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               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 29 Number 25
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                     Produced June 6th, 2006
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HELPFUL READING TIPS
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU HAVE WHAT SHOULD YOU READ SECTION COLOR
Only 2-3 mintues SUCCINT SUMMARY BROWN
Only 5-8 minutes LISTS BROWN/BEIGE/BLUE
Maybe 20-30 minutes BIG FOOTNOTE SECTION GREEN SECTION
Time to do research SUMMARY OVERVIEWS*2 Newsletter Bottom
COMMENTS
*1 FIXED WIDTH FONTS are needed for the TEXT version
For the HTML version you do not need to reset the browser

For html or PDF version visit
http://www.Rashiyomi.com/ris.htm

*2 Each digest has two summary overviews on bottom:
- LIGHTNING SUMMARIES (List of lists in this issue)
- OVERVIEW (List of Rashis covered in this issue)
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Nu06-24a
RASHIS COVERED: Nu06-24a Nu06-24b Nu06-25a Nu06-25b Nu06-26a
Nu06-24a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Some Rashi comments deal with FORMATTING.
Modern authors FORMAT using such techniques as
BULLETS, PARAGRAPHING, BOLD, ITALICS and UNDERLINE.
The Biblical Author achieved these effects but thru
different means.

For example a modern author might hilight distinct
items using BULLETS. The Biblical Author hilights
distinct items using REPEATING KEYWORDS.

We call this the Rashi rule of FORMATTING with the Rashi
subrule of KEYWORDS AS BULLETS

Rashi could also infer from the general PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE
(without any keywords). We call this the the Rashi rule of
FORMATTING with the Rashi subrule of PARAGRAPHS.

A powerful formatting subrule is the painting of a verse in a
CLIMACTIC DEVELOPMENT manner. We call this the RASHI SUBRULE of
CLIMAX. It is important to emphasize the relevance of the
CLIMAX rule---Rashi is NOT deriving meaning from individual
words but rather Rashi is deriving meaning from the CLIMACTIC
structure which implies meaning by CONTEXT. This difference
of derivation---meanting from PARAGARPH CONTEXT vs. meaning
from INDIVIDUAL WORD MEANINGS is fundamental to understanding
CLIMAX.

EXAMPLE Nu09-21:22
-------------------
A classical example of meaning inference
from CLIMAX occurs in Nu09-21:22
---------------------------------------------
And so it was, when the cloud abode
from evening to the morning, and the cloud was taken up in the morning,
then they journeyed;
- whether it was by day or by night that
the cloud was taken up, they journeyed.
- Or whether it was two days,
- or a month,
- or DAYS,[Rashi: DAYS means a YEAR]
that the cloud stayed upon the tabernacle,
remaining on it, the people of Israel abode
in their tents, and journeyed not;
but when it was taken up, they journeyed.
----------------------------------------------

The Rashi comment "DAYS means a YEAR" is not because
in other verses the word DAYS can mean YEARS; rather
the Rashi comment "DAYS means a YEAR" is derived
from the CLIMACTIC structure
- day or night
- 2 days
- month
- DAYS.

This example clearly shows that CLIMAX is an independent
method of inferring meaning.

EXAMPLE Nu06-24:26
------------------
Nu06-24:26 presents the Priestly blessing.
When FORMATTED in CLIMACTIC order this blessing
indicates specific meaning to the individual phrases
------------------------------------------------
- The Lord BLESS you, and
- WATCH you;
- The Lord make his face SHINE upon you, and
- be GRACIOUS to you;
- The Lord lift up HIS COUNTENANCE upon you,
- and give you PEACE.
-------------------------------------------------

