Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2005 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 28 Number 19 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h28n19.htm ----------------------------------- Produced Jan. 26, 2006 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
| |||
HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU HAVE | WHAT SHOULD YOU READ | SECTION COLOR | |
Only 2-3 mintues | SUCCINT SUMMARY | BROWN | |
Only 5-8 minutes | LISTS | BROWN/BEIGE/BLUE | |
Maybe 20-30 minutes | BIG FOOTNOTE SECTION | GREEN SECTION | |
Time to do research | SUMMARY OVERVIEWS*2 | Newsletter Bottom | |
|
|||
*1 FIXED WIDTH FONTS are needed for the TEXT version For the HTML version you do not need to reset the browser For html or PDF version visit http://www.Rashiyomi.com/ris.htm *2 Each digest has two summary overviews on bottom: - LIGHTNING SUMMARIES (List of lists in this issue) - OVERVIEW (List of Rashis covered in this issue) |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex07-12a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 10 main goals was the resolution of contradictions. These contradictions typically arise from two verses stating contradictory things. We call this the RASHI RULE OF CONTRADICTION. Rashi had three methods to resolve contradiction. If the CONTRADICTION could be resolved by viewing the contradictory verses as two aspects of the same item then we employ the the TWO ASPECTS method of resolution. If the CONTRADICTION could be resolved by viewing the CONTRADICTORY verses as two stages of the same process then we employ the TWO STAGES submethod. Finally if the CONTRADICTION could be resolved by retranslating the verses using broader or more literal meanings then we use the BROAD-LITERAL submethod. EXAMPLE 1: Ex07-12a ----------------------------------------- Ex07-10:11 states --------------------------------------- Aaron threw his ROD and it turned into a SNAKE..The Egyptian witches also threw their ROD and it turned into a SNAKE --------------------------------------- Ex07-12 however states --------------------------------------- Aaron's RODS devoured the Egyptian RODS --------------------------------------- We see the CONTRADICTION: If the RODS became SNAKES then how could the RODS devour the RODS (It should say Aaron's SNAKE devoured the Egyptian SNAKES Rashi resolves this using the method of TWO STAGES ------------------------------------ 1st) They each had rods 2nd) The rods became snakes 3rd) (Not mentioned in the BIble) The snakes returned to their rod state 4th) The ROD of Aaron devoured the Egyptian RODS ------------------------------------ LIST530a below presents CONTRADICTIONS resolved thru TWO STAGES. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | CONTRADICTION | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | TWO-STAGES | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #15 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST530a | |
Verse pairs illustrating | 2 stages to a process |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
Verse pairs illustrating 2 stages to a process | |||
VERSE-1 | VERSE-2 | HOW THE TWO TEXTS ARE COMBINED | |
Ex07-10 | Ex07-12a | 1st)SNAKE become RODS;2nd)RODS to SNAKES;3rd)Devour | |
Ex03-18 | Ex05-01 | 1st)Elders-Moses: go to Phroh;2nd)Elders chicken out | |
Gn46-08 | Gn46-15 | 1)32 CAME to Egypt; 2nd)One BORN on Road*16 | |
Gn29-25 | Gn29-23 | 1)Leah FLIRTS like Rachl;2)After marriage herself*15 | |
Gn18-02 | Gn18-02 | 1st)They came for lodging;saw sick;left;2nd)He RAN*6 | |
Dt13-10 | Dt13-10 | 1st)WITNESS stones criminal; 2nd)Whole nation stones | |
Dt01-22 | Nu33-52 | 1st)Conquer EASY cities; 2nd)Conquer WHOLE land | |
Gn36-35 | Nu22-04a | 1st)Midyan-Moab enemies; 2nd) Unite against Jews | |
Nu22-34 | Nu22-22b | Stage 1) Angel HARASSES (Desired Stage 2)Avoid Sin | |
Dt02-24 | Dt02-26 | In war: 1st) Request peace 2nd) Declare war*5 | |
Lv02-14 | Lv02-14 | 1st)Budded Full-grain barley;2)Roasted;3)Grounded | |
Ex07-03 | Ex08-28 | 1st 5 plagues Pharoh didnt listen;then God hardened | |
Ex11-01 | Ex11-09 | ONE more of 10 plagues;2 MIRACLES on Red sea*3 | |
