
Both the UNITED NATIONS and PENTAGON are institutions
that protect but the PENTAGON is named by its FORM,
while the UNITED NATIONS is named by its GOAL and
PURPOSE to unite nations. Similarly words like
HARDship and inFLAMMATION name events by how they FEEL.

EXAMPLE: YICKY = menstrual
--------------------------
Lv12-02d refers to the MENSTRUAL period as the YICKY
period (Here the Hebrew root Daleth-Vav-Hey means
a general feeling of YICKYness). This of course refers
to MENSTRUAL CRAMPS which is one feeling aspect of the
menstrual period.

LIST819a below presents several examples of naming by FEELing
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS NEW MEANINGS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST854y
List of Biblical idioms(eg FROM DAYS DAYS=YEARLY)
---------------------- ------------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 8 METHODS OF NAMING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST819a
List of words named by FEELING(e.g. HARDship)
LIST854y
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of Biblical idioms..eg FROM DAYS DAYS=YEARLY
LIST854y continues  LIST854d LIST854y
VERSE BIBLICAL PHRASE TRANSLATION NOTES
Lv13-12a HEAD to FOOT Whole bod y
Lv11-03e RAISES WINDPIPE Chews cud(redigests) *2
Lv05-01a VOICE OF CURSE/OATH subpoena for evidence
Lv04-12c ASH SPILL Place of ash remains
Ex32-06b STIFF NECK Stubborn *1
Ex09-18a LIKE THIS TIME TOMORROW Same hour;next day
Ex14-08b HIGH HAND Brazenly
Nu15-30a HIGH HAND Intentionally
Ex14-27b TURN OF MORNING Dawn
Ex17-04a A LITTLE MORE AND.. I am afraid that
Ex22-01b HAS NO BLOOD Is not a MURDERER
Gn37-26b COVER BLOOD conceal MURDER
COMMENTS
*1 Some other examples of this idiom occur at
Ex32-09 Ex33-04 Ex33-05 Ex34-09 Dt09-06
Dt09-13 Pr29-01	

*2 That is: The animal
- chews
- regurgitates the chewed material
- redigests it
Hence RAISES ITS WINDPIPE is a good idiom describing it

LIST819a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of words            named by FEELING(e.g. HARDship)
VERSE WORD MEANS FEELS LIKE The FOLLOWING
Lv12-02d MENSTRUAL period Feels/ like YICKYness*1
Ex30-34c The FATTY perfume Feels/Smell s like PUTRID FAT
Dt32-22a SPARK Feels like THROBBING,PRICKLING pain
Dt28-21b ACHE (QDXTh) Feels like SPARKS pricking me
Dt28-21c inFLAMmation (DLK) Feels like a FLAME
Dt28-21d Fever (XrXr) Feels like being BURNT
Dt29-16a IDOL(SQTz) Feels like DISGUSTING ($QC)
-------- HARDship Feels like something HARD
COMMENTS
*1 The Hebrew root used--Daleth-Vav-Hey--has a general meaning
of either sickness or YICKYness
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv13-08c
RASHIS COVERED: Lv13-08b Lv13-08c Lv13-08d Lv13-22a Lv13-15a
Lv13-08c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

SUCCINCT SUMMARY
------------------
One of Rashis 6 main goals is to explain grammar
the same way modern Hebrew grammar books explain
grammar. We call this the Rashi rule of GRAMMAR.

One important concept in GRAMMAR is GENDER.
Recall that every noun has a gender. Some nouns
however can have either gender.

WARNING: THe following Rashis are technical and are
meaningful only to someone who knows Hebrew. It is
therefore suggested that the Hebrew text be consulted
when reading these Rashis.

EXAMPLE Lv13-08d Nun-Gimel-Ayin
-------------------------------
The following two verses contain VERBS connected
with the Hebrew word Nun-Gimel-Ayin
-------------------------------------------------
Lv13-09 When a Nun-Gimel-Ayin of leprosy is in...(f)
Lv13-05 The Nun-Gimel-Ayin stands(m)
-------------------------------------------------
In Lv13-09 the verb TO BE has a FEMININE conjugation
(Tihiyeh) while in Lv13-05 it has a MASCULINE
conjugation (AMAD). Hence we infer that NG&
is bi-gendered.

LIST040a presents other words with double gender

By contrast LIST041a presents words with ONE GENDER
Among the words presented are
- FLESH (Beth-Sin-Resh) -- always masculine (Lv13-15)
- Words ending with Tauv--are usually Feminine
- - - Sin-Aleph-Tauv (f) Lv13-10, Lv13-22a
- - - Mem-Samech-Pay-Cheth-Tauv (f) Lv13-07:08
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: GRAMMARr
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: GENDER
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #9
SEE BELOW LIST040a
List of Nouns conjugating in both genders
--------------------- -----------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST041a
LIST of Nouns with single genders
LIST040a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of Nouns conjugating in both genders
WORD MASCULINE FEMININE
Afliction Lv13-05 Lv13-09*10
Courtyard Ex35-17a Ex35-17a
Camp Gn32-09a Ps27-03
Sun Gn19-23 2K03-22
Dove Gn08-11 Gn08-11a
Wind Jb01-19 Jb01-19
Fire Ps104-04 Nu16-35
COMMENTS
*1 The whole list is courtesy of Rashi

--------------- LONGER FOOTNOTES--------

*10 This is an emendation of Rashi.
Rashis actual language is
-----------------------------------
CR&T is feminine; NG& is masculine
-----------------------------------

But the Hebrew word NG& does NOT
even occur in  Lv13-08d where Rashis
comment is found. Hence this text
must be corrupt.

