Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List
(C) Dr Russell Jay Hendel, 1999
http://www.shamash.org/rashi/
Volume 2 Number 1
Produced Apr. 23 1999
Topics Discussed in This Issue
------------------------------
v0423 CONGRATULATIONS--WE ARE AT VOLUME 2--PLANS FOR THE FUTURE
v3b20-9 An important Rashi on Drash:BLOOD ON HIM=Stoning (Why?)
v3-20-27 Parallel style: STONEvsCUTOFF for both MOLECH&OV
v3a20-2 DBR=Cite; AMR=Speak:How Bible Paragraphs begin
v3a19-34 Moral lessons: Don't show your blemishes: Human Dignity
v3b19-35 Translations: KTz=Feeling of overeating not repulsiveness
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v0423 Administrivia CONGRATULATIONS--Volume 2
* We have completed volume 1.
For those who joined late I am rewriting the earlier issues
to conform to the simpler format and style that we developed
in later issues.
Volume 1 WITH THE SUMMARY SPREADSHEET will be placed on the web
as a FREE DOWNLOADABLE EXECUTABLE FILE that can fit onto one
disk (Both it and its exploded files are less than a meg).
You will also have the SUMMARY SPREADSHEET WHICH I PLACE ON THE
WEB.
Our plans are to explain all 8000 Rashis on Chumash. We estimate
that all 8000 Rashis can be summarized in one spreadsheet that
fits onto one disk--this will give completely every verse
and Rashi with a brief explanation and a hierarchical list of
principles.
* I bring special attention to v3b20-9 in this issue (the first
posting). Although it is a bit long IT IS ONE OF THE MOST
IMPORTANT RASHIS IN ALL OF CHUMASH. The basic principles
of Pshat and Derash and how to learn all come in this simple
Rashi. I urge you to read it.
* Chaiim Brown's question on Lev 1 will have its answer
completed next week. Yasher Coach to Chaiim for a stimulating
question that took several issues to resolve.
* Keep the questions coming. This is your list. If you have
requests for an especially difficult Rashi let us know.
* Finally in this issue I am beginning to coalesce many
Rashis in one posting that have the SAME PRINCIPLE if
that principle has already been thoroughly explained
once. This will enable us to keep the overall postings
shorter.
#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 1999 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*
VERSE: v3b20-9
v3b20-9 .who curses his father.shall die..his blood is on him
RASHI TEXT:
v3b20-9 "His blood is on him" means that he dies by stoning
Similarly every place where it says
"his blood is on him"=stoning
We learn
"his blood is on him"=stoning
from the OV sin (3-20-27)
But the simple meaning is "We are not punishing him but rather
he has punished (brought this) on himself" (Cf Jos-2-19)
[MODERATOR: Jos-2-19 was the statement of the spies to the
woman who hid them that "we promise not to kill you but if
anyone goes outside your house then HIS BLOOD IS ON HIM" which
of course means that he is responsible for what happens to him]
BRIEF BUT COMPLETE NARRATIVE EXPLANATION:
This Rashi is the pinnacle of the thesis that Rashi Is Simple
Whoever wants to learn true Rashi technique should study this Rashi.
Suppose you new NOTHING about death penalties in the Torah and
wanted to find out. What would you do?
Undoubtedly you might prepare a list, table or spreadsheet
containing all crimes for which a death penalty is mentioned.
The other columns of the table would contain Biblical information
on the death penalty: How or what language does the Bible use to
indicate that the person is liable for death? What phrases are used?
How is the person to die? {LIST1} below is a partial
list of such crimes taken from the consecutive verses in 3-20.
{LIST1} immediately gives rise to {LIST2}. Whereas {LIST1} contain
the CRIMES to be punished by death {LIST2} contains the separate
TYPES of death penalty mentioned. As the Rambam summarizes
in Courts, 14:1--
>>There are 4 types of death penalty...2 of them
>>death by STONING and FIRE are explicitly mentioned in the Torah.
So talmudic law is simple...the death penalties are
what the LIST gives. There are also crimes for which death is not
mentioned but rather CUTTING OFF--indicating a punishment of
death at the hands of heaven. (We mention at the end how we
learn the other two death penalties).
Let us focus on stoning. There are 18 crimes for which there
is punishment by stoning (Rambam courts 15:10) {LIST1} contains all
of them. We already saw that our knowledge that THERE IS death by
stoning comes from an explicit verse "they shall die...stone them".
Let us now review the methods by which a verse indicates that
the death penalty used is stoning.
