Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List
             VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT
                  http://www.RashiYomi.com/
                  Surfing the Talmudic Seas
               (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2005
               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 28 Number 19
          For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here
               -----------------------------------
               http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h28n19.htm
               -----------------------------------
                     Produced Jan. 26, 2006
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#*#
HELPFUL READING TIPS
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU HAVE WHAT SHOULD YOU READ SECTION COLOR
Only 2-3 mintues SUCCINT SUMMARY BROWN
Only 5-8 minutes LISTS BROWN/BEIGE/BLUE
Maybe 20-30 minutes BIG FOOTNOTE SECTION GREEN SECTION
Time to do research SUMMARY OVERVIEWS*2 Newsletter Bottom
COMMENTS
*1 FIXED WIDTH FONTS are needed for the TEXT version
For the HTML version you do not need to reset the browser

For html or PDF version visit
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/ris.htm

*2 Each digest has two summary overviews on bottom:
- LIGHTNING SUMMARIES (List of lists in this issue)
- OVERVIEW (List of Rashis covered in this issue)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex07-12a
Ex07-12a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 10 main goals was the resolution of
contradictions. These contradictions typically arise
from two verses stating contradictory things.
We call this the RASHI RULE OF CONTRADICTION.

Rashi had three methods to resolve contradiction. If
the CONTRADICTION could be resolved by viewing the
contradictory verses as two aspects of the same item then
we employ the the TWO ASPECTS method of resolution. If
the CONTRADICTION could be resolved by viewing the
CONTRADICTORY verses as two stages of the same process then
we employ the TWO STAGES submethod. Finally if the
CONTRADICTION could be resolved by retranslating the verses
using broader or more literal meanings then we use the
BROAD-LITERAL submethod.


EXAMPLE 1: Ex07-12a
-----------------------------------------
Ex07-10:11 states
---------------------------------------
Aaron threw his ROD and it turned into
a SNAKE..The Egyptian witches also threw
their ROD and it turned into a SNAKE
---------------------------------------

Ex07-12 however states
---------------------------------------
Aaron's RODS devoured the Egyptian RODS
---------------------------------------

We see the CONTRADICTION:
If the RODS became SNAKES then how could
the RODS devour the RODS (It should say
Aaron's SNAKE devoured the Egyptian SNAKES

Rashi resolves this using the method
of TWO STAGES
------------------------------------
1st) They each had rods
2nd) The rods became snakes
3rd) (Not mentioned in the BIble)
The snakes returned to their rod state
4th) The ROD of Aaron devoured the Egyptian RODS
------------------------------------

