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               Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel

                     Volume 29 Number 4
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                     Produced Mar 3rd, 2006
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc.2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#*#
HELPFUL READING TIPS
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU HAVE WHAT SHOULD YOU READ SECTION COLOR
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Only 5-8 minutes LISTS BROWN/BEIGE/BLUE
Maybe 20-30 minutes BIG FOOTNOTE SECTION GREEN SECTION
Time to do research SUMMARY OVERVIEWS*2 Newsletter Bottom
COMMENTS
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For the HTML version you do not need to reset the browser

For html or PDF version visit
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*2 Each digest has two summary overviews on bottom:
- LIGHTNING SUMMARIES (List of lists in this issue)
- OVERVIEW (List of Rashis covered in this issue)
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex25-03a
Ex25-03a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 10 main goals was the resolution of
contradictions. These contradictions typically arise
from two verses stating contradictory things.
We call this the RASHI RULE OF CONTRADICTION.

Rashi had three methods to resolve contradiction. If
the CONTRADICTION could be resolved by viewing the
contradictory verses as two aspects of the same item then
we employ the TWO ASPECTS method of resolution. If
the CONTRADICTION could be resolved by viewing the
contradictory verses as two stages of the same process then
we employ the TWO STAGES submethod. Finally if the
CONTRADICTION could be resolved by retranslating the verses
using broader or more literal meanings then we use the
BROAD-LITERAL submethod.

EXAMPLE: Ex25-03
-------------------
Ex25-01:03 states
-----------------------------------
Command the Jews to take DONATIONS
whoever wishes to DONATE.
And these are the DONATIONS you should take
...gold SILVER and COPPER
-----------------------------------

But Ex30-11:13 states
-------------------------------------
When you make a CENSUS people
should give HALF A SHEKEL of silver
-------------------------------------

This is further spelled out at Ex38-25:28
--------------------------------------------
The silver from the half shekels was so much
and so much and used to make the silver stands
for the boards and the curtain hooks
--------------------------------------------

We see the CONTRADICTION: Was the silver a VOLUNTARY
donation or a REQUIRED TAX?

Rashi answers by distinguishing TWO CASES of the silver
-----------------------------------------------------
- There was a REQUIRED TAX of HALF SHEKEL used for the
stands and curtain hooks
- There was an ADDITIONAL VOLUNTARY TAX---the silver
gathered was used to make silver utensils in the
sanctuary
-----------------------------------------------------

LIST510a below gives other examples of CONTRADICTORY
verses resolved thru TWO STAGES.
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: CONTRADICTION
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 2 ASPECTS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #14
SEE BELOW LIST510a
List of verses with Contradiction resolved by 2 cases
LIST510a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of verses with      Contradiction resolved by 2 cases
VERSE-1 VERSE-2 HOW THE TWO TEXTS ARE COMBINED
Ex25-03 Ex30-13 Two sources: REQUIRED silver tax &VOLUNTARY*16
Ex24-12 Nu27-05 The 10 commmandments cover all areas of law
Gn37-10 Gn37-11 PUBLICLY:Jacob disagreed;PRIVATELY:agreed*15
Gn27-05 Gn27-05 Esauv went to HUNT food;if not-to buy/steal
Gn08-17 Gn08-17 LET the animals go out;if they dont EVICT them
Dt16-22 Gn28-18 1-stone Altar:OK for Patriarchs;not for us*6
Dt`6-22 Nu13-30 The MINORITY repor of the spies was: Land Good
Lv19-20 Lv20-10 adultery: With free person,death;with maid,no
Lv19-13 Dt24-15 day worker:Pay by morn;Night labor by sunset
Lv13-33 Lv13-33 DONT shave[near]leprosy;DO shave rest of head
Lv13-40 Lv13-43 leprosy on baldness:like SKIN,not HEAD,leprosy
Ex09-03 Ex09-09 FIELD livestock died;HOUSE livestock had boils
Ex09-03 Ex09-09 HOUSE livestock who returned outside HAILED
Ex09-19 Ex14-07 FIELD livestock died;HOUSE animals for Chariot
Gn36-02 Gn36-24 Daughter of FATHER & GRANDFATHER=illegitim
Gn24-08 Gn24-08 DONT marry CANAANITE;can marry out of family
Gn06-19 Gn07-02 Noach took:7 KOSHER animals;2 NON-KOSHER ones
Dt12-18 Nu18-24 Levites get 1st TITHE;also get GIFTS TO POOR
Dt12-30 Ex22-19 SPECIFIC idol worship OR general SACS wrong
Ex30-19 Ex40-31 Tmpl Basin for Priests;Moses was Priest once*5
Ex21-03 Ex21-04 Master only gives a slavegirl to a married man
Ex12-02 Ex12-03 God told Moses on FIRST: Tell Jews on TENTH...
Ex01-16 Ex01-12 EGYPTIANS hated ALL JEWS;PHARAOH hated MALES*4
Ex02-06 Ex02-06 She saw a BABY(in age);a CHILD(in demeanor)*3
Gn18-06 Gn18-06 FINE FLOUR for food;COARSE for pot*2
Dt08-02 Lv26-06 WHEN OBSERVANT God protects;ELSE not*1
Nu21-21 Dt02-26 MOSES sent delegates on behalf of ISRAEL
Nu05-08 Nu05-08 Stolen goods given to PRIESTS on behalf of GOD
Ex20-19 Ex19-20 Gods voice in HEAVEN;His FIRE on EARTH
Ex40-35 Ex25-22 Moses at Entrance; Gods by Crubim
Ex28-37 Ex39-30 Priest MASK went AROUND and OVER head
Ex25-03 Ex30-12 TAXES for base;VOLUNTARY for vessels
Nu04-05 Nu04-15 PRIESTS pack; KEHATHITES carry*10
COMMENTS
*1 See Lv26-03. Thus Lv26-03:06 explicitly states that
when we observe, God will remove wild animals. Dt08-02
by contrast, explains that conquest of Israel will
happen slowly FOR IF IT HAPPEEND QUICKLY WILD ANIMALS
WOULD COME (because the Jews moral nature was not
yet  perfected and the protection of Lv26-03:06
does not yet apply) *11

