SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
The FORMATTING rule seeks to explain Rashis based on
the FORMATTING of the Biblical text. FORMATTING techniques
in modern writing include use of bold, italics,underline,
bullets, paragraph indentation and similar items. The Bible
indicated FORMATTING using its own techniques: For example
- the Bible indicates bold,italics, underline thru REPETITION
- the Bible indicates bulleting, thru REPEATING keywords
The Bible can also indicate formatting thru meaning without
any formal structure.

EXAMPLE 1:Lv12-07b
-------------------------------------
The Biblical chapter Lv12-01:08
has the following clear
paragraph structure:

----------------------------------------------------------
#   VERSE          TOPIC OF PARAGRAPH
--  -------------- ----------------------------------------
A:  Lv12-01:03     Childbirth of male confers 7 days impurity
B1: Lv15-04        Plus an additional 33 days impurity
B2: Lv15-05        Childbirth of female confers 66 days impurity
C:  Lv15-06        After impurity days bring UP and Sin offering
D:  Lv15-07        Priest offers it
E:  Lv15-08        AND SHE IS PURE
----------------------------------------------------------

Rashi comments
---------------------------------------
She is pure AFTER she brings the sacrifice
AND it is offered
---------------------------------------

Rashi made his comment based on the paragraph
structure which presents a sequence of procedures.


LIST108b below summarizes this argument.

PARAGRAPH structure of   Lv12-01:07-procedure sequence

SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashi's 10 major methods is the WORD MEANING method;
Rashi explains the meaning of words the same way the dictionary
explains meaning.  Rashi had 10 methods to explain meaning.
One of them is the UNIFIED MEANING method in which Rashi shows
how disparate meanings of one root have an underlying unified
meaning.

EXAMPLE: Lv15-31a
-----------------
Verse Lv15-31 states
--------------------------------------------
ELEVATE the Jews from their RITUAL IMPURITY
--------------------------------------------

Rashi comments
-----------------------------------------
The root NUN-ZAYIN-RESH means to ELEVATE,
to SEPARATE to a HIGHER plane.
-----------------------------------------

We present some other verses where NZR
means ELEVATE, RAISE HIGHER. We see this
is consistent with the other meanings of
NZR such as CROWN, LEADERSHIP, HONOR
----------------------------------------------------
VERSE    Text of verse with meaning of NZR capped
-------  -------------------------------------------
2C23-11  They put the CROWN on him...and proclaimed him king
P089-40  You have renounced him..profaned his HONOR to the ground
Dt33-16  ....to Joseph's tip of the head...the LEADER of brothers
Nu06-02  He abstains from wine to ELEVATE himself to God
Lv15-31a ELEVATE the Jews from their ritual impurity
-----------------------------------------------------

LIST864h belows summarizes this argument.

List of meanings of root Nun-Zayin-Resh:Elevated,Crown,honored

SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 10 main goals was the resolution of
contradictions. These contradictions typically arise
from two verses stating contradictory things.
We call this the RASHI RULE OF CONTRADICTION.

Rashi had three methods to resolve contradiction. If
the CONTRADICTION could be resolved by viewing the
contradictory verses as two aspects of the same item then
we employ the TWO ASPECTS method of resolution. If
the CONTRADICTION could be resolved by viewing the
contradictory verses as two stages of the same process then
we employ the TWO STAGES submethod. Finally if the
CONTRADICTION could be resolved by retranslating the verses
using broader or more literal meanings then we use the
BROAD-LITERAL submethod.

EXAMPLE Lv15-13a
----------------
Lv15-01:15 discusses
the ritual impurity of the person
with discharge as well as the purification
ceremony that follows.

Lv15-12 states
-----------------------------------------
And when he, who has a discharge,
is PURIFIED of his discharge; then
he shall count to himself seven days for his cleansing, and
wash his clothes, and
bathe his flesh in running water,
and shall be PURE
------------------------------------------

The two hilighted words PURE
show the CONTRADICTION.