Clearly if a verse says "stone him" then the death penalty used
is stoning. This happens in 50% of the cases. In fact 10% of the
cases refer back to actual trials mentioned in the Bible (3-24
and 4-15).
Besides the explicit mention of "stone them" there
are two other methods that allow us to conclude that stoning is
used.
The first of these 2 extra methods is the Biblical phrase
>>his blood is on himself<<
This phrase can occur
--By crimes for which stoning is explicitly mentioned---eg it says
stone them....their blood is on themselves (3-20-27)
--in crimes in which the death penalty is mentioned but no specific
death penalty is mentioned--eg it only says "they shall die"
--But It NEVER occurs in other types of death. eg We never find
a statement "they shall be burned...their blood is on them"
Because of this fact that >>his blood is on him<< only occurs
by stoning and non specified death penalties but never by other
death penalties Rashi wants to conclude that"their blood is on them
is a keyword for STONING.
But is this simple? Indeed, Rashi says explicitly
>>But the simple meaning of >their blood is on them<
>>is that they have nobody to blame for their death but themselves
>>(which is the meaning in Jos-2-19)."
Thus it really appears as if this association between
his blood is on him and stoning is Midrashic and not simple.
But Rashi really believes that >their blood is on them< is a keyword
for stoning. As I have always indicated in this list Rashi always
believes the Midrash to be the simple meaning EVEN when he appears
to say otherwise.
Let us give an analogy. Suppose you were German and did not
know English fluently. You are reading a book and it speaks about
CARS, TRUCKS and MOTORCYCLES. You don't yet know what these terms
mean (But you are familiar with what CARS, TRUCKS and MOTORCYCLES
look like because they are used in Germany also.) From the context
of this English book you might infer that the terms CARS, TRUCKS
and MOTORCYCLES are motor vehicles. To use Rashi's lingo
>>the simple meaning of the text says they are motor vehicles<<.
Suppose now you found in your book one statement that the
TRUCK was HUGE. Suppose further you found a story how the
CAR replaced FOUR tires but the MOTORCYCLE replaced TWO tires.
Wouldn't you immediately conclude:
>>This teaches that "CAR" refers to cars,
>>"TRUCK" refers to trucks and
>>"MOTORCYCLES" refers to motorcycles.
The use of SIMPLE MEANING and MIDRASHIC meaning in this
story should be clear. SIMPLE meaning refers to the
INFERENCES FROM CONTEXT that you make based on say only
ONE sentence (so you knew that they were motor vehicles)
The MIDRASHIC meaning refers to INFERENCES FROM CONTEXT
that you make based on THE WHOLE STORY. Furthermore the
Midrash in this case does not translate words but rather
CLARIFIES **WHICH** motor vehicle you are talking
about. In other words, I knew I was talking about MOTOR
VEHICLES and I just needed a hint (2 wheels vs 4 wheels
or huge)to tell me which one.
It is clear that the TRUE MEANING of the story is
according to the Midrash. A "CAR" is really a car and a
MOTORCYLCE is really a motorcycle EVEN THOUGH I learned
it from one verse/sentence eg that was talking about 2
tires vs 4 tires.
This beautiful explanation of PSHAT and DERASH comes from Rabbi
Hirsch's commentary on 2-21-1. It is basically a theory that
when we don't know a meaning we infer from context. Also when
we know a general category (like motor vehicles) it just takes a
HINT in the story to tell us WHICH SPECIFIC ITEM IN THE CATEGORY
(like trucks, motorcycles etc) is referred to.
Getting back to STONING. There are 3 ways that the 18 stoning
crimes are identified.
The Bible explicitly says STONE THEM in 50% of the cases.
The Bible explicitly links keywords in 30% of the cases. The BLOOD
ON HIMSELF phrase is used in 3-20-27 and teaches us that all BLOOD
ON HIMSELF crimes are by stoning. Similarly 5-13-11--for
seduction to idolatry--uses the word "STONE HIM...KILL HIM"
making KILL a keyword for STONING (KILL is never used with BURNING).
Finally a 3rd method is the fact that a Biblical paragraph mentions
only 2 items---Bestiality and witchcraft (2-22-17:18)--from which
we infer that they have the same death penalty.The use of paragraphs
to create inferences is a principle of style...it is not our concern
here but we will have occasion to use it frequently elsewhere.