LIST530a below presents CONTRADICTIONS resolved thru
TWO STAGES.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: CONTRADICTION
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS TWO-STAGES
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #15
SEE BELOW LIST530a
Verse pairs illustrating 2 stages to a process
LIST530a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Verse pairs illustrating 2 stages to a process
VERSE-1 VERSE-2 HOW THE TWO TEXTS ARE COMBINED
Ex07-10 Ex07-12a 1st)SNAKE become RODS;2nd)RODS to SNAKES;3rd)Devour
Ex03-18 Ex05-01 1st)Elders-Moses: go to Phroh;2nd)Elders chicken out
Gn46-08 Gn46-15 1)32 CAME to Egypt; 2nd)One BORN on Road*16
Gn29-25 Gn29-23 1)Leah FLIRTS like Rachl;2)After marriage herself*15
Gn18-02 Gn18-02 1st)They came for lodging;saw sick;left;2nd)He RAN*6
Dt13-10 Dt13-10 1st)WITNESS stones criminal; 2nd)Whole nation stones
Dt01-22 Nu33-52 1st)Conquer EASY cities; 2nd)Conquer WHOLE land
Gn36-35 Nu22-04a 1st)Midyan-Moab enemies; 2nd) Unite against Jews
Nu22-34 Nu22-22b Stage 1) Angel HARASSES (Desired Stage 2)Avoid Sin
Dt02-24 Dt02-26 In war: 1st) Request peace 2nd) Declare war*5
Lv02-14 Lv02-14 1st)Budded Full-grain barley;2)Roasted;3)Grounded
Ex07-03 Ex08-28 1st 5 plagues Pharoh didnt listen;then God hardened
Ex11-01 Ex11-09 ONE more of 10 plagues;2 MIRACLES on Red sea*3
Ex11-04 Ex10-29 FIRST: Moses announces 10 plagues;2nd:No see Phrh*4
Gn50-10 Gn50-10 GRANARY was THORNED;but Joe saved them:HonorJacob*14
Gn37-36 Gn39-01 Joe sold 4 times:Arabs to Midian to Arab to Egypt*13
Nu05-08 Nu05-08d Tithes/Terumah to GOD; GOD gives them to PRIEST
Ex14-27 Ex14-30a Egypt drowns IN sea; then thrown ON sea-shore
Ex15-01 Ex15-04 Egyptians THROWN UP;THEN SHOT down to sea
Ex16-13 Nu11-09 1st Dew bed; then MANNA; THEN dew blanket
Nu08-24 Nu04-03 Levites LEARN Temple at 25;THEN serve at 30
Nu16-32 Nu26-11a Korach sons 1st punished; then repented*1
Nu26-54 Nu26-55a Children inherit units;Parents give equally*10
Lv21-10 Lv16-32c Priesthood succession: Lineage 1st;Merit 2nd*2
COMMENTS

*1 Nu16-32 and Nu16-33 together imply that KORACH AND ALL FOLLOWING
HIM DIED ALIVE BY FIRE AND EARTHQUAKE This contradicts Nu26-11
that the sons of Korach did not die

Note that Psalms 45-49 were written by the SONS OF KORACH
showing that they repented

*2 In other words if one of the high priests sons is
qualified for the position he is chosen. If not
a non-descendant (who is qualified) is taken.

Lv16-32c presents this SON-MERIT rule for priests
Dt17-20c generalizes this SON-MERIT rule for Kings.

This interpretation of the text is further
clarified by the ALIGNMENT method.*11

Some further technicalities are noted in note *12

*3 Rashi Ex11-09a

*4 Rashi Ex11-04a Ex10-29

*5 Dt20-10 explicitly requires a request for peace
The resolution of this contradiction is brought in the
Rashi at Nu21-22a


*6 The repeated Biblical phrase HE SAW...BY HIM, HE SAW...HE RAN
strengthens this interpretation by stages.

LONGER FOOTNOTES
*10 Here is a simple numerical example
Assume 3 people in Egypt
- Bob
- Dan and David Brothers

Assume
- Bob has 1 child
- Dan has 1 child
- David has 2 children

So GENERATION1(GEN1) has 3 units (Bob,Dan David)
And GEN2 has 4 units (1+1+2)

We now have 3 stages

STAGE 1
-------
Each GEN2 person gets same number of units (Say 2 units)
So Bobs child --2 units
-- Dans child --2 units
-- Davids-------4 units to 2 children

STAGE 2
-------
Now the units are coalesced at the family (GEN1) level
- Bob has 2 units(Since he has one child with 2 units)
- Dan-David has 6 units (Dans child 2 units and Davids 4)

STAGE 3
-------
- Bob gives his 2 units back to his child
- Dan-David give there 6 units equally to children so
-- Dans child receives 3 units
-- Davids 2 children receive 1.5 units each (Total of 3)

Here is a time map

--------------------------------------------------------------
EGYPT(GEN1)    CHILDREN   STAGE1      STAGE2       STAGE3
-------------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ------------
Bob            1 child    2/8         2/8          2/8 @child
Dan-brother    1 child    2/8         6/8 brothers 3/8 @child
David-brother  2 child    4/8         6/8 Brothers 3/8 @2 child
---------------------------------------------------------------

Although this may seem complicated it fulfills the 2 verses
- The actual exodus people from Egypt inherit
- The descendants determine inheritance