Ex11-04 | Ex10-29 | FIRST: Moses announces 10 plagues;2nd:No see Phrh*4 | |
Gn50-10 | Gn50-10 | GRANARY was THORNED;but Joe saved them:HonorJacob*14 | |
Gn37-36 | Gn39-01 | Joe sold 4 times:Arabs to Midian to Arab to Egypt*13 | |
Nu05-08 | Nu05-08d | Tithes/Terumah to GOD; GOD gives them to PRIEST | |
Ex14-27 | Ex14-30a | Egypt drowns IN sea; then thrown ON sea-shore | |
Ex15-01 | Ex15-04 | Egyptians THROWN UP;THEN SHOT down to sea | |
Ex16-13 | Nu11-09 | 1st Dew bed; then MANNA; THEN dew blanket | |
Nu08-24 | Nu04-03 | Levites LEARN Temple at 25;THEN serve at 30 | |
Nu16-32 | Nu26-11a | Korach sons 1st punished; then repented*1 | |
Nu26-54 | Nu26-55a | Children inherit units;Parents give equally*10 | |
Lv21-10 | Lv16-32c | Priesthood succession: Lineage 1st;Merit 2nd*2 | |
|
|||
*1 Nu16-32 and Nu16-33 together imply that KORACH AND ALL FOLLOWING HIM DIED ALIVE BY FIRE AND EARTHQUAKE This contradicts Nu26-11 that the sons of Korach did not die Note that Psalms 45-49 were written by the SONS OF KORACH showing that they repented *2 In other words if one of the high priests sons is qualified for the position he is chosen. If not a non-descendant (who is qualified) is taken. Lv16-32c presents this SON-MERIT rule for priests Dt17-20c generalizes this SON-MERIT rule for Kings. This interpretation of the text is further clarified by the ALIGNMENT method.*11 Some further technicalities are noted in note *12 *3 Rashi Ex11-09a *4 Rashi Ex11-04a Ex10-29 *5 Dt20-10 explicitly requires a request for peace The resolution of this contradiction is brought in the Rashi at Nu21-22a *6 The repeated Biblical phrase HE SAW...BY HIM, HE SAW...HE RAN strengthens this interpretation by stages. | |||
|
|||
*10 Here is a simple numerical example Assume 3 people in Egypt - Bob - Dan and David Brothers Assume - Bob has 1 child - Dan has 1 child - David has 2 children So GENERATION1(GEN1) has 3 units (Bob,Dan David) And GEN2 has 4 units (1+1+2) We now have 3 stages STAGE 1 ------- Each GEN2 person gets same number of units (Say 2 units) So Bobs child --2 units -- Dans child --2 units -- Davids-------4 units to 2 children STAGE 2 ------- Now the units are coalesced at the family (GEN1) level - Bob has 2 units(Since he has one child with 2 units) - Dan-David has 6 units (Dans child 2 units and Davids 4) STAGE 3 ------- - Bob gives his 2 units back to his child - Dan-David give there 6 units equally to children so -- Dans child receives 3 units -- Davids 2 children receive 1.5 units each (Total of 3) Here is a time map -------------------------------------------------------------- EGYPT(GEN1) CHILDREN STAGE1 STAGE2 STAGE3 -------------- ---------- ----------- ------------ ------------ Bob 1 child 2/8 2/8 2/8 @child Dan-brother 1 child 2/8 6/8 brothers 3/8 @child David-brother 2 child 4/8 6/8 Brothers 3/8 @2 child --------------------------------------------------------------- Although this may seem complicated it fulfills the 2 verses - The actual exodus people from Egypt inherit - The descendants determine inheritance *11 We align Lv21-10 Lv16-32 as follows ----------------------------------------------------------------- The priest --------------- ...annointed ...trained replace father The priest who is advanced ...annointed ...trained -------------- *a *b *c *d *b ----------------------------------------------------------------- As the double #b clearly shows there are two criteria - priest is advanced (bigger than his brothers) - priest replaces father These conflicting criteria are resolved using the RabbiIshmael method of 2 STAGES - if the son is qualified pick him - if not pick a qualified non-descendant *12 Interestingly heridatary appointment is mentioned by - Slaves (Lv25-41) - Kings (Dt17-20) - Priests (Dt18-05) - Levites (1C23-13) The Bible EXPLICITLY advances a LINEAGE-MERIT duality for priests (As shown above by the alignment presented in footnote #11). We generalize this to Kings (Rashi Dt17-20c). We do not apply this to slaves since merit is not involved We also do not generalize this to Levites since the Bible explicitly states that they replace the first-born and hence merit is no longer relevant (A qualified 1st born could NOT