*2 COARSE flour was used in cooking to wash the pot
sides to clear it from rust producing agents and
rotted food particles.

*3 I should mention the Brilliant Malbim who points
out to a repeated object denoting emphasis
-----------------------------------------
She opened it and saw HIM -- a CHILD
-----------------------------------------
Thus the child had a certain regality *12


*4 This distinction is explicitly mentioned in Ex01-10
Pharoh was concerned that the Jewish minority would
align with an Egyptian enemy. Hence he killed the
males. *13

*5 See Lv08-16:21 for Moses acting as a Priest. During
this brief period Moses used the Temple Basin.

*6 First we note that MONUMENTS (MCBA) were made of
1 stone. Compare the following verses
- Gn31-45 Jacob took the STONE and made MONUMENT
- Gn28-18 Jacob took the STONE and made Monument

Next we note that God found the MONUMENT that
Jacob made (and declared to be a house of God),
God found this altar pleasing.
-----------------------------------------------
- Gn31-13 I am the God of Beth El where you made
a monument --[I am with you] Therefore leave
this place
-----------------------------------------------

Finally we compare the following 4 contradictory
verses
------------------------------------------------
Ex20-21:22 You can make altars of EARTH, STONES
Dt27-05    Make altar of stones when coming to Israel
Dt16-22a   Don't make MONUMENT
Dt16-22b   Don't make MONUMENT, hated by God
Gn28-18    Jacob took the stone and made a MONUMENT
------------------------------------------------

In this discussion we treat ALTARS and MONUMENTS
the same. The contradictory verses can be resolved
as follows
- ONE-STONE altars/monuments are
- - prohibited to us and hated by God
- - permitted  to Patriarches and liked by God
- MANY STONE altars/Monuments are permitted*14


LONGER FOOTNOTES

*10 Rashis point is strengthened by the abrupt change
of subject
-----------------------------------------------
Nu04-04 This is the job of the KEHATHITES
Nu04-05 The PRIESTS come and cover the articles
...
Nu04-15 ..and AFTERWARDS the KEHATHITES come
-----------------------------------------------

If one just reads Nu04-04 and Nu04-05 by themselves
it appears as if the PRIESTS mentioned in Nu04-05
refer back to the KEHATHITES mentioned in Nu04-04

*11 Interesting Rashi cites a verse in Job rather
than the  explicit Lv26-03:06. Rashi also does
not explicitly mention that he is using the rule
of resolving 2 contradictory cases.
But that IS what Rashi does. It seems rather
straightforward to introduce Lv26-03:06. Rashi
probably  expected the reader to know this verse
since it comes in the great REBUKE---Rashi complements
this verses with complementary verses in Job

*12 Rashis actual language is that
------------------------------------
She saw Gods presence with him
------------------------------------

I have tempered this a bit as follows
---------------------------
She saw the childs regality
---------------------------

I think Rashis point is to explain why
she risked her life to save a Jewish child
This child was different--he had a certain
regality...why not raise him as an Egyptian
He would fit in well with the Royal house

*13 Rashi actually says
------------------------------------------
Pharohs astrologers said that the Jews
have just had a male savior born.
Pharoh therefore decreed the death of
the male Jews
------------------------------------------

However the REAL driving force of Rashi
is the contradictory verses and the
resolution from an explicit verse.