*11 We align Lv21-10 Lv16-32 as follows

-----------------------------------------------------------------
The priest --------------- ...annointed ...trained replace father
The priest who is advanced ...annointed ...trained --------------
*a         *b              *c           *d         *b
-----------------------------------------------------------------

As the double #b clearly shows there are two criteria
- priest is advanced (bigger than his brothers)
- priest replaces father

These conflicting criteria are resolved using
the RabbiIshmael method of 2 STAGES
- if the son is qualified pick him
- if not pick a qualified non-descendant

*12 Interestingly heridatary appointment is mentioned by
- Slaves (Lv25-41)
- Kings (Dt17-20)
- Priests (Dt18-05)
- Levites (1C23-13)

The Bible EXPLICITLY advances a LINEAGE-MERIT duality
for priests (As shown above by the alignment presented
in footnote #11).

We generalize this to Kings (Rashi Dt17-20c).

We do not apply this to slaves since merit is not involved

We also do not generalize this to Levites since
the Bible explicitly states that they replace the
first-born and hence merit is no longer relevant
(A qualified 1st born could NOT function as a
Levite because the Bible states explicitly that
they were replaced (See eg Nu03-40:43)

*13 There are 4 texts involved as follows
----------------------------------------
Gn37-27 states idea of sale to ARabs
Gn37-28 states Midianites passed but Joe sold to Arabas
Gn37-36 states Midianites sold Joe to Potifar
Gn39-01 states Arabs sold Joe to Potifar
-----------------------------------------

Rashi (Gn37-28a Gn38-28b) resolves these contradictions by
assuming 4 stages of sale:
- Brothers to Arabs (Gn37-27)
- Arabs to Midianites (Hinted at in Gn37-28)
- Midianites to ARabs (resolving Gn37-36, Gn39-01)
- Arabs to Egypt (Gn39-01)

*14 Gn50-10a. Rashi cites an Agaddah from the Talmud. We explain this
Talmudic agaddah here. However we preface our explanation with
the explanation given above
- Recall that Joseph saved the world from famine
- Granaries dried up and GREW THORNS except for Josephs
- Joseph gave food to these people and saved their lives
- One granary that dried up was called the THORNED GRANARY
- The people gave respect to Jacob since it was his belief
- in Josephs dreams which gave Joseph his greatness

The Talmudic Agaddah states
-----------------------------------------------------------
All the kings came and took off their crowns and hung them
on Josephs coffin
-----------------------------------------------------------

We interpret this to mean
---------------------------------------
The kings TOOK OFF THEIR HATS TO JOSEPH
---------------------------------------
This is a familiar English idiom.


The Agaddah states
----------------------------------------------------------
The Arabs and canaanites came to wage war with Josephs
brothers but could not because of Jacobs merit
----------------------------------------------------------

We need not interpret this literally. Very often Agaddah
uses the technique of EXAGGERATION. Recall that
--------------------------------------------------------
Jacobs two sons destroyed an entire Canaanite city;
Also recall that their attempt to murder Joseph led to
selling him to Arabs who brought him to Egypt

There were natural ill feelings.

However when the Arabs and Canaanites saw the greatness
of Jacob---that because he believed in the dream of the
bratty immature Joseph, who was a teenage tattletale and
hung out with rif-rafs, and then had a severe prison term
-- because Jacob believed in the dream, Joseph, despite
his past, grew to greatness and saved the world--

-- When the Arabs and Canaanites saw the greatness of
Jacobian prophecy, they TOOK OFF THEIR HATS TO HIM..since
they realized there was something higher in life..something
that could redeem them from their own low life to a
higher life
----------------------------------------------------------

In summary the Agaddah uses exaggeration -- WANTED TO DECLARE
WAR -- to indicate ill feelings. The Agaddah used metaphor--
TOOK OFF THEIR HATS--to indicate respect. All this is based
on the fact that Jacobs belief in Josephs dreams made him
what he became.