So Rashi Is Simple:
>> 'He who curses his parents SHALL DIE..HIS BLOOD
>>IS ON HIMSELF.' Just as we learn that a MOTORCYCLE is a motorcycle
>>because it mentions in a book that its TWO wheels were replaced
>>so too we learn HIS BLOOD IS ON HIM refers to stoning from 3-20-27
>>where both STONING and BLOOD IS ON HIM occur. Other phrases linked
>>this way have the same status ({LIST3})
(In passing we note that the technical principle used here is
GENERALIZATION FROM A LIST (BINYAN AV MISHNAY KETHUVIM). The
GZAYRAH SHAVAH refers to linkages OUTSIDE of lists. This distinction
between linkages IN LISTS and linkages OUTSIDE OF LISTS(one of which
is by tradition and one of which is by logic) would seem to be
consistent with the Rambam's way of taking it in courts 14:10.)
We now briefly go over all 4 methods of death penalty (only two
of which were mentioned above)
(The other two death penalties are learned by oral
tradition going back to Moses from God: If in discussing the death
penalty the torah says
--"they should die by stoning"then they die by stoning
--if it says "They should die by fire" then they die by fire. But
--if it just says "They should die" then they die by strangulation;
--if it says "They should die and avenge the person the person they
sinned on" then they die by the sword.)
COMMENTS ON RASHI'S FORM:
LISTS {For ADVANCED students and for those with more time}:
{LIST1}{The 18 crimes receiving death by stoning-Rmbm Courts15:10}
CRIME VERSE DEATH TYPE DEATH PHRASE IN A LIST OF
MENTIONED USED IN TORA OTHER CRIMES
===== ===== ========= ============ ============
OV 3-20-27 Stoning Blood on him Yes
curse parents 3-20-9 Blood on him Yes
Adultery 3-20-10 Yes
Father's wife incest*1 3-20-11 Blood on him Yes
Daughter-in-law incest 3-20-12 Blood on him Yes
Homosexuality 3-20-13 Blood on him Yes
Sleep mother &daughter 3-20-14 Fire Yes
Bestiality *2 3-20-15 Kill Yes
Women sleeps animal 3-20-16 Blood on him Yes
Incest sister 3-20-17 Cut off Yes
Niddah 3-20-18 Cut off Yes
Aunt incest 3-20-20 No childrn Yes
Brother in Law's wife 3-20-21 No childrn Yes
Engaged woman incest 5-22-24 Stoning
Blashphemer 3-24-14 Stoning
Idolatry 5-17-5 Stoning
Molech worship 3-20-2 Stoning
Seduce to idolatry *3 5-13-11 Stoning Kill
Sabbath desecration 4-15-35 Stoning
Rebellious son 5-21-21 Stoning
Witchcraft 2-22-18 Yes*2
FOOTNOTES:
*1 Sleeping with ones Father's wife is similar to sleeping with ones
mother.
*2 Witchcraft and bestiality are prohibited IN THE SAME PARAGRAPH
so their punishments are the same (2-22-17 thru 2-22-18). The
paragraph has only 2 sentences which warn against these crimes.
*3 The crime of seducing an individual to idolatry is considered
similar to the crime of seducing a whole city to idolatry.
{LIST2} {A condensed list of crimes for which there is a death
penalty with each type of death listed only once}
CRIME VERSE DEATH TYPE DEATH PHRASE
MENTIONED USED IN TORA
===== ===== ========= ============
OV 3-20-27 Stoning They shall die
Adultery 3-20-10 They shall die
Sleep mother &daughter 3-20-14 Fire They shall die
Incest sister 3-20-17 Cut off NOT USED
Aunt incest 3-20-20 No childrn NOT USED
{LIST3 {Stoning crimes for which a certain phrase is used which
does not occur anyplace else---such linked phrases become
keywords meaning stoning}
CRIME VERSE DEATH TYPE DEATH PHRASE
MENTIONED USED IN TORA
===== ===== ========= ============
OV 3-20-27 Stoning Blood on him
curse parents 3-20-9 Blood on him
Bestiality 3-20-15 Kill
Seduce to idolatry 5-13-11 Stoning Kill
CROSS REFERENCES:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
Rav Hirsch on 2-21-1
Rambam Courts 14:1,15:10
RULE CLASSIFICATION {See the web site for comparable examples}:
DOUBLE PARSHAS
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VERSE: v3-20-27
v3-20-27 ..he who commites the OV sin shall DIE
RASHI TEXT:
v3-20-27 But above (3-20-6) it says that people commiting the
OV sin will be CUT OFF. Thus {LIST1} {The verses where the OV
sin is mentioned}
--v3-20-6 speaks about an OV sin with no witnesses &
The person is CUT OFF
While v3-20-27 speaks about an OV sin with witnesses and a trial &
The person is EXECUTED
BRIEF BUT COMPLETE NARRATIVE EXPLANATION:
----------------------------------------
To appreciate Rashi we must note that 3-20-1 thru 3-20-5 state that
--A person committing the MOLECH sin must die
--But if he is not caught then I God will punish him
Now verse 3-20-6 comes right after 3-20-5. It continues
--Similarly if a person commits the ov sin AND IS NOT CAUGHT
then I God will punish him.