function as a Levite because the Bible states explicitly that they were replaced (See eg Nu03-40:43) *13 There are 4 texts involved as follows ---------------------------------------- Gn37-27 states idea of sale to ARabs Gn37-28 states Midianites passed but Joe sold to Arabas Gn37-36 states Midianites sold Joe to Potifar Gn39-01 states Arabs sold Joe to Potifar ----------------------------------------- Rashi (Gn37-28a Gn38-28b) resolves these contradictions by assuming 4 stages of sale: - Brothers to Arabs (Gn37-27) - Arabs to Midianites (Hinted at in Gn37-28) - Midianites to ARabs (resolving Gn37-36, Gn39-01) - Arabs to Egypt (Gn39-01) *14 Gn50-10a. Rashi cites an Agaddah from the Talmud. We explain this Talmudic agaddah here. However we preface our explanation with the explanation given above - Recall that Joseph saved the world from famine - Granaries dried up and GREW THORNS except for Josephs - Joseph gave food to these people and saved their lives - One granary that dried up was called the THORNED GRANARY - The people gave respect to Jacob since it was his belief - in Josephs dreams which gave Joseph his greatness The Talmudic Agaddah states ----------------------------------------------------------- All the kings came and took off their crowns and hung them on Josephs coffin ----------------------------------------------------------- We interpret this to mean --------------------------------------- The kings TOOK OFF THEIR HATS TO JOSEPH --------------------------------------- This is a familiar English idiom. The Agaddah states ---------------------------------------------------------- The Arabs and canaanites came to wage war with Josephs brothers but could not because of Jacobs merit ---------------------------------------------------------- We need not interpret this literally. Very often Agaddah uses the technique of EXAGGERATION. Recall that -------------------------------------------------------- Jacobs two sons destroyed an entire Canaanite city; Also recall that their attempt to murder Joseph led to selling him to Arabs who brought him to Egypt There were natural ill feelings. However when the Arabs and Canaanites saw the greatness of Jacob---that because he believed in the dream of the bratty immature Joseph, who was a teenage tattletale and hung out with rif-rafs, and then had a severe prison term -- because Jacob believed in the dream, Joseph, despite his past, grew to greatness and saved the world-- -- When the Arabs and Canaanites saw the greatness of Jacobian prophecy, they TOOK OFF THEIR HATS TO HIM..since they realized there was something higher in life..something that could redeem them from their own low life to a higher life ---------------------------------------------------------- In summary the Agaddah uses exaggeration -- WANTED TO DECLARE WAR -- to indicate ill feelings. The Agaddah used metaphor-- TOOK OFF THEIR HATS--to indicate respect. All this is based on the fact that Jacobs belief in Josephs dreams made him what he became. *15 Rashi literally states --------------------------------------------------- Laban gave Leah to Jacob for the wedding night. But Jacob and Rachel had personal signs and Rachel gave these to Leah. So Jacob only fully became aware at morning that Leah was really Leah --------------------------------------------------- This Rashi has been interpreted to mean that - Jacob and Rachel had little contact during the 7 years! - Jacob had no memory of the women he was in love with! - Jacob needed special signs to remind him who he was with - Jacob did not know who he was with on his wedding night! Remarkable: Even the lowest rif-rafs know who they are with on a wedding night. I think a more palatable approach to this Rashi is the following: ------------------------------------------------------ Traditionally men are in interested in physical characteristics while women are interested in the person. The Bible EXPLICITLY states that Jacob loved Rachel because of her figure and good looks (No mention of personality!). As is well known men and women can flirt with each other by glances and smiles. Rachel quickly found out what Jacob liked and taught Leah how