Rashi avails himself of OTHER VERSES
which show that Pharoh always consulted
with his astrologers (eg Ex08-12:15).

Thus Rashi is simply dressing up the
contradiction. The real point of Rashi
is the contradiction and the distinction
between the people(hated all) and the King.
(concerned about security)

*14 Rashi does not give a reason why 1-stone altars
are prohibited but many-stone are ok. I would
suggest that 1-stone altars are so to speak
BLEMISHED altars-altars made on the rush.
Throughout the offering literature blemished items
are considered poor taste. The patriarchs however
were busy converting people frequently. Hence,they
made altars on the go (one stone altars) and this
was liked by God.

*15 PUBLICLY: He disagreed so as not to further inflame
the brothers who hated Joseph

PRIVATELY: He agreed because he believed in the dream

*16
Ex25-01:03 states
-----------------------------------
Command the Jews to take DONATIONS
whoever wishes to DONATE.
And these are the DONATIONS you should take
...gold SILVER and COPPER
-----------------------------------

But Ex30-11:13 states
-------------------------------------
When you make a CENSUS people
should give HALF A SHEKEL of silver
-------------------------------------

This is further spelled out at Ex38-25:28
--------------------------------------------
The silver from the half shekels was so much
and so much and used to make the silver stands
for the boards and the curtain hooks
--------------------------------------------

We see the CONTRADICTION: Was the silver a VOLUNTARY
donation or a REQUIRED TAX?

Rashi answers by distinguishing TWO CASES of the silver
-----------------------------------------------------
- There was a REQUIRED TAX of HALF SHEKEL used for the
stands and curtain hooks
- There was an ADDITIONAL VOLUNTARY TAX---the silver
gathered was used to make silver utensils in the
sanctuary
-----------------------------------------------------

*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex25-15a
RASHIS COVERED: Ex25-15a Ex25-18a Ex25-20a Gn03-24b
Ex25-15a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04



SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
Rashi frequently makes powerful inferences from the ALIGNMENT,
that is, the word by word comparison, of almost identical
verses.The minor variations between these almost similar
verses suggests nuances and differences or even meaning. We
call this the Rashi rule of ALIGNMENT

-When Rashi identifies two cases from the ALIGNMENT we call
this the Rashi subrule of TWO CASES

-When Rashi infers nuances from the variations between the
almost similar verses (or verse phrases) we call this the
Rashi subrule of NUANCES.

-When Rashi infers MEANING from the ALIGNMENT of almost
identical phrases we call this the Rashi SUBRULE of MEANING.

EXAMPLE Ex25-15a
----------------
Note the contrast between Ex25-13:15 Ex27-06:07 Ex26-28
These three verses which discuss the construction of the
- Ark
- Altar
- Table
all have in common 4 phrases
-----------------------------
- make wooden poles
- overlay them with gold (or copper)
- bring the poles in the rings
- to carry the temple utensil
-----------------------------
However the Biblical text for the Ark adds two
more phrases not found by the Altar and Table
-------------------------
- The poles will remain in the rings
- they will not depart from them
-------------------------

This blatant difference motivates the following Rashi
-------------------------------------
There is a prohibition of removing the ark poles
from the ark. That is the Biblical sentence
THE POLES WILL NOT DEPART FROM THE ARK is
not a DESCRIPTION but rather a PROHIBITION
-------------------------------------

Rashi infers this from the ALIGNMENT.

Some Rashi-ists may prefer to use the rule of REPETITION
(It keeps on saying ...POLES IN RINGS, POLES IN RINGS
NO DEPARTURE thus creating an emphasis) however the
ALIGNMENT is punchier since the contrast shows an intent.

LIST309M summarizes this ALIGNMENT.