Which is it? Does he become PURE
- AFTER (a) 7 days, (b) washing clothes and
(c) immersion in water or
- is he ritually pure BEFORE

Rashi resolves this CONTRADICTION using
the BROAD-LITERAL method of
CONTRADICTION resolution. The verse Lv15-12
retranslated with Rashi's comments is as
follows:

-----------------------------------------------------------
VERSE TEXT                          RASHI COMMENT
---------------------------------   -----------------------
And when he, who has a discharge,
is PURIFIED of his discharge; then  The impurity stops
he shall count to himself 7 days    Count 7
wash his clothes, and               Immerse in water
bathe his flesh in running water,   Immerse in water
and shall be PURE                   Becomes Ritually impure
-----------------------------------------------------------

In summary Rashi translates the
word PURE both
- BROADLY: Cessation of the impurity and
- LITERALLY: Is ritually impure

LIST520a below gives other examples of CONTRADICTORY
verses resolved thru TWO ASPECTS

A list of verse pairs    with BROAD-LITERAL usage

VERY BRIEF SUMMARY
------------------
One of Rashis 10 main goals is to explain the
rules of Grammar the same way Hebrew grammar
books explain grammar.

One important focus of grammar is the
plural-singular principles. Many people naively
believe that every sentence must be ALL singular
or ALL plural. In fact combining SINGULAR with
PLURAL is very common in sentences.

A variety of examples and rules are presented
below.  Here are some simple guidelines and
examples

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: This set of 4 rules
---------------- was inspired by the Malbim.

RULE 1
------
SINGULR(V) SINGULAR(S)--eg EACH PERSON HE MOUNTS

-- SINGULAR SINGULAR is used to indicate NO
commonality (Every person does it his own way)

EXAMPLE
-------
After Benjamin was caught, each of Jacobs sons,
HE MOUNTED HIS DONKEY

(RASHI: They were so upset they mounted
individually without helping each other)


RULE 2
------
PLURAL(V) SINGULAR(S) SINGULAR(DO)-eg
-- each person THEY RETURN to HIS inheritance

PLURAL SINGULAR SINGULAR indicates
---- a COMMON act
---- but INDIVIDUALLY done

EXAMPLE
-------
So the JUBILEE year is a COMMON free-er
of all slaves (PLURAL: THEY RETURN). But
each person goes back to HIS individual
inheritance.

RULE 3
------
PLURAL(V) PLURAL(S)--eg THEY offer THEIR sacrifices

PLURAL PLURAL indicates a COMMUNAL act done
by the community as a whole.

EXAMPLE
--------
So SINGULAR (HE OFFERS) indicates a personal
UP offering while by contrast a PLURAL (THEY
OFFER) indicates a COMMUNITY UP OFFERING
(Brought by the community as a whole)


RULE 4a
-------
SINGULAR (V) PLURAL (S) -- e.g
the rings--IT will be for housing the poles

SINGULAR PLURAL connotes a task performed
by the group.

EXAMPLE
-----------------------------------------
The ringS--IT will be to house the
carrying poles.
----------------------------------

RULE 4b
-------
SINGULAR (V) PLURAL (S) -- e.g.
----------------------------------
bring UP and SIN Offering...
the priest offers IT
----------------------------------

Rashi comments
---------------
Singular Plural connotes that
it is PREFERRED to have 2 items
but only 1 item is REQUIRED. Here
the women becomes pure as soon as
the SIN offering is offered even
though she also has to have offered
the UP offering.

There are more rules but this will suffice for now
LIST070a belows summarizes this rule.

List of verses with      Plural-Singular Sub Verb

SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Rashi will frequentlly make a comment by making broad
database inquiries. A database inquiry is simply a question
addressed to a large databank---typically a large collection
of verses. Thus DATABASE methods typically span many diverse
verses.

EXAMPLE Lv13-12b
----------------
Today we ask the query
----------------------------------
How is the REVU of the Priest
of lepors indicated
----------------------------------

As shown in the list below the typical phrase is
- THE PRIEST SEES
In one case the PASSIVE is used
- WILL BE SEEN BY THE PRIEST
However although the above phrases occur
frequently in one verse we have the anomalous phrase
- ACCORDING TO THE SIGHTS OF THE EYES OF THE PRIEST

This phrase is anomalous among several dozen typical
phrases such as THE PRIEST SEES. Because of this
anomaly which is shown by the database query Rashi
comes to the conclusion that
- the priest must have good sight.
Hence Priests with
- macular degeneration
- cataracts
are ineligible to review lepors.

LIST606P below summarizes this argument

List of             Phrases describing REVU of priest(Lv13)

Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10