to flirt with him. Laban told Jacob at the BEGINNING of the 7 years that he couldn't marry the younger daughter before the older daughter. Jacob was at first relunctant But when Leah started flirting with him the way he liked he decided to marry Leah. However after the wedding night Leah 'had what she wanted' and had no reason to placate Jacob. She started acting herself. It was only at this point that Jacob realized he was double-crossed and not getting the physical flirtations he wanted from a wife. Laban simply reminded him of the deal they had made SEVEN YEARS AGO but offered him Rachel also ------------------------------------------------------- The above approach to Rashi makes 'sense.' It also has RELEVANCE. It is well known that INCIDENTS OF THE PATRIARCHS mirror EXPECTATIONS TO THE CHILDREN. No Jew really worries about being double crossed in whom he marries. But it is relevant to religious men to be aware that women play such games with them--Rachels will frequently help fellow women like Leah to catch men. Women think it silly that men are interested in physical attributes and not in personality. So this incident as interpreted above has extreme relevance to us. *16 Rashi seems to derive this textually. Rashi states ------------------------------------------------ Nu26-59 states - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ...Yocheven who was BORN to Levi IN EGYPT - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Her BIRTH was IN EGYPT but her PREGNANCY was outside of Egypt ------------------------------------------------ However there is no textual basis for making this emphasis The phrase ---------------------------------------------- who was born to Levi in Egypt ----------------------------------------------- does not connote that her pregnancy was outside of Egypt. Therefore we find it preferable to state that Rashi's derivation is purely from logic. That is the only way to resolve the CONTRADICTION is to assume someone did NOT COME with Jacob but was in Egypt anyway because they were born outside of Egypt. Then a search of the Bible reveals only one possible candidate for this person: Yocheved. |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex06-29b
RASHIS COVERED: Ex06-29b Ex06-30a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 5 main goals is to indicate paragraph structure. The modern author can indicate paragraph structure thru either - indentation or - white space: blank lines surrounding the paragraph. One method by which the Bible indicates paragraph structure is to use a THEME-DETAIL-THEME style--that is - a THEME sentence is stated, - followed by some DETAILS of that theme and concluding - with a repetition of the THEME sentence. Thus the opening and closing THEME sentence form brackets indicating a paragraph unit. Recall that in modern writing, the details of a paragraph develop the theme sentence of the paragraph. Since the THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure indicates a biblical paragraph, therefore the DETAILs are seen as the DEVELOPMENT of the paragraph We call this Rashi method the THEME-DETAIL-THEME or GENERAL-DETAIL-GENERAL submethod of the RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE method. The name RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE method reflects the fact that the THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure is mentioned among the 13 exegetical rules of Rabbi Ishmael. EXAMPLE Ex06-29b ------------------ This is a peachy example since it forms the paradigm and basis for the THEME-DETAIL-THEME method. Ex06-10:30 has the following structure --------------------------------------------------- SECTION BIBLICAL TEXT ------- ------------------------------------------ General God asks Moses to take Jews out of Egypt General Moses complains he is a stuterer and unable Detail Genealogies: Reuven,Shimon,Levi... Detail Genealogies: Moses parents etc General God asks Moses to take Jews out of Egypt General Moses complains he is a stuterer and unable --------------------------------------------------- Rashi is remarkably simple and straigtforward in his comments ------------------------------------------- The paragraph has a THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure Hence the repetition of the opening and closing verses ------------------------------------------- Rashi says nothing more. He does NOT explain how the paragraph structure enhances meaning. We would augment Rashi as follows -------------------------------------------- Since the THEME sentence is --------------------------- God requests Moses to redeem --------------------------- therefore we must recognize the DETAIL sentences (which speak about Moses genealogy) AS UNIFIED AND COMMENTING on the THEME sentence. Moses/Aaron came from LEVI. LEVI was the fighter. He joined with SHIMON to destroy the city that raped their sister. Hence it is fitting that Moses a descendant of fighters should be picked to redeem the Jewish people. We also see Moses FIGHTING spirit in Ex02 since (a) he kills the Egyptian taskmaster molesting a Jew (b) he tried to stop 2 Jews from fighting (c) He saves the daughters of Jethro from molestation. So indeed the DETAIL section comments (indirectly) on the theme section: Moses a fighter AND a descendant of fighters was asked by God to redeem the Jews. LIST460v below summarizes this arguments. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | STYLE | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | GENERAL-DETAIL-GENERAL | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #25 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST460v | |
List of clauses in | Ex07-10:30 (God asks Moses to redeem) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
List of clauses in Ex07-10:30 (God asks Moses to redeem) | ||
SECTION | BIBLICAL TEXT | |
General | God asks Moses to take Jews out of Egypt | |
General | Moses complains he is a stuterer and unable | |
------ | ----------------------------------------- | |
Detail | Genealogies: Reuven,Shimon,Levi... | |
Detail | Genealogies: Moses parents etc | |
------ | ----------------------------------------- | |
General | God asks Moses to take Jews out of Egypt | |
General | Moses complains he is a stuterer and unable | |
Notes | ||
----- | ||
*1 Rashi | is remarkably simple and straigtforward | |
in his co | mments | |
--------- | ---------------------------------- | |
The parag | raph has a THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure | |
Hence the | repetition of the opening and closing | |
verses | ||
--------- | ---------------------------------- | |
Rashi say | s nothing more. He does NOT explain how | |
the parag | raph structure enhances meaning. We would | |
augment R | ashi as follows | |
--------- | ----------------------------------- | |
Since the | THEME sentence is | |
--------- | ------------------ | |
God reque | sts Moses to redeem | |
--------- | ------------------ | |
therefore | we must recognize the DETAIL | |
sentences | (which speak about Moses | |
genealogy | ) AS UNIFIED AND COMMENTING | |
on the TH | EME sentence. | |
Moses/Aar | on came from LEVI. LEVI was | |
the fight | er. He joined with SHIMON | |
to destro | y the city that raped their | |
sister. H | ence it is fitting that | |
Moses a d | escendant of fighters should | |
be picked | to redeem the Jewish people. | |
We also s | ee Moses FIGHTING spirit in | |
Ex02 sinc | e (a) he kills the Egyptian | |
taskmaste | r molesting a Jew (b) he | |
tried to | stop 2 Jews from fighting | |
(c) He sa | ves the daughters of Jethro | |
from mole | station. | |
So indeed | the DETAIL section | |
comments | (indirectly) on the theme | |
section: | Moses a fighter AND | |
a descend | ant of fighters was asked | |
by God to | redeem the Jews. | |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex07-28b