EXAMPLE 2: Ex25-18a Ex25-20a Gn03-24b
-------------------------------------
A variety of Rashis comment on the Kerubim.
These Rashis base themselves on an ALIGNMENT
of the verses in Ezekiel speaking about the Kerubim

-Ez01-10 describes the Kerubim as a creature with
4 faces: Human, OX, Lion, Eagle

-Ez10-14 describes the Kerubim as a create with
4 faces: Human, KERUB, Lion Eagle

-Ez10-20 identifies these two visions as one and the same

It follows that the KERUB is an OX. However the Talmud
goes a step further. It doesn't see the Kerubim as a
four-headed creature but rather interprets the Kerubim
as
- being human
- with form of an ox (crawls like a baby)
- and jumps around like an eagle
- and tears and claws like a lion.

Hence the Talmudic statement that the KERUBS
had the FACE OF A CHILD (Ex25-18a) and had
the height of a baby- 40 inches (Ex25-20a)

The LION head indicates that they were
destructive (Gn03-24b). This is also born
out by scriptural usage (P018-08:16) which
describes God as riding on KERUBs to
initiate retaliation against the enemy.

Again: The basic idea of OX=CERUB is that the
CERUBING were CHILDREN who CRAWLED LIKE AN OX (They
faced the world' like an Ox).

LIST343s summarizes this ALIGNMENT
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS: ALIGNMENT
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS NUANCES
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #11
SEE BELOW LIST309M
Alignment of verses with Carrying poles for Temple utensils
----------------------- -----------------------------------------
RASHI RULE CLASS: ALIGNMENT
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS MEANING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #12
SEE BELOW LIST343s
List of phrases in Ezekiel describing KERUBIM=child like
LIST309M
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Alignment of verses with Carrying poles for Temple utensils
Ex25-13:15 Ex27-06:07 Ex26-28
Ark Altar Table
----------------- ----------------- -----------------
Make wooden poles Make wooden poles Make wooden poles
Overlay with Gold Overlay with copper Overlay with gold
Put poles in rings put poles in rings rings for poles
to carry the ark when carrying altar Table carried by
Poles remain in poles *1 *1
no departure *1 *1
COMMENTS
*1 (Ex25-15a) The addes phrases by the Ark, POLES REMAIN
...NO DEPARTURE clearly show a PROHIBITION of removing
the poles. That is the Biblical sentence NO DEPARTURE
is not a DESCRIPTION of TIGHTNESS but a PROHIBITION.
LIST343s
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of phrases in  Ezekiel describing KERUBIM=child like
VERSE OX FACE MAN FACE LION FACE EAGLE FACE
Ez01-10*1 Ox Man Lion Eagle
Ez10-14*1 KERUB Man Lion Eagle
Differs *2 * 3
COMMENTS
*1 Ez10-20 identifies the vision of Ez10-14 as
identical with the vision of Ez01-10*10

*2 -The ALIGNMENT shows that OX=KERUB.
-The verse speaks about ox-man-lion-eagle face.
The Talmud apparently does not interpret
this as a 4-headed creature but rather as a
- man
- who has the form of an ox (Crawls like a baby)
- who jumps around like an eagle
- who tears and destroys like a lion

Hence the Talmudic statement that the KERUBS
had the FACE OF A CHILD (Ex25-18a) and had
the height of a baby- 40 inches (Ex25-20a)

The LION head indicates that they were
destructive (Gn03-24b). This is also born
out by scriptural usage (P018-08:16) which
describes God as riding on KERUBs to
initiate retaliation against the enemy.

Again: The basic idea of OX=CERUB is that the
CERUBING were CHILDREN who CRAWLED LIKE AN OX (They
faced the world' like an Ox).

*3 We have reversed the word order in the verses
to heighten the point of the ALIGNMENT

LONGER FOOTNOTES
*10 The idea of deriving the meaning of the Kerubim from
the ALIGNMENT of the EZEKELIAN verses comes from
the Talmud Sucah 5a which Rashi cites.
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Ex25-17a
Ex25-17a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04


SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
A powerful but simple Rashi method is the CITATION or CROSS-
REFERENCING of an OTHER VERSE for the purpose of adding
FURTHER DETAILS to a verse we are studying. We call this
the OTHER VERSE method. There are three submethods to the
OTHER VERSE method.

If the verse actually CITES or refers to an OTHER VERSE we
call this the SUBMETHOD of CITATION.

If the OTHER VERSE explains the meaning of
some term in the first verse we call this the SUBMETHOD
of MEANING.