I am justified in putting in the words AND IS NOT CAUGHT from the
context.The context of the introductory paragraph 3-20-1 thru 3-20-5
is that certain people are liable to a death penalty AND IF
THEY DON"T GET CAUGHT GOD PUNISHES THEM.
Verse 3-20-27 states that IF YOU DO CATCH the OV HE MUST BE STONED.
Again the parenthetical words IF YOU DO CATCH HIM
is learned from context:3-20-7 thru 3-20-26 deal with
death penalties
Thus Rashi is simple. We have two sins and we are told
that if caught there is execution and if not God cuts him off.
In one sin this is mentioned explicitly while in the other it
is learned from context {LIST2}
--3-20-2 says that the Molech sin is punished by STONING
--3-20-4 says that if not caught I God will punish him
--3-20-6 says that if the OV SIN is not caught I God will punish
--3-20-27 says that if the OV SIN is caught he must be STONED
COMMENTS ON RASHI'S FORM:
------------------------
If you still do not feel completely comfortable with this Rashi,
Perhaps that is due to the rule classification: Many Rashis are
based on meaning of words and grammar. This Rashi is based on
the style of paragraphs--the OVERALL STRUCTURE
But this is a learning problem. Too often in elementary school we
endlessly teach children how to conjugate verbs but don't teach
anything about putting sentences together and making a paragraph.
Yes the rules of style are as strong as the rules of grammar
and both contribute to understanding Rashi.
I recommend that we start teaching say in 6th and higher grades
rules of paragraph making. I believe this would make people
understand more Rashis.
LISTS {For ADVANCED students and for those with more time}:
{LIST1} {The verses where the OV sin is mentioned}
VERSE CASE OF VERSE PUNISHMENT
===== =========================== ====================
3-20-6 speaks about an OV sin with
no witnesses The person is CUTOFF
3-20-27 speaks about an OV sin with
witnesses and a trial Person is EXECUTED
{LIST2} {Verse pairs in 3-20 on sins: If the person is caught then
execute him otherwise he must be cut off}
SIN VERSE WHAT IS IT STATED VERSES FOR
PUNISHMENT EXPLICITLY (CAUGHT CONTEXT WHEN
OR NOT CAUGHT) CAUGHT/NOT CAUGHT
NOT STATED
EXPLICITLY
=== ==== ======== ================== ==================
Molech 3-20-2 STONE YES
Molech 3-20-4 CUTOFF YES
OV 3-20-6 CUTOFF NO 3-20-2:4
OV 3-20-27 STONE NO 3-20-9:26
CROSS REFERENCES:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
RULE CLASSIFICATION {See the web site for comparable examples}:
OVERALL STRUCTURE | STYLE
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VERSE: v3a20-2
v3a20-2 ..and to the Israelites say..
RASHI TEXT:
Explain to them that there are punishments for violating
Biblical prohibitions.
BRIEF BUT COMPLETE NARRATIVE EXPLANATION:
We have already seen {LIST1} below: The LIST of all introductions
to the Biblical Paragraphs in Leviticus.
About 70% of these paragraphs begin
>>Speak unto the children of Israel saying
So Rashi Is Simple. If the Bible introduces a chapter
differently than by the standard introduction we must ask WHY?
We have already seen Rashis on the verses "COMMAND the Israelites"
and "Speak to THE WHOLE CONGREGATION" which answer this WHY
The peculiarity in this verse is that it doesn't say:
Speak (DBR)...Saying (AMR)
It just says to SAY. This leads us to the (age old) question as to
the difference between DBR and AMR (on which I believe much ink
has been spilled)
The classical explanation is that DBR refers more to the words
while AMR refers more to the content. (And hence DBR is harsher
(actually colder) while AMR is softer (actually more emphathic))
This is true but it leaves us feeling empty. In my article Peshat
and Derash, I introduce the method of ENGLISH VERBAL ANALOGS.
You understand a verse when you can find English words
with the same nuances that capture its meanings.