*15
Rashi literally states
---------------------------------------------------
Laban gave Leah to Jacob for the wedding night.
But Jacob and Rachel had personal signs and Rachel
gave these to Leah. So Jacob only fully became aware
at morning that Leah was really Leah
---------------------------------------------------

This Rashi has been interpreted to mean that
- Jacob and Rachel had little contact during the 7 years!
- Jacob had no memory of the women he was in love with!
- Jacob needed special signs to remind him who he was with
- Jacob did not know who he was with on his wedding night!
Remarkable: Even the lowest rif-rafs know who they are
with on a wedding night.

I think a more palatable approach to this Rashi is the
following:
------------------------------------------------------
Traditionally men are in interested in physical
characteristics while women are interested in the person.
The Bible EXPLICITLY states that Jacob loved Rachel
because of her figure and good looks (No mention of
personality!). As is well known men and women can flirt
with each other by glances and smiles. Rachel quickly
found out what Jacob liked and taught Leah how to flirt
with him. Laban told Jacob at the BEGINNING of the 7
years that he couldn't marry the younger daughter
before the older daughter. Jacob was at first relunctant
But when Leah started flirting with him the way he
liked he decided to marry Leah. However after the
wedding night Leah 'had what she wanted' and had no
reason to placate Jacob. She started acting herself.
It was only at this point that Jacob realized he was
double-crossed and not getting the physical flirtations
he wanted from a wife. Laban simply reminded him of
the deal they had made SEVEN YEARS AGO but offered
him Rachel also
-------------------------------------------------------

The above approach to Rashi makes 'sense.' It also
has RELEVANCE. It is well known that INCIDENTS OF THE
PATRIARCHS mirror EXPECTATIONS TO THE CHILDREN. No
Jew really worries about being double crossed in whom
he marries. But it is relevant to religious men to
be aware that women play such games with them--Rachels
will frequently help fellow women like Leah to catch
men. Women think it silly that men are interested in
physical attributes and not in personality. So this
incident as interpreted above has extreme relevance
to us.

*16 Rashi seems to derive this textually. Rashi states
------------------------------------------------
Nu26-59 states
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
...Yocheven who was BORN to Levi IN EGYPT
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Her BIRTH was IN EGYPT but her PREGNANCY
was outside of Egypt
------------------------------------------------

However there is no textual basis for making this
emphasis The phrase
----------------------------------------------
who was born to Levi in Egypt
-----------------------------------------------
does not connote that her pregnancy was
outside of Egypt.

Therefore we find it preferable to state that
Rashi's derivation is purely from logic. That
is the only way to resolve the CONTRADICTION
is to assume someone did NOT COME with Jacob
but was in Egypt anyway because they were born
outside of Egypt. Then a search of the Bible
reveals only one possible candidate for this
person: Yocheved.
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex06-29b
RASHIS COVERED: Ex06-29b Ex06-30a
Ex06-29b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 5 main goals is to indicate paragraph
structure. The modern author can indicate paragraph
structure thru either
- indentation or
- white space: blank lines surrounding the paragraph.

One method by which the Bible indicates paragraph
structure is to use a THEME-DETAIL-THEME style--that is
- a THEME sentence is stated,
- followed by some DETAILS of that theme and concluding
- with a repetition of the THEME sentence.
Thus the opening and closing THEME sentence form
brackets indicating a paragraph unit.

Recall that in modern writing, the details of
a paragraph develop the theme sentence of the paragraph.
Since the THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure
indicates a biblical paragraph, therefore the
DETAILs are seen as the DEVELOPMENT of the paragraph

We call this Rashi method the THEME-DETAIL-THEME
or GENERAL-DETAIL-GENERAL submethod of the
RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE method. The name RABBI ISHMAEL
STYLE method reflects the fact that the
THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure is mentioned
among the 13 exegetical rules of Rabbi Ishmael.