The capped words, BLESS, WATCH, SHINE all have
similar meanings. However the CLIMACTIC structure
suggests specific nuances. Rashi comments as follows
------------------------------------------------
- The Lord BLESS you, and  [Rashi: Blessings of Assets]
- WATCH you; [Rashi: 1st Assets-2nd protection from theft]
- The Lord make his face SHINE upon you, and
[Rashi:Assets,protection,happiness]
- be GRACIOUS to you; [Rashi: Social acceptability]
- The Lord lift up HIS FACE upon you,
[Rashi: Religious acceptability]
- and give you PEACE. [No Rashi:Peace is the ultimate climax]
-------------------------------------------------

In certain cases we have rephrased Rashi's literal comments
to indicate the CLIMAX. For example Rashi interprets
Graciously to mean "God will give you grace" and we have
reinterpreted this to mean "Social grace."  This
reinterpretation is consistent with the meaning of
the word and with the paragraph structure.

LIST451g summarizes this CLIMAX.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS CLIMAX
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #25
SEE BELOW LIST451g
Climactic structure of Nu06-24:26:Bless-Protect-Happy..Peace
LIST451g
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Climactic structure of   Nu06-24:26:Bless-Protect-Happy..Peace
The Lord BLESS you, and Blessings of Assets*1
The Lord SHINES upon you, 1) Assets,2)protection,3)happiness*3
be GRACIOUS to you; Social acceptability*4
The Lord FACE you Religious acceptability*5
and give you PEACE. Peace is the ultimate climax*6
COMMENTS
*1 Rashi: Nu06-24a

*2 Rashi: Nu06-24b

*3 Rashi: Nu06-25a
Rashi literally says "God will show you a smiling
laughing face."

*4 Rashi: Nu06-25b
Rashi simply says "God will give you grace"
We think it appropriate to interpret this as SOCIAL grace

*5 Rashi: Nu06-26a
Rashi literally says "God will not get angry at you"
We have interpreted this to mean "Religious acceptability"

*6 No Rashi here. But the Rashi-like comment we have made is
made by Rashi on a similar CLIMAX in Lv26-06a.
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Nu05-15e
Nu05-15e
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Rashi frequently makes powerful inferences from
- the ALIGNMENT,
- that is, the word by word comparison,
of almost identical  verses.The minor variations
between these almost similar  verses suggests nuances
and differences or even meaning. We
call this the Rashi rule of ALIGNMENT

-When Rashi identifies two cases from the ALIGNMENT we call
this the Rashi subrule of TWO CASES

-When Rashi infers nuances from the variations between the
almost similar verses (or verse phrases) we call this the
Rashi subrule of NUANCES.

-When Rashi infers MEANING from the ALIGNMENT of almost
identical phrases we call this the Rashi SUBRULE of MEANING.

EXAMPLE 1: Nu05-15e
-------------------
First by way of background, recall that all
nouns in Hebrew, unlike English, have gender:
A noun can either be masculine or feminine.
ALIGNING Nu05-15e with Nu05-18 shows
different genders in the same noun-phrase!
The ALIGNMENT clarifies why these same phrases
have different genders.

The text of the two verses is as follows:
-----------------------------------------------------------
Nu05-15. he shall bring her offering for her,
the tenth part of an ephah of barley meal;
he shall pour no oil upon it,
nor put frankincense on it;
for IT IS A JEALOUSY OFFERING,
an offering of memorial, bringing iniquity to remembrance

Nu05-18. And the priest shall set the
woman before the Lord, and loosen the
hair of the woman’s head, and put the
offering of memorial in her hands--
IT IS A JEALOUSY OFFERING--and the priest shall
have in his hand the bitter water that causes the curse;
----------------------------------------------------------

The crucial phrases in the two verses are as follows
----------------------------------------------------------
he'll bring.... barley..         it(m) is a offering of jealousy,
place the offering in her hands, it(g) is a offering of jealousy
-----------------------------------------------------------------

Rashi is remarkably simple
---------------------------------------------------------
- BARLEY is MASCULINE
- OFFERING is FEMININE
Hence the first sentence whose subject is barley uses a
masculine gender while the 2nd sentence whose subject is
offering uses a feminine gender.
---------------------------------------------------------