If the first verse does not cite an other verse and if
no meaning is explained then we call this the SUBMETHOD
of FURTHER DETAILS since the 2nd verse either confirms
the first verse or typically adds FURTHER DETAILS to
the first verse

EXAMPLES Ex25-17a
-----------------
Ex25-17 states
-----------------------------------------
Make a temple utensil called the KAPORETH
-----------------------------------------

The FUNCTION of the Kaporeth is illuminated
by an OTHER VERSE Ex25-21 which states
-----------------------------------------
Place the KAPORETH on the ARK after
placing the tablets in the ark
-----------------------------------------

Hence we infer that the KAPORETH
functions as an ARK COVER.

This is further confirmed by the meaning of the
root of KAPORETH--Kaph-Pay-Resh can refer to
a FROST LIKE OVERLAY which covers the ground; it
can also refer to OVERLAYING an object with TAR.
Hence the meaning of COVER is consistent.

LIST210w presents other examples of verse pairs
illuminating each other with further details
ITEM DETAIL
RASHI RULE CLASS OTHER VERSES
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS FURTHER DETAILS
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #1
SEE BELOW LIST210w
List of verses pairs with one verse illuminating another
LIST210w
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

List of verses pairs     with one verse illuminating another
LIST210w CONTINUES LIST210a LIST210z LIST210y LIST210x
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE OTHER VRSE DETAILS
Ex25-17a Make a KAPORETH Ex25-21 KAPORETH=Ark COVER
Ex21-13a Murderer HUNTS Dt19-11 Murderer ambushes*4
Ex24-12b Go up MOUNTAIN for Torah Dt09-09:11 Go up 40 days
Ex23-24a demolish THEM*18 Dt12-03 THEM=Their idols*1
------- ----------------------- --------- ------------------
Ex24-02a Moses alone approaches Ex20-18 God in Dark Cloud*2
Ex24-03b All Gods commands Ex19-10:25 3 day preparation
Ex24-03c All Gods ordinances*3 Ex15-25 Laws given in Marah
------- ----------------------- --------- ------------------
COMMENTS

*1 There is a subtlety in this Rashi. Verse Ex23-24 states
------------------------------------------------
- Dont bow to THEIR(the nation's) gods
- Dont worship THEM (the gods)
- Rather demolish THEM (who?The nations?or their gods?)
- break THEIR (the nation's) monument altars
------------------------------------------------
Rashi's point is indicated in the parenthetical comments
The DEMOLISH command refers to DEMOLISH the IDOLS
not DEMOLISH the NATIONS!

*2 Actually Ex24-01:02 states
----------------------------------------
the rest of you bow from afar
and Moses alone will go up without the nation
----------------------------------------

This almost totally parallels Ex20-18 which states
----------------------------------------
The nation stood afar and Moses approached
the dark cloud where God was
----------------------------------------

*3 Rashi ALSO mentions the ORDINANCES of Shabbath, Noachides
and Honoring ones parents. The MAIN driving force
behind Rashi in interpreting Ex24-03 is the OTHER
VERSE method. The OTHER VERSE method could also refer to
Ex16-28:29 which mentions the Sabbath. I simply chose the
MAIN OTHER VERSE Ex15-25 that also mentions ORDINANCES.

*4 (Rashi)HUNT and AMBUSH are simply two good examples of
PREMEDITATION. The Torah distinguishes the treatment
of a PREMEDITATED murder from a NEGLIGENT murder.
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
LIGHTNING SUMMARIES
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10
# LIST BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES
14 510a 2 SILVER contributions:a) required $1/2 tax;b)voluntary donation
11 309m Ark-Table-Altar had carrying poles:Only by ark--NEVER REMOVE
12 343s KERUBIM=child like creatures that crawl like babies(ox face)
1 210w Make a KAPORETH(Ex25-17a) means make an ARK COVER(Ex25-21)
COMMENTS
*10 The explanation of the list should be clear
- The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used
All Rashi rules may be found with examples at
http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm

- The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which
contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and
includes the example presented in the third column

- The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi
with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used.

All lists may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lists.htm
Rashis covered in this issue
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04

VERSE RULE BRIEF DESCRIPTION
======== =============== =====================================
Ex25-03a CONTRADICTION 2 silver donations:required-voluntary
Ex25-15a ALIGNMENT Dont remove poles;KERUBIM=child like
Ex25-18a ALIGNMENT Dont remove poles;KERUBIM=child like
Ex25-20a ALIGNMENT Dont remove poles;KERUBIM=child like
Gn03-24b ALIGNMENT Dont remove poles;KERUBIM=child like
Ex25-17a OTHER VERSES
--------- ---------------- -----------------------------------
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
End of Rashi is Simple Digest
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#