EXAMPLE Ex06-29b
------------------
This is a peachy example since it forms the
paradigm and basis for the THEME-DETAIL-THEME
method.

Ex06-10:30 has the following structure
---------------------------------------------------
SECTION  BIBLICAL TEXT
-------  ------------------------------------------
General  God asks Moses to take Jews out of Egypt
General  Moses complains he is a stuterer and unable
Detail            Genealogies: Reuven,Shimon,Levi...
Detail            Genealogies: Moses parents etc
General  God asks Moses to take Jews out of Egypt
General  Moses complains he is a stuterer and unable
---------------------------------------------------

Rashi is remarkably simple and straigtforward
in his comments
-------------------------------------------
The paragraph has a THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure
Hence the repetition of the opening and closing
verses
-------------------------------------------

Rashi says nothing more. He does NOT explain how
the paragraph structure enhances meaning. We would
augment Rashi as follows
--------------------------------------------

Since the THEME sentence is
---------------------------
God requests Moses to redeem
---------------------------
therefore we must recognize the DETAIL
sentences (which speak about Moses
genealogy) AS UNIFIED AND COMMENTING
on the THEME sentence.

Moses/Aaron came from LEVI. LEVI was
the fighter. He joined with SHIMON
to destroy the city that raped their
sister. Hence it is fitting that
Moses a descendant of fighters should
be picked to redeem the Jewish people.

We also see Moses FIGHTING spirit in
Ex02 since (a) he kills the Egyptian
taskmaster molesting a Jew  (b) he
tried to stop 2 Jews from fighting
(c) He saves the daughters of Jethro
from molestation.

So indeed the DETAIL section
comments (indirectly) on the theme
section: Moses a fighter AND
a descendant of fighters was asked
by God to redeem the Jews.

LIST460v below summarizes this arguments.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: STYLE
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS GENERAL-DETAIL-GENERAL
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #25
SEE BELOW LIST460v
List of clauses in Ex07-10:30 (God asks Moses to redeem)
LIST460v
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of clauses in Ex07-10:30 (God asks Moses to redeem)
SECTION BIBLICAL TEXT
General God asks Moses to take Jews out of Egypt
General Moses complains he is a stuterer and unable
------ -----------------------------------------
Detail Genealogies: Reuven,Shimon,Levi...
Detail Genealogies: Moses parents etc
------ -----------------------------------------
General God asks Moses to take Jews out of Egypt
General Moses complains he is a stuterer and unable
Notes
-----
*1 Rashi is remarkably simple and straigtforward
in his co mments
--------- ----------------------------------
The parag raph has a THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure
Hence the repetition of the opening and closing
verses
--------- ----------------------------------
Rashi say s nothing more. He does NOT explain how
the parag raph structure enhances meaning. We would
augment R ashi as follows
--------- -----------------------------------
Since the THEME sentence is
--------- ------------------
God reque sts Moses to redeem
--------- ------------------
therefore we must recognize the DETAIL
sentences (which speak about Moses
genealogy ) AS UNIFIED AND COMMENTING
on the TH EME sentence.
Moses/Aar on came from LEVI. LEVI was
the fight er. He joined with SHIMON
to destro y the city that raped their
sister. H ence it is fitting that
Moses a d escendant of fighters should
be picked to redeem the Jewish people.
We also s ee Moses FIGHTING spirit in
Ex02 sinc e (a) he kills the Egyptian
taskmaste r molesting a Jew (b) he
tried to stop 2 Jews from fighting
(c) He sa ves the daughters of Jethro
from mole station.
So indeed the DETAIL section
comments (indirectly) on the theme
section: Moses a fighter AND
a descend ant of fighters was asked
by God to redeem the Jews.
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex07-28b
RASHIS COVERED: Ex07-28b Ex07-29a
Ex07-28b
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Rashi frequently made inferences based on the Biblical STYLE. We
call this Rashi Rule the RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE rule.