LIST314L below summarizes this argument.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: ALIGNMENT
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 2 CASES
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #10
SEE BELOW LIST314L
Alignment of verses with discussion of the JEALOUSY offering
LIST314L
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Alignment of verses with discussion of the JEALOUSY offering
Phrase 1 Phrase 2
he'll bring.... BARLEY.. it(m) is a offering of jealousy*1
place the OFFERING in her hands, it(g) is a offering of jealousy*2
*3 *4
COMMENTS
*1 Nu05-15e

*2 Nu05-18

*3 - Nu05-15e has BARLEY as the subject
- Nu05-18  has OFFERING as the subject

*4  This phrase is identical in both verses--yet the gender of
the word IT differs! Rashi explains
--------------------------------------------------
BARLEY is masculine; hence IT is masculine in Nu05-18
OFFERING is feminine; hence IT is feminine in Nu05-18
--------------------------------------------------
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Nu04-15c
Nu04-15c
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
A powerful but simple Rashi method is the CITATION or CROSS-
REFERENCING of an OTHER VERSE for the purpose of adding
FURTHER DETAILS to a verse we are studying. We call this
the OTHER VERSE method. There are three submethods to the
OTHER VERSE method.

If the verse actually CITES or refers to an OTHER VERSE we
call this the SUBMETHOD of CITATION.

If the OTHER VERSE explains the meaning of
some term in the first verse we call this the SUBMETHOD
of MEANING.

If the first verse does not cite an other verse and if
no meaning is explained then we call this the SUBMETHOD
of FURTHER DETAILS since the 2nd verse either confirms
the first verse or typically adds FURTHER DETAILS to
the first verse

EXAMPLE 1: Nu04-15c
-------------------
Verse Nu04-15c states
----------------------------------------------
And when Aaron and his sons have finished
covering the sanctuary, and all the utensils
of the sanctuary, as the camp is to set forward;
after that, the sons of Kohath shall come to
carry it; but they shall not touch any holy thing,
LEST THEY DIE. These things are the burden of
the sons of Kohath in the Tent of Meeting.
----------------------------------------------

Rashi clarifies the capped phrase
----------------------------------
LEST THEY DIE
----------------------------------

by citing an OTHER VERSE which gives
further details. Nu18-01:03 states
-------------------------------------------------
And the Lord said to Aaron, You and your
sons and your father’s house with you
shall bear the iniquity of the sanctuary;
and you and your sons with you shall
bear the iniquity of your priesthood.
And your brothers also of the tribe of Levi,
the tribe of your father, bring with you,
that they may be joined to you, and
minister to you; but you and your sons
with you shall minister before the
Tent of Testimony. And they shall keep your
charge, and the charge of all the Tent;
only they shall not come near the utensils
of the sanctuary and the altar, that NEITHER
THEY NOR YOU ALSO DIE
--------------------------------------------------