RASHIS COVERED: Ex07-28b Ex07-29a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- Rashi frequently made inferences based on the Biblical STYLE. We call this Rashi Rule the RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE rule. A powerful style rule was the painting of a verse in a CLIMACTIC DEVELOPMENT manner. We call this the RASHI SUBRULE of CLIMAX EXAMPLE Ex07-28b ---------------- Ex07-26:29 describes the plague of Frogs. Moses states ----------------------------------- The Frogs will come up - to your (PHAROH's) personal HOUSE and bedroom - to the HOUSE of your STAFF - your NATION - AMONG YOU,NATION/STAFF ----------------------------------- Rashi interprets the paragraph CLIMACTICALLY -------------------------------------------- - 1st the Frogs will attack the HOUSE of Pharoh who initiated the evil - 2nd the Frogs will attack the HOUSES of Pharoh's STAFF - 3rd the Frogs will attack the NATION who complied with the evil decrees - 4th the Frogs will attack the PEOPLE THEMSELVES and e.g. jump into their mouths --------------------------------------------- Again: Rashi's derivation is NOT from strange words or grammar. It is not even from the contrast - Attack the HOUSE of (Attack on utensils) - Attack AMOUNG you (Personal attack) Rather Rashi infers his derivation from the ASSUMPTION that the list of paragraph items SHOULD be interpreted CLIMACTICALLY. AFTER assuming this Rashi felt justified in emphasizing the difference between ATTACK HOUSE vs ATTACK AMONG YOU and interpreted the frog attacks in two stages (POSSESSIONS/PERSONAL). LIST451d below summarizes the above | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | CLIMAX | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #25 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST451d | |
Climactic structure of | Ex07-26:29-Frog Attack:King,Staff,Nat |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
Climactic structure of Ex07-26:29-Frog Attack:King,Staff,Nation... | ||
VERSE TEXT...FROGS ATTACK | Interpretation using CLIMAX | |
HOUSE of Pharoh | King 1st--he made the evil decrees | |
HOUSE of Pharoh's staff | Staff 2nd--they advised King on evil | |
Nation Nation 3r | d--they followed the orders | |
AMONG Pharoh,nation,staff | 1st POSSESSIONS(House);2nd PERSONAL*1 | |
|
||
*1 So in the 4th stage the Frogs would not just be in the HOUSE but attack the people, try jumping into their mouth etc. | ||
|
||
*10 Again: Rashi's derivation is NOT from strange words or grammar. It is not even from the contrast - Attack the HOUSE of (Attack on utensils) - Attack AMOUNG you (Personal attack) Rather Rashi infers his derivation from the ASSUMPTION that the list of paragraph items SHOULD be interpreted CLIMACTICALLY. AFTER assuming this Rashi felt justified in emphasizing the difference between ATTACK HOUSE vs ATTACK AMONG YOU and interpreted the frog attacks in two stages (POSSESSIONS/HOUSE). |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2005, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex06-09a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 10 main methods is the explanation of meaning the same way a dictionary explains meaning. We call this the WORD MEANING method. ---------------------------------------------- Rashi had 10 vehicles to explain meaning. The SYNONYM submethod takes words with known meanings and shows the similarity and nuances in each term. ---------------------------------------------- EXAMPLE: Ex06-09a ----------------- Ex06-09 states ------------------------------ Moses spoke to the people as God instructed him but they did not ACCEPT his words that God would redeem him ------------------------------ Rashi comments on the Hebrew word Shin Mem Ayin which we have translated as ACCEPT --------------------------------------------- Shin Mem Ayin primarily means to HEAR but can also mean b) Understand, c) Accept, d) Obey --------------------------------------------- LIST955z presents other Rashis commenting on SYNONYMS | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | WORD MEANINGS | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | SYNONYMS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST955z | |
List of | Synonym pairs |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||||
List of Synonym pairs LIST955z continues LIST955a | ||||
VERSE | WORD | BASIC IDEA | NUANCES | |
Ex06-09a | $-M-& | Hear | Hear | |
-------- | $-M-& | Hear | Understand | |
-------- | $-M-& | Hear | Obey | |
-------- | $-M-& | Hear | Accept | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Gn25-17b | G-V-& | Death | Death of Righteous person*14 | |