A powerful style rule was the painting of a verse in a
CLIMACTIC DEVELOPMENT manner. We call this the RASHI SUBRULE of
CLIMAX

EXAMPLE Ex07-28b
----------------
Ex07-26:29 describes the plague of Frogs.
Moses states
-----------------------------------
The Frogs will come up
- to your (PHAROH's) personal HOUSE and bedroom
- to the HOUSE of your STAFF
- your NATION
- AMONG YOU,NATION/STAFF
-----------------------------------

Rashi interprets the paragraph CLIMACTICALLY
--------------------------------------------
- 1st the Frogs will attack the HOUSE of Pharoh
        who initiated the evil
- 2nd the Frogs will attack the HOUSES of Pharoh's STAFF
- 3rd the Frogs will attack the NATION who complied with
the evil decrees
- 4th the Frogs will attack the PEOPLE THEMSELVES and
e.g. jump into their mouths
---------------------------------------------

Again: Rashi's derivation is NOT from strange words
or grammar. It is not even from the contrast
- Attack the HOUSE of (Attack on utensils)
- Attack AMOUNG you   (Personal attack)

Rather Rashi infers his derivation from the ASSUMPTION
that the list of paragraph items SHOULD be interpreted
CLIMACTICALLY. AFTER assuming this Rashi felt justified
in emphasizing the difference between ATTACK HOUSE
vs ATTACK AMONG YOU and interpreted the frog attacks
in two stages (POSSESSIONS/PERSONAL).

LIST451d below summarizes the above
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS CLIMAX
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #25
SEE BELOW LIST451d
Climactic structure of Ex07-26:29-Frog Attack:King,Staff,Nat
LIST451d
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Climactic structure of   Ex07-26:29-Frog Attack:King,Staff,Nation...
VERSE TEXT...FROGS ATTACK Interpretation using CLIMAX
HOUSE of Pharoh King 1st--he made the evil decrees
HOUSE of Pharoh's staff Staff 2nd--they advised King on evil
Nation Nation 3r d--they followed the orders
AMONG Pharoh,nation,staff 1st POSSESSIONS(House);2nd PERSONAL*1
COMMENTS
*1 So in the 4th stage the Frogs would not just be in the HOUSE
but attack the people, try jumping into their mouth etc.

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10
Again: Rashi's derivation is NOT from strange words
or grammar. It is not even from the contrast
- Attack the HOUSE of (Attack on utensils)
- Attack AMOUNG you   (Personal attack)

Rather Rashi infers his derivation from the ASSUMPTION
that the list of paragraph items SHOULD be interpreted
CLIMACTICALLY. AFTER assuming this Rashi felt justified
in emphasizing the difference between ATTACK HOUSE
vs ATTACK AMONG YOU and interpreted the frog attacks
in two stages (POSSESSIONS/HOUSE).


*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex06-09a
Ex06-09a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 10 main methods is the explanation of meaning
the same way a dictionary explains meaning. We call this
the WORD MEANING method.

----------------------------------------------
Rashi had 10 vehicles to explain meaning. The SYNONYM
submethod takes words with known meanings and shows the
similarity and nuances in each term.
----------------------------------------------

EXAMPLE: Ex06-09a
-----------------
Ex06-09 states
------------------------------
Moses spoke to the people as God instructed him
but they did not ACCEPT his words that God would
redeem him
------------------------------

Rashi comments on the Hebrew word Shin Mem Ayin
which we have translated as ACCEPT
---------------------------------------------
Shin Mem Ayin primarily means to HEAR but can
also mean b) Understand, c) Accept, d) Obey
---------------------------------------------