LIST210w presents other examples of verse pairs
with one verse illuminating an other verse
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS OTHER VERSES
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS FURTHER DETAILS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #1
SEE BELOW LIST210w
List of verses pairs with one verse illuminating another
LIST210w
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of verses pairs     with one verse illuminating another
LIST210w CONTINUES LIST210a LIST210z LIST210y LIST210x
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE OTHER VRSE DETAILS
Nu04-15c Priests 1st--no death Nu18-01:03 Death penalty
------- ---------------------- ---------- -----------------
Lv25-08a Seven SABBATHS of YEARS Lv25-01:04 Land SABBATICAL Year
Lv25-08a Seven SABBATHS of YEARS Dt15-01:02 LOAN-RELEASE Year
------- ---------------------- ---------- -----------------
Nu07-11a Judah,Issachar,Zevulun.. Nu02 Judah,Issachr,Zev*9
Nu07-13a They brought FLOUR gifts Nu15-04:16 for MINCHAH OFFERING
------- ---------------------- ---------- -----------------
Lv10-12c The MINCHAH*10,*11 Lv09-17 CONSECRATION MINCHAH
Lv10-14a WAIVED BREAST Lv09-18:21 CONSECRATION Peace
------- ---------------------- ---------- -----------------
Lv08-09a Tzitz on Turban Ex39-30:31 Tzitz-thread on Trbn
Lv05-18a bring an ASSESSED ram*7 Lv05-16 Worth 2 Silver Shkel
Lv01-16c Eastern altar;ASH place Lv06-03 ASHES from offerings
Lv01-16d Eastern altar;ASH place Lv06-03 ASHES from offerings
Lv05-16a Pay HIS SIN+a fifth Nu05-07 Pay PRINCIPAL+fifth
Lv05-23a When he sins& is guilty Nu05-06:07 Sins&CONFESSES guilt
Ex29-29a Aaron's clothes to SONS Lv21-10 HIGH/CHIEF priest
Ex29-29b To ANNOINT in them Lv21-10 Pour OIL ON HEAD*5
Ex29-29c FILL(Induct) in them Lv21-10 FILL(Induct)in them
------- ----------------------- --------- ------------------
Ex29-28a STATUE TO PRIESTS Lv07-34 Breast/Shoulder*6
Ex29-28b it is RAISED Lv07-34 Breast/Shoulder*6
------- ----------------------- --------- ------------------
Ex25-17a Make a KAPORETH Ex25-21 KAPORETH=Ark COVER
Ex21-13a Murderer HUNTS Dt19-11 Murderer ambushes*4
Ex24-12b Go up MOUNTAIN for Torah Dt09-09:11 Go up 40 days
Ex23-24a demolish THEM*18 Dt12-03 THEM=Their idols*1
------- ----------------------- --------- ------------------
Ex24-02a Moses alone approaches Ex20-18 God in Dark Cloud*2
Ex24-03b All Gods commands Ex19-10:25 3 day preparation
Ex24-03c All Gods ordinances*3 Ex15-25 Laws given in Marah
------- ----------------------- --------- ------------------
COMMENTS

*1 There is a subtlety in this Rashi. Verse Ex23-24 states
------------------------------------------------
- Dont bow to THEIR(the nation's) gods
- Dont worship THEM (the gods)
- Rather demolish THEM (who?The nations?or their gods?)
- break THEIR (the nation's) monument altars
------------------------------------------------
Rashi's point is indicated in the parenthetical comments
The DEMOLISH command refers to DEMOLISH the IDOLS
not DEMOLISH the NATIONS!

*2 Actually Ex24-01:02 states
----------------------------------------
the rest of you bow from afar
and Moses alone will go up without the nation
----------------------------------------

This almost totally parallels Ex20-18 which states
----------------------------------------
The nation stood afar and Moses approached
the dark cloud where God was
----------------------------------------

*3 Rashi ALSO mentions the ORDINANCES of Shabbath, Noachides
and Honoring ones parents. The MAIN driving force
behind Rashi in interpreting Ex24-03 is the OTHER
VERSE method. The OTHER VERSE method could also refer to
Ex16-28:29 which mentions the Sabbath. I simply chose the
MAIN OTHER VERSE Ex15-25 that also mentions ORDINANCES.

*4 (Rashi)HUNT and AMBUSH are simply two good examples of
PREMEDITATION. The Torah distinguishes the treatment
of a PREMEDITATED murder from a NEGLIGENT murder.

*5 Sifsay Chachamim cracks a joke on Ex29-29
--------------------------------------------
to ANNOINT (by oil) IN THEM (= the clothes)
--------------------------------------------
Lv21-10 makes it clear that the OIL is poured on the
PRIESTS HEAD. But, the WEARING of HIGH PRIEST CLOTHES is
also a requirement for the HIGH PRIEST induction.

