Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2005 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 25 Number 9 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h25n9.htm ----------------------------------- Produced Mar 19 th, 2005 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
* USE FIXED WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)*1 * * IF IN A RUSH--ONLY read the SUCCINCT SUMMARY SECTION * IF you have more time--READ THE LISTS OF EXAMPLES * IF YOU HAVE LOTS OF TIME--read all footnotes * * (UN)SUBSCRIBE/CONTACTS: RJHendel@Juno.com | |||
HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU HAVE | WHAT SHOULD YOU READ | SECTION COLOR | |
Only 2-3 mintues | SUCCINT SUMMARY | BROWN | |
Only 5-8 minutes | LISTS | BROWN/BEIGE/BLUE | |
Maybe 20-30 minutes | BIG FOOTNOTE SECTION | GREEN SECTION | |
Time to do research | SUMMARY OVERVIEWS*2 | Newsletter Bottom | |
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*1 FIXED WIDTH FONTS are needed for the TEXT version For the HTML version you do not need to reset the browser For html or PDF version visit http://www.Rashiyomi.com/ris.htm *2 Each digest has two summary overviews on bottom: - LIGHTNING SUMMARIES (List of lists in this issue) - OVERVIEW (List of Rashis covered in this issue) |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv06-20c
RASHIS COVERED: Lv06-20c Lv07-19b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- All languages have a variety of methods to indicate EMPHASIS and SIMILARLITY. Modern typesetting methods use BOLD and ITALICS to indicate EMPHASIS. Modern typesetting methods use BULLETS to indicate SIMILARITY. The Bible did not have BOLD and ITALICS. Rather the Bible used REPETITION to indicate emphasis. This emphasis could in turn either indicate BROADENING or RESTRICTION of meaning. EXAMPLE Lv06-20c ---------------- The Biblical text at Lv06-20c states -------------------------------------------------- If blood of the offering sprinkles ON A GARMENT then wash in the Temple ON THAT WHICH IS SPRINKLED -------------------------------------------------- Rashi comments ------------------------------------------------- Notice the repeated phrase: - ON A GARMENT, - ON THAT WHICH IS SRINKLED The repetition creates emphasis (It could have simply said THEN WASH **IT** IN THE TEMPLE) Only the part of the garment on which the blood fell needs to be immersed (not the whole garment) ------------------------------------------------- EXAMPLE Lv07-19b ---------------- The Biblical text at Lv07-19b states -------------------------------------------------- and MEAT touching an impurity is not eaten and MEAT: all pure people eat MEAT -------------------------------------------------- Rashi comments --------------------------------------------- The continuous REPETITION of the word MEAT (vs say use of a pronoun) creates emphasis: Even PARTIAL organ meat can be eaten (as happens if some of an organ of MEAT fell out of Temple grounds (and is therefore impure) --the remaining part inside the temple can still be eaten even though it is touching it. ---------------------------------------------- Both these examples use REPETITION. - In one case the REPETITION creates RESTRICTION (only the part of the garment touched with blood) - In the other case the REPETITION creates BROADENING (even a PARTIAL organ can be eaten) LIST150a presents verses where Repetition motivates a broad interpretation of words. LIST160a presents verses where Repetition motivates a restrictive interpretation of words. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | REPETITION | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | BROAD | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #20 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST150a | |
List of verses with | REPEATED words interpreted broadly | |
------------------------ | ------------------------------------ | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: | RESTRICTIVE MEANING | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #19 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST160a | |
List of verses with | REPEATED words interpreted restrictively |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
List of verses with REPEATED words interpreted broadly | |||
VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE | EMPHASIS...DO IT... | |
Lv07-19b | MEAT:all MEAT eatable | Even if PART of organ bad*3 | |
Lv05-15b | TRESPASS TRESPASS tmpl | Not only eating;any benefit*2 | |
Dt13-16a | HIT HIT by sword | EVEN by Fire | |
Dt15-08b | GIVE GIVE charity | EVEN by loaning | |
Dt16-20a | PURSUE PURSUE Justice | EVEN for mistaken aquitals | |
Ex12-09c | COOK COOK in water | EVEN in other liquids | |
Lv20-02b | EXECUTE EXECUTE | EVEN by the masses*1 | |