LIST955z presents other Rashis commenting on SYNONYMS
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS SYNONYMS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST955z
List of Synonym pairs
LIST955z
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of                  Synonym pairs
LIST955z continues LIST955a
VERSE WORD BASIC IDEA NUANCES
Ex06-09a $-M-& Hear Hear
-------- $-M-& Hear Understand
-------- $-M-& Hear Obey
-------- $-M-& Hear Accept
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Gn25-17b G-V-& Death Death of Righteous person*14
- - - - M-W-T Death Death of any person*14
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Gn24-17b G-M-A Drink SLURP
- - - - S-T-H Drink DRINK
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Gn19-11a P-T-X Door OPENING
Gn19-10 D-L-T Door DOOR
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt28-65c K-L-H EXPECT HOPE-not necessarily fulfilld
- - - - I-X-L EXPECT EXPECT
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt28-32a K-L-H EXPECT HOPE-not necessarily fulfilld
- - - - I-X-L EXPECT EXPECT
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt23-02a CtCrsh Testicle CRUSHED testicles(CUT-CRUSH)
Dt23-02b CtSpll Testicle CUT penal shaft(CUT-SPILL)
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Nu22-08c YASHAV location STAY OVER
- - - - AVAR location PASS THRU
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
- - - - YASHAV position SIT
- - - - AMAD position STAND
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Gn32-05a YASHAV residence DWELL
- - - - GUR residence FOREIGNER
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Nu21-20d PISGAH High Cliff
-------- HAR High Mountain
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Nu13-23a ZMoRaH Grapes Grape VINE
Nu13-23 EshKoL Grapes Grape CLUSTER
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Lv22-18a NDR*13 Donation VOW-eg I-ll bring a sacrifice
Lv22-18b NDBH Donation DONATION-eg Donate Tmpl money
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Lv22-22a &WRT Blind Feminine form
- - - - &WR Blind Masculine form
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Lv13-45a PRM Tear tear ON SEAM
- - - - QR& Tear GENERAL tear
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Ex28-28c XBR Unite Unite
- - - - RKS Unite Unite by TIGHTENING*8
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Nu17-21a TWK In Centrally in *7
- - - - Beth In In
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Gn01-11a D$A FIELD MEADOW*6
- - - - &SW FIELD GRASS*6
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt28-68a ANIH BOAT Both words mean boat *5
- - - - SFINH BOAT Both words mean boat *5
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt18-03c Z-R-A HAND/THROW ZRA=arm; ZRA=to scatter
-------- Y-D-H HAND/THROW YD=hand; YDH=to throw
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt13-06a S-R-H FABRICATE it is REMOVED from reality*4
-------- B-D-A FABRICATE it is ISOLATED from reality
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt05-17b A-V-H DESIRE*3 desire in ONES HEART-FANTASIZ
Ex20-17 X-M-D DESIRE*3 COVET-desire ACQUISITION
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt11-25c P-X-D FEAR IMMEDIATE Fear-Good pimples*1
Dt11-25d M-R-H FEAR ANXIETY-LONG TERM Fear-vision
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
Dt11-14c I-R-H RAIN*2 F IRST rain-IMPREGNATES ground
Dt11-14d MLK$ RAIN*2 FINAL rain-SOFTENS Ground
------- ----- ------ ----------------------
COMMENTS
*1 Also Rashi Dt11-25b. It seems reasonable that
- P-Ch-D comes from Poh-Chad - SHARP and would refer to
e.g. getting GOOSE PIMPLES (Sharpnesses in skin) from
fear

- MoRaH comes from Y-R-A = vision = LONG TERM
apprehension over the future.*10


*2 - YOREH seems to comes from HRH to make pregnant. It
would look at the rain as ENABLING the seeds to grow

- MALKOSH seesm to come from LKSH - TO THE HARD(KSH)
GRAIN and would refer to a final softening rain
before the produce. See LIST910i *11


*3 It is hard to absolutely prove that
- A-V-H means FANTASIZE vs
- Ch-M-D means DESIRE ACQUISITION

The verses show that
- A-V-H is an act of the HEART while
- Ch-M-D is focused on ACQUIRING OBJECTS
See LIST955h for further details
(Also see Rashi Gn27-15a Gn03-06c Gn03-06d)