Rashi further explains
-----------------------------------------------
Annointing is RELATED to SOCIETAL APPOINTMENT
and hence ANNOINT IN THE CLOTHES could easily
be a pun--POUR OIL ON HEAD and GET APPOINTED
by wearing the High Priest clothes
-----------------------------------------------

*6 Lv07 states that the owners of Peace offerings
eat the peace offerings. However Lv07-34 states
that THE PRIEST RECEIVES THE WAIVED BREAST and
THE RAISED SHOULDER.

This illuminates the phrase in Ex29-28
------------------------------------------
It is a statute FOR the priests FROM the Jews
-------------------------------------------
That is, although the Jewish owners eat their
sacrifice nevertheless part of it goes to the
priests.

Ex29-28 mentions that the GIFT IS A RAISING
But Lv07-34 states that BOTH
- the WAIVED BREAST
- the RAISED SHOULDER
are priestly gifts.
Hence the RAISING in Ex29-28 refers to both
the BREAST/SHOULDER.

*7 Lv05-16 and Lv05-18 have almost identical words
Hence we can use the ALIGNMENT WORD MEANING method
also. However the OTHER VERSE method suffices here.

*8 Both Ex39-30:31 and Ex28-36:37 speak about
-----------------------------------------
The Tzitz is held
by Azure threads;
these Azure threads fold over the Turban
------------------------------------------

*9 Hence the Rashi
----------------------------------------
The princes brought their gifts IN THE SAME ORDER
as their encampment order [We infer this because
these two orders of the 12 tribes are identical
leading us to infer that one was copied from the other]


LONGER FOOTNOTES
*10 Rashi brings further OTHER VERSES
- Lv07-34 tells us that Priests eat BREASTS of all
Peace offerings
- Lv07-07:11 tells us that Priests eat REMAINS of
all Minchah offerings
Rashi further explains why a law which is known
GENERALLY (Priests consume BREASTS and MINCHAH) has
to be repeated for the CONSECRATION OFFERINGS.
------------------------------------------------
Since the CONSECRATION OFFERINGS were ONE TIME
communal offerings with several differences from
other offerings of the same type therefore
the Bible had to explicitly reiterate that
procedures traditionally done to these offerings
were also done to the CONSECRATION OFFERINGS
despite their unusual nature
------------------------------------------------

*11 Rashi also mentions the MINCHAH offering of
Nachshon (Nu07-13) which was also brought on
the same day as the consecration offerings when
the temple was erected (Nu07-01). The details of
how we know that the CONSECRATION offerings happened
on the same day as the PRINCE OFFERINGS (Nu07)
is discussed on http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lv09-01a.htm
#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#
LIGHTNING SUMMARIES
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10
# LIST BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES
10 314L BARLEY...it(Masculine) is a jealousy offering vs OFFERING..it(f)
1 210w FLOUR/OIL FOR MINCHAH(Nu04-15c) refers to Lv02-Voluntary Minchah
25 451g 1)Assets blessed 2)Guarded 3)Happy 4)Social 5)Religious 6)Peace
COMMENTS

LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 The explanation of the list should be clear
- The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used
All Rashi rules may be found with examples at
http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm

- The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which
contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and
includes the example presented in the third column

- The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi
with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used.

All lists may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lists.htm
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== =====================================
Nu05-15e ALIGNMENT Gender follows subject of sentence
Nu04-15c OTHER VERSES FLOUR/OIL for VOLUNTARY minchah
Nu06-24a CLIMAX Assets-guarded-happy-social...peace
Nu06-24b CLIMAX Assets-guarded-happy-social...peace
Nu06-25a CLIMAX Assets-guarded-happy-social...peace
Nu06-25b CLIMAX Assets-guarded-happy-social...peace
Nu06-26a CLIMAX Assets-guarded-happy-social...peace
--------- ---------------- -----------------------------------
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#