Furthermore as RAM(Rashi commentator)
point out the conjugation of the
verb in Lv13-09 (Tihiyeh) is Female
and the subject is NG& showing that
NG& is female.

By contrast the contrast of the verb
in Lv13-05 is masculine (AMAD) &
the subject is NG& showing NG& is
masculine.

Hence we suggest the following
emendation of the Rashi text
---------------------------------
NG& CR&T is feminine or masculine
---------------------------------

In other words there is one
Rashi (probably on Lv13-09)
which asserts that NG& can be
both
LIST041a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

LIST of                  Nouns with single genders
WORD MASCULINE VERSE TEXT OF VERSE (PRONOUN is translated)
SOUL FEMININE Lv17-14b The SOUL of animals,IT(SHE) is in blood
--------- -------- - ------- - ---------------------------------------
FLESH MASCULINE Lv13-15a The LIVING FLESH--IT(he)is impure
SEAYTH*1 FEMININE Lv13-10 The SEAYTH-IT(she) has turned white
SEAYTH*1 FEMININE Lv13-22a If SHE(the seayth) spreads(F)
MSPXTH*1 FEMININE Lv13-08b IT(she)-the MISPACATH-is impure
--------- --------- -------- ----------------------------------------
TORAH*2 FEMININE Dt28-61 In the book of THIS TORAH
BOOK *2 MASCULINE Dt29-20a In this TORAH BOOK
--------- --------- -------- ------------------------------------
WEEK*3 MASCULINE Gn29-27a Fulfill the week of this GIRL
HONOR*4 MASCULINE Gn49-06d My HONOR--you dont meet them
BREAD MASCULINE Lv24-09b Eat IT (him) (The Bread)
FLOUR*5 MASCULINE Nu05-15b The FLOUR is a vengenance minchah
--------- --------- -------- ------------------------------------
COMMENTS
*1 Lv13 discusses LEPROSY. The words
- SEAYTH
- BAHERETH
- MISPACATH
refer to various types of SKIN afflictions (Some leprous
and some not). Words ending in terminal Tauv are typically
feminine. The above verses with either
- feminine conjugations of the verb
- feminine pronouns
all confirm this.


*2 IN THIS TORAH BOOK vs IN THE BOOK OF THIS TORAH
In one case THIS refers to BOOK(masculine) while
in the other case it refers to TORAH(Feminine)

*3 Cute---The verse seems as if it says
FULFILL (WORK) THIS WEEK

But THIS is FEMININE and WEEK is MASCULINE!

So Rashi explains that the verse means
FULFILL THE WEEK OF THIS GIRL
That is Laban said to Jacob that he had to work
another week of years (7 years) to marry Leah


*4 Rashi makes 2 points here:
- Jacob interrupts his address to Simon-Levi
- Jacob addresses his HONOR(soul):HONOR DONT GET NEAR THEM
Such an abrupt change has important emotional overtones

According to Rashi the verses would read
------------------------------------------
Simon and Levi are brothers where criminal tools
MY HONOR---dont get near the meetings
MY SOUL----dont get involved in their secrets
For they tried to murder in anger
------------------------------------------

Rashi infers this both from the gender and person of
the verbs. For the verse does not say
------------------------------------------
May my SOUL not get near them (3rd person)
------------------------------------------

But rather says
----------------------------------------------
My SOUL: YOU do not get near them (2nd person)
----------------------------------------------

It was important for Rashi to state this since
the difference in spelling between SECOND PERSON
FUTURE MASCULINE and THIRD PERSON FUTURE FEMININE
is very small.

*5 MINCHAH is FEMININE while FLOUR is MASCULINE

So when it says IT(HE) IS A VENGENANCE MINCHAH, the
word IT refers to the FLOUR not to the MINCHAH

The FLOUR of this Minchah was of poorer quality to
symbolize that the suspected adulteress did something
seemly (behaved with poorer quality)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
LIGHTNING SUMMARIES
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10
# LIST BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES
9 040a List of words with dual genders: Nun-Gimel-Ayin, Resh-Vav-Cheth
9 041a Noun genders: FLESH=m, WOUND TYPES=f (Seayth,Mispachath...)
7 854y HEAD TO FOOT is an idiom meaning THE ENTIRE BODY
7 819a YICKIness=MENSTRUAL period--naming by feeling(Menstrual cramps)
COMMENTS

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 The explanation of the list should be clear
- The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used
All Rashi rules may be found with examples at
http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm

- The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which
contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and
includes the example presented in the third column

- The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi
with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used.

All lists may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lists.htm
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== =====================================
Lv13-12a WORD MEANINGS HEAD2FOOT=entire body;YICKY=menstrual
Lv12-02d WORD MEANINGS HEAD2FOOT=entire body;YICKY=menstrual
Lv13-22a GRAMMARr NOUN GENDER:NG&(m,f),CR&T(f),MSPXT(f)
Lv13-08b GRAMMARr NOUN GENDER:NG&(m,f),CR&T(f),MSPXT(f)
Lv13-08c GRAMMARr NOUN GENDER:NG&(m,f),CR&T(f),MSPXT(f)
Lv13-08d GRAMMARr NOUN GENDER:NG&(m,f),CR&T(f),MSPXT(f)
--------- ---------------- -----------------------------------
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
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