- - - - | M-W-T | Death | Death of any person*14 | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Gn24-17b | G-M-A | Drink | SLURP | |
- - - - | S-T-H | Drink | DRINK | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Gn19-11a | P-T-X | Door | OPENING | |
Gn19-10 | D-L-T | Door | DOOR | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt28-65c | K-L-H | EXPECT | HOPE-not necessarily fulfilld | |
- - - - | I-X-L | EXPECT | EXPECT | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt28-32a | K-L-H | EXPECT | HOPE-not necessarily fulfilld | |
- - - - | I-X-L | EXPECT | EXPECT | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt23-02a | CtCrsh | Testicle | CRUSHED testicles(CUT-CRUSH) | |
Dt23-02b | CtSpll | Testicle | CUT penal shaft(CUT-SPILL) | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Nu22-08c | YASHAV | location | STAY OVER | |
- - - - | AVAR | location | PASS THRU | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
- - - - | YASHAV | position | SIT | |
- - - - | AMAD | position | STAND | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Gn32-05a | YASHAV | residence | DWELL | |
- - - - | GUR | residence | FOREIGNER | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Nu21-20d | PISGAH | High | Cliff | |
-------- | HAR | High | Mountain | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Nu13-23a | ZMoRaH | Grapes | Grape VINE | |
Nu13-23 | EshKoL | Grapes | Grape CLUSTER | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Lv22-18a | NDR*13 | Donation | VOW-eg I-ll bring a sacrifice | |
Lv22-18b | NDBH | Donation | DONATION-eg Donate Tmpl money | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Lv22-22a | &WRT | Blind | Feminine form | |
- - - - | &WR | Blind | Masculine form | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Lv13-45a | PRM | Tear | tear ON SEAM | |
- - - - | QR& | Tear | GENERAL tear | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Ex28-28c | XBR | Unite | Unite | |
- - - - | RKS | Unite | Unite by TIGHTENING*8 | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Nu17-21a | TWK | In | Centrally in *7 | |
- - - - | Beth | In | In | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Gn01-11a | D$A | FIELD | MEADOW*6 | |
- - - - | &SW | FIELD | GRASS*6 | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt28-68a | ANIH | BOAT | Both words mean boat *5 | |
- - - - | SFINH | BOAT | Both words mean boat *5 | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt18-03c | Z-R-A | HAND/THROW | ZRA=arm; ZRA=to scatter | |
-------- | Y-D-H | HAND/THROW | YD=hand; YDH=to throw | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt13-06a | S-R-H | FABRICATE | it is REMOVED from reality*4 | |
-------- | B-D-A | FABRICATE | it is ISOLATED from reality | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt05-17b | A-V-H | DESIRE*3 | desire in ONES HEART-FANTASIZ | |
Ex20-17 | X-M-D | DESIRE*3 | COVET-desire ACQUISITION | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt11-25c | P-X-D | FEAR | IMMEDIATE Fear-Good pimples*1 | |
Dt11-25d | M-R-H | FEAR | ANXIETY-LONG TERM Fear-vision | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
Dt11-14c | I-R-H | RAIN*2 F | IRST rain-IMPREGNATES ground | |
Dt11-14d | MLK$ | RAIN*2 | FINAL rain-SOFTENS Ground | |
------- | ----- | ------ | ---------------------- | |
|
||||
*1 Also Rashi Dt11-25b. It seems reasonable that - P-Ch-D comes from Poh-Chad - SHARP and would refer to e.g. getting GOOSE PIMPLES (Sharpnesses in skin) from fear - MoRaH comes from Y-R-A = vision = LONG TERM apprehension over the future.