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*1 Supported by Dt17-06:07 which states -------------------------------------- ..first the witnesses execute...then the people execute -------------------------------------- *2 See http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lv05-02a.htm for a full discussion of the three Rashi methods connected with this verse. *3 e.g. If PART of meat fell outside temple (and is thereby impure) then you can still eat the part of the meat that remained inside the temple (even though the two parts are connected) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
List of verses with REPEATED words interpreted restrictively | |||
VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE | MEANING OF REPETITION | |
Nu04-04a | The HOLY of HOLIES | Holiest part of temple | |
Ex31-15a | A SABBATH of SABBATHS*1 | Even cooking prohibited | |
Lv13-49a | Y-R-K-R-K (GreenReen) | The GREENEST of GREENS*2 | |
Lv13-49b | A-D-M-D-M (Reded) | The REDEST of REDS*2 | |
Gn28-11a | He prayed by THE PLACE..PLACE*3 | >THE PLACE<=the Temple | |
Gn37-15a | And a MAN found him..THE MAN.*4 | >THE MAN<=AProphet/Angel | |
-------- | ------------------------------- | ----------------------- | |
Lv01-08d | wood on fire ON ALTAR ON ALTAR | No wood protruding*5 | |
Lv14-17a | Blood on ear;Oil on ear ON BLOOD | BLOOD must be first*5 | |
Lv21-03a | NonMarried sister-close to brthr | single or engaged*6 | |
Lv21-03b | NonMarried sister-close to brthr | single or engaged*6 | |
Lv22-22f | Dont offer Dont offer..blemished | ANY act of offering*7 | |
Lv21-21b | BLEMISHED BLEMISHED priests... | If still blemished*8 | |
Lv06-20c | Blood on GARMENT,SPRINKLED PART | Only SPRINKLED PART*9 | |
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*1 Ex31-15b further points out that all holidays which are referred to as >SABBATH of SABBATH< (Ex31-15, Lv23-32) have prohibitions of both WORK and EATING. By contrast all holidays which are only called >SABBATH< (Lv23-23 and Lv23-39) only have a prohibition of Work but not a prohibition of COOKING. This is fully discussed at http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h6n12.htm) *2 This is fully discussed in http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h1n23.htm Ibn Ezra seems to disagree and state that GReenReen means a light green (which would contradict this list). But as I show in that posting, Ibn Ezra retracted what he said in his commentary on Ps45-03. In fact Ibn Ezra simply points out that he was testing the consistency of this rule against all doubled roots. To make a long story short we reviewed all roots & found possible problems with only 2 verses, Ps38-11 and Songs6-1. However we can properly translate these verses Ps38-11 would be translated as >My heart FLUTTERS (intense back and forth motion)<; Similarly Songs6-1 would be translated as >Dont avoid me simply because I am very SUNBURNED (an intense form of DAWN-COLOR) *3 Many of the examples in this list are CONSTRUCTS e.g. The HOLY of HOLIES. Future additions to this list will emphasize examples similar to Lv01-08d *4 So the repeated word MAN must refer to the narrow meaning of the Hebrew ISH which means A DISTINGUISHED man such as an Angel or Judge. *5 In legal terminology the repetition creates ESSENTIALITY - The wood is on the altar; and MUST be on the altar - Blood on ear; oil on ear; and the blood MUST come first *6 In other words the priest can defile himself to a sister who is REALLY NOT MARRIED (not married and still CLOSE to her brother the Priest)--thus the priest can defile himself to a SINGLE and ENGAGED sister but not to a MARRIED sister *7 If you review Lv22-17:25 you will find 3-5 repetitions of the concept that BLEMISHED ANIMALS SHOULD NOT BE OFFERED (or PLACED ON FIRE) TO GOD. Therefore the REPETITION applies to ANY PART OF THE OFFERING PROCEDURE. The main parts of the OFFERING PROCEDURE are - DEDICATION of the animal - SLAUGHTER of animal - RECEIPT of animal blood - OFFERING ON FIRE of organs*10 *8 In other words only is he is REALLY BLEMISHED = STILL BLEMISHED (But if he recovered from the Blemish then the law does not apply and he can offer offerings) *9 The verse states ---------------------------------------------------- If blood falls on a GARMENT, then wash in the temple THAT ON WHICH IT FELL ---------------------------------------------------- The capped words indicate a quasi repetition. This repetition creates emphasis. ONLY the part of the garment on which the blood is sprinkled need be washed. | |||