*4 On Dt19-16a Rashi gives an example of REMOVED/FABRICATED
Testimony--when eg witnesses testify to a murder in NY
and other witnesses come stating that the 1st witnesses
were with them in Chicago at the time of witnessing--thus
the murder testimony is totally removed from the real word

*5 Undoubtedly there is probably a subtle difference between
ANIH/SFINH but it is not possible to determine this from
verses. An interesting statistical note is the following
- SFINH occurs ONCE in the  Bible
- ANIH occurs 3 dozen times in the Bible
- But in Biblical times the frequencies were reversed
Hence, Rashi, in explaining the more frequently occurring
ANIH was responding to the rarity of this word IN HIS TIME

*6 - GRASS can refer to MANY or SINGULAR grass
- MEADOW only refers to a WHOLE MEADOW of GRASS


*7 TWK verses Beth (CENTRALLY IN vs IN)
explains several Rashis:
Nu17-21a Gn02-09b Ex24-1a Lv24-10c
Gn01-06b Nu35-34a See LIST955j

*8 Hence
- Ex28-28c TIGHTEN the AYFOD garment
- P031-21  Save me from GANGS(people TIGHTELY together)
- Is40-04  God will smooth the TIGHT mountains
(Rashi explains that TIGHT MOUNTAINS are mountains
close together with deep georges between them)*12

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 The reader need NOT believe the above etymologies
For frequently Rashi explains synonyms without
reference to etymologies and even without reference
to verses. However some of the above etymologies seem
reasonable and may enrich our appreciation of the
synonyms.


*11 Rashi gives another etymology from the Aramaic.
However in this list we advocate the 2nd explanation
of Rashi over the 1st. Furthermore in this
particular case the 2nd explanation comes internally
from Hebrew while the 1st Rashi explanation INFERS
usage from Aramaic but does not EXPLAIN it.


*12 Rashi translates RKS as UNITE.
I have examined the verses and think the nuances
of TIGHTEN-which is a particular form of tightening
is more precise

Rashi and my analysis apparently override the
RADACK who translates (from context) RKS as meaning
HIGH. Compare
- RAISE the AYFOD (By tightening it)
- Save me from HAUGHTY people
- God will smooth the HIGH mountains


*13 Rashi brings several distinctions on the nuances
between VOWS vs DONATIONS

- VOWS are PERSONAL (eg I will bring...)
- DONATIONS are OBJECT oriented
(eg This material is to Tmpl)

- VOWS come for OFFERINGS
- DONATIONS come for TEMPLE repairs

- VOWS come for personal EXPIATION
- DONATIONS do not come personal EXPIATION

Rashi in fact notes that the word FOR EXPIATION
(Resh-Tzade-Hey) does occur in Lv22-23. However
this is just an accident. The main Rashi point comes
from the VOW:DONATION difference---in English also
- VOW has personal connotation (I undertake..) while
- DONATION has object connotation (this item goes to..)

*14 See LIST854O
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
LIGHTNING SUMMARIES
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10
# LIST BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES
15 530a Aaron's rod became snake;became rod; then devoured other rods
25 460v Moses was a descendant of Levi the fighter;worthy for redeemer
25 451d Frogs attack 1) House of Pharoh 2) Staff 3) Nation 4)People
7 955z HEAR means a)Hear b) Accept c) Understand d) Obey
COMMENTS
*10 The explanation of the list should be clear
- The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used
All Rashi rules may be found with examples at
http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm

- The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which
contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and
includes the example presented in the third column

- The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi
with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used.

All lists may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lists.htm
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== =====================================
Ex07-12a CONTRADICTION Rod->Snake->Rod->Devoured other rods
Ex06-29b STYLE Moses descendant of fighters=redeemer
Ex06-30a STYLE Moses descendant of fighters=redeemer
Ex07-28b CLIMAX Frogs attack Houses then People
Ex07-29a CLIMAX Frogs attack Houses then People
Ex06-09a SYNONYMS HEAR=a)hear b)Understand c)Accept...
--------- ---------------- -----------------------------------
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#