*10 *2 - YOREH seems to comes from HRH to make pregnant. It would look at the rain as ENABLING the seeds to grow - MALKOSH seesm to come from LKSH - TO THE HARD(KSH) GRAIN and would refer to a final softening rain before the produce. See LIST910i *11 *3 It is hard to absolutely prove that - A-V-H means FANTASIZE vs - Ch-M-D means DESIRE ACQUISITION The verses show that - A-V-H is an act of the HEART while - Ch-M-D is focused on ACQUIRING OBJECTS See LIST955h for further details (Also see Rashi Gn27-15a Gn03-06c Gn03-06d) *4 On Dt19-16a Rashi gives an example of REMOVED/FABRICATED Testimony--when eg witnesses testify to a murder in NY and other witnesses come stating that the 1st witnesses were with them in Chicago at the time of witnessing--thus the murder testimony is totally removed from the real word *5 Undoubtedly there is probably a subtle difference between ANIH/SFINH but it is not possible to determine this from verses. An interesting statistical note is the following - SFINH occurs ONCE in the Bible - ANIH occurs 3 dozen times in the Bible - But in Biblical times the frequencies were reversed Hence, Rashi, in explaining the more frequently occurring ANIH was responding to the rarity of this word IN HIS TIME *6 - GRASS can refer to MANY or SINGULAR grass - MEADOW only refers to a WHOLE MEADOW of GRASS *7 TWK verses Beth (CENTRALLY IN vs IN) explains several Rashis: Nu17-21a Gn02-09b Ex24-1a Lv24-10c Gn01-06b Nu35-34a See LIST955j *8 Hence - Ex28-28c TIGHTEN the AYFOD garment - P031-21 Save me from GANGS(people TIGHTELY together) - Is40-04 God will smooth the TIGHT mountains (Rashi explains that TIGHT MOUNTAINS are mountains close together with deep georges between them)*12 | ||||
|
||||
*10 The reader need NOT believe the above etymologies For frequently Rashi explains synonyms without reference to etymologies and even without reference to verses. However some of the above etymologies seem reasonable and may enrich our appreciation of the synonyms. *11 Rashi gives another etymology from the Aramaic. However in this list we advocate the 2nd explanation of Rashi over the 1st. Furthermore in this particular case the 2nd explanation comes internally from Hebrew while the 1st Rashi explanation INFERS usage from Aramaic but does not EXPLAIN it. *12 Rashi translates RKS as UNITE. I have examined the verses and think the nuances of TIGHTEN-which is a particular form of tightening is more precise Rashi and my analysis apparently override the RADACK who translates (from context) RKS as meaning HIGH. Compare - RAISE the AYFOD (By tightening it) - Save me from HAUGHTY people - God will smooth the HIGH mountains *13 Rashi brings several distinctions on the nuances between VOWS vs DONATIONS - VOWS are PERSONAL (eg I will bring...) - DONATIONS are OBJECT oriented (eg This material is to Tmpl) - VOWS come for OFFERINGS - DONATIONS come for TEMPLE repairs - VOWS come for personal EXPIATION - DONATIONS do not come personal EXPIATION Rashi in fact notes that the word FOR EXPIATION (Resh-Tzade-Hey) does occur in Lv22-23. However this is just an accident. The main Rashi point comes from the VOW:DONATION difference---in English also - VOW has personal connotation (I undertake..) while - DONATION has object connotation (this item goes to..) *14 See LIST854O |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10 | |||
# | LIST | BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES | |
15 | 530a | Aaron's rod became snake;became rod; then devoured other rods | |
25 | 460v | Moses was a descendant of Levi the fighter;worthy for redeemer | |
25 | 451d | Frogs attack 1) House of Pharoh 2) Staff 3) Nation 4)People | |
7 | 955z | HEAR means a)Hear b) Accept c) Understand d) Obey | |
|
|||
*10 The explanation of the list should be clear - The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used All Rashi rules may be found with examples at http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm - The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and includes the example presented in the third column - The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. All lists may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lists.htm |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
| |||
VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ===================================== | |
Ex07-12a | CONTRADICTION | Rod->Snake->Rod->Devoured other rods | |
Ex06-29b | STYLE | Moses descendant of fighters=redeemer | |
Ex06-30a | STYLE | Moses descendant of fighters=redeemer | |
Ex07-28b | CLIMAX | Frogs attack Houses then People | |
Ex07-29a | CLIMAX | Frogs attack Houses then People | |
Ex06-09a | SYNONYMS | HEAR=a)hear b)Understand c)Accept... | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#