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*10 An important point about learning Rashi should be emphasized. Many Rashi commentators play NUMBER GAMES - they count FOUR repetitions of DONT OFFER - they then note FOUR applications of emphasis in Rashi (to a) Dedication b) Slaughter c) receipt of blood d) offering However our approach in this list has always been conceptual. The REPETITION denotes EMPHASIS. The EMPHASIS in turn simply includes ALL CASES--ALL PARTS OF THE PROCEDURE. We think this a mature and satisfying approach to Rashi. |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Lv06-20a
RASHIS COVERED: Lv06-20a Lv07-19a Lv06-20b Lv07-12b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- The BULLET method could perhaps better be called the PARAGRAPH METHOD. The BULLET method seeks to make inferences from PARAGRAPH structure or from PARALLEL structure (A good example of paragraph structure is a bulleted structure). We present several examples below. EXAMPLE 1: Bulleting of Biblical paragraph Lv06-17:23 --------------------------------------------------- Lv06-18 Where SIN OFFERING is SLAUGHTERED Lv06-19 WHO eats it Lv06-19 WHERE it is eaten Lv06-20 Consequences of touching Lv06-21 WHO eats it Lv06-22 EXCEPTIONS: Sin offerings not eaten Lv16-20 states - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ALL that touch it will become HOLY blood sprinkled on a garment-the sprinkled part is immersed - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Rashi comments ---------------------------------------------------- The phrase - - - - - - - - - ALL that touch it - - - - - - - - - refers to - - - - - - - - - all FOODS that touch it - - - - - - - - - [Here Rashi follows the rule of BULLETS or CONTEXT--the Bible is talking about EATING and hence Lv16-21 speaks about FOOD touching it] Similarly the phrase - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - all foods that touch it shall become HOLY - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - is also interpreted by CONTEXT. The word IT in the verse refers to the SIN OFFERING The word HOLY in the verse means HOLY/INVALID like the SIN OFFERING. Hence we interpret Lv16-20 as follows - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - The food touching the SIN OFFERING shall become HOLY LIKE THE SIN OFFERING [if the SIN OFFERING is then invalid/good then the touching meat becomes invalid/good;] - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --------------------------------------------------- LIST107g summarizes this bulleted structure EXAMPLE 2: Bulleting of Biblical Paragraph Lv07-16:21 --------------------------------------------------- An almost identical CONTEXT interpretation applies to the Biblical paragraph Lv07-16:21 which speaks the PEACE OFFERING. Lv07-16 WHEN you can eat PEACE OFFERING Lv07-17 AFTER TIME PERIOD burn food Lv07-18 AFTER TIME PERIOD not allowed to eat Lv07-19 CONSEQUENCES of eating Lv07-20 PURITY requirement for eating Lv07-21 PURITY requirement for eating Lv07-19 states ----------------------------------------- And MEAT which touches any impure shall not be eaten ----------------------------------------- Rashi comments based on context ----------------------------------------- And PEACE OFFERING meat which touches any impure shall not be eaten ----------------------------------------- Compare carefully the RASHI text with the Biblical text. All Rashi does is replace the word MEAT with the phrase PEACE OFFERING MEAT. And the reason that Rashi does this is because of the CONTEXT--the paragraph structure is speaking about PEACE OFFERINGS. LIST107h summarizes this bulleted structure EXAMPLE 3: Bulleted structure of Lv07-11:14 ------------------------------------------- The Bulleted structure of Lv07-11:14 reveals the following Lv07-11 Laws of PEACE OFFERINGS Lv07-12 SubLaws of THANKSGIVING Lv07-12 - Matzah Loaves MIXED with oil Lv07-12 - Wafer LOAVES ANNOINTED with oil Lv07-12 - Loaves ROASTED in oil Lv07-13 - In addition to BREAD loaves Lv07-14 Offer a TERUMAH(RAISING) to God to Priest offering Rashi comments ------------------------------------------------- As the bullets show there are 4 sets of LOAVES offering with the Thanksgiving offering ------------------------------------------------- LIST107g summarizes this bulleted structure | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | BULLET/PARAGRAPHS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #26 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST107g | |
BULLETED structure of | Lv07-14-4 loaf types with THANKSGVING | |
--------------------- | ----------------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST107h | |
BULLETED structure of | Lv07-16:21 Laws of PEACE OFFERING | |
--------------------- | ----------------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST107i | |
BULLETED structure of | Lv06-17:23 Laws of SIN OFFERING |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
BULLETED structure of Lv07-14-4 loaf types with THANKSGVING | |||
VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE | 4 Bullets on Loaves*1 | |
Lv07-11 | Laws of PEACE OFFERINGS | ||
Lv07-12 | SubLaws of THANKSGIVING | ||
Lv07-12 | Offer | Matzah Loaves MIXED with oil | |
Lv07-12 | Offer | Wafer LOAVES ANNOINTED with oil | |
Lv07-12 | Offer | Loaves ROASTED in oil | |
Lv07-13 | Offer | In addition to BREAD loaves | |
Lv07-14 | Offer TERUMAH to Priest | ||
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*1 Because of these 4 bullets we have the Rashi THERE ARE 4 SETS OF LOAVES OFFERED WITH A THANKSGIVING OFFERING*10 | |||
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*10 Rashi brings 2 additional pieces of information on the NUMBER and SIZE of loaves. This additional information is derived from Talmud Menacoth 77 and 78 SIZE: All other Menacoth either have - 1/10 an Eypah measure (e.g. Lv14-21,Lv28-13) - 2/10 an Eypah measure (Lv24-05) The Talmud then attempts to see which of these verses are most similar to the Thanksgiving NUMBER: - The SHOWBREAD has 12 loaves (Lv24-05) - Lv07-14 mentions offering a TERUMA to PRIEST Nu18-26 implies that TERUMAH is 1/10th This would apply 10 loaves (so that 1/10th=1 loaf can be given to Priest) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
BULLETED structure of Lv07-16:21 Laws of PEACE OFFERING | |||
VERSE | SITUATION DISCUSSED | Details of verse | |
Lv07-16 | WHEN you eat PEACE OFFERING | Can eat for 2 days | |
Lv07-17 | AFTER TIME PERIOD | After 3rd day burn it | |
Lv07-18 | AFTER TIME PERIOD | After 3rd day cant it | |
Lv07-19 | CONSEQUENCES | Meat touching it,impure*1 | |
Lv07-20 | PURITY requirement | Only pure people can eat | |
Lv07-21 | PURITY requirement | Only pure people can eat | |
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*1 Verse states ------------------------------------------------ Meat touching an impurity shall not be eaten ------------------------------------------------ However because of the CONTEXT of the PARAGRAPH which is discussing PEACE OFFERINGS Rashi adds the folowing CAPPED WORDS --------------------------------------------------- PEACE OFFERING meat touching an impurity shall not be eaten --------------------------------------------------- |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
BULLETED structure of Lv06-17:23 Laws of SIN OFFERING | |||
VERSE | SITUATION DISCUSSED | DETAILS | |
Lv06-18 | Where SIN OFFERING is SLAUGHTERED | Slaughter in NORTH | |
Lv06-19 | WHO eats it | Officiating Priest | |
Lv06-19 | WHERE it is eaten | On Temple Grounds | |
Lv06-20 | Consequences of touching | Become Holy*1 | |
Lv06-21 | WHO eats it | Male Priests | |
Lv06-22 | EXCEPTIONS: Sin offerings not eaten | Offered on Gold altr | |
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*1 The actual Biblical verse states --------------------------------- All touching it shall become holy --------------------------------- Because of the PARAGRAPH CONTEXT discussing eating sin offerings Rashi adds appropriate modifications in CAPS --------------------------------------------------------- All MEAT touching it-THE SIN OFFERING, shall become holy LIKE THE SIN OFFERING (that is will become invalid or good to eat according to whether the sin offering is currently valid of good) |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10 | |||
# | LIST | BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES | |
20 | 150a | MEAT: pure people can eat MEAT(Repetition implies even partial) | |
19 | 160a | Blood sprinkles on GARMENT;wash WHERE SPRINKLED (Only there) | |
26 | 107g | THANKSGIVING OFFERING:a)oil-mix b)annointed c)roasted d)bread | |
26 | 107h | Paragraph on PEACE OFFERING:MEAT refers to PEACE OFFER MEAT | |
26 | 107i | Paragraph on SIN OFFERING:MEAT refers to SIN OFFER MEAT | |
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*10 The explanation of the list should be clear - The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used All Rashi rules may be found with examples at http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm - The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and includes the example presented in the third column - The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. All lists may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lists.htm |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ===================================== | |
Lv06-20c | REPETITION | GARMENT,THAT IS SPRINKLED..only there | |
Lv07-19b | REPETITION | GARMENT,THAT IS SPRINKLED..only there | |
Lv06-20a | BULLET | Bullets show 4 Thanksgiving loaves | |
Lv07-19a | BULLET | Bullets show 4 Thanksgiving loaves | |
Lv06-20b | BULLET | Bullets show 4 Thanksgiving loaves | |
Lv07-12b | BULLET | Bullets show 4 Thanksgiving loaves | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#