In the case at hand I would translate
DBR = CITE
AMR = SAY/SPEAK
What is the difference between CITING and SAYING? CITING refers to
a repetition of WORDS without regard to their content.While SAYING
or SPEAKING refers to communication of CONTENT where the words are
only vehicles to transfer the content. Such a model gives richness
to the already existing literature on DBR-AMR and is fully
consistent with it.
Can I find support within Hebrew of this? Yes!! For {LIST2} shows
that the other meanings of DBR refer to COLLECTIONS: A HERD of
animals, a SWARM of bees, a RAFTER of logs, a PLAGUE of dead
people .... OR .... a CITATION of words.
{LIST3} shows that AMR refers to a branch. It could be
(as in english!)a branch of a TREE or a new POLITICAL BRANCH or a
branch of THOUGHT.Thus AMR emphasizes the BRANCH behind the LEAVES
or the UNDERLYING CONCEPT behind the WORDS.
So Rashi Is Simple. In the other chapters of the Bible Moses is
told to CITE the chapter(word by word prophetically) for purposes
of SAYING/SPEAKING them (Thus he both cited and explained them).
In this chapter Moses is only told to SAY it but citation is absent.
The reason citation is absent is because we find almost
everything in this chapter has already been mentioned or cited.
Thus all the sexual prohibitions were CITED in 3-18;here in 3-20
we are told their punishment.
Furthermore 3-20 is the only chapter in the Bible where a list of
punishments is mentioned for sins which have been enumerated in
another chapter.
So Rashi Is Simple: This chapter is more an EXPLANATION than a
CITATION; it is more an EXPLANATION OF THE OLD CHAPTER vs
A CITATION OF SOMETHING NEW. The old chapter was 3-18 which
lists all the sexual prohibitions. This chapter 3-20, explains
these sexual prohibitions further...they are not just prohibitions
but rather things you get punished for if you violate them.
The beginning of the chapter gives some interesting
observations on national responsibility. It is the PEOPLE that
must execute a criminal and if they don't God personally goes after
him Again we have the theme of "EXPLAINING (the seriousness of
prohibitions) to them"
(In passing this verse (and others like it) are greatly honored
in the Talmud. It is an established principle that every prohibition
has a sister verse with a punishment)
COMMENTS ON RASHI'S FORM:
LISTS {For ADVANCED students and for those with more time}:
{LIST1} {Introductory verses to chapters with commandments}
VERSE PHRASE
===== ======
3-1-2 Speak to the children of Israel
3-8-28 Speak to the children of Israel
3-11-2 Speak(Plural) to the children of Israel
3-12-2 Speak to the children of Israel
3-18-2 Speak to the children of Israel
3-23-10 Speak to the children of Israel
3-23-24 Speak to the children of Israel
3-23-34 Speak to the children of Israel
3-25-2 Speak to the children of Israel
3-27-2 Speak to the children of Israel
3-24-2 COMMAND the children of Israel
3-17-2 Speak to AARON HIS SONS and to the children of Israel
3-20-2 AND TO THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL SPEAK
3-19-2 Speak to the WHOLE CONGREGATION OF THE children of Israel
{LIST2}{LIST OF MEANINGS OF THE ROOT DBR=COLLECTION; Courtesy of RDK
MEANING COLLECTION OF SAMPLE VERSE
======= ============= ============
SHEEP HERD of ANIMALS Micah-2-12
BEES SWARM of BEES Jud-14-8
RAFTER COLLECTION of LOGS 1Kings5-23
PLAGUE COLLECTION of DEAD 2-9-3
CITE COLLECTION of WORDS 1-17-22
{LIST3} {LIST OF MEANINGS OF THE ROOT AMR}
MEANING SAMPLE VERSE
======= ============
Tree Branch Isa-17-6
Social branch 5-26-17
Branch of thought(speak) 1King3-22
CROSS REFERENCES:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
v-6-2
v3a19-2
RULE CLASSIFICATION {See the web site for comparable examples}:
DOUBLE PARSHAS | NUANCES | TRANSLATIONS
#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 1999 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*
VERSE: v3a19-34
v3a19-34 ..Treat the alien nicely because
you were aliens in Egypt
v3-20-16 ..and kill the animal also
(that slept with the person)
COMMENT: Both these verses use the same principle in Rashi. Hence
we bring them together. The first verse on this list where the
principle was mentioned is given in the REFERENCE section.
RASHI TEXT:
v3a19-34 >>Treat the alien nicely because you were aliens<<
Rashi: A blemish you have do not tell your friend
v3-20-16 Kill the animal that slept with the person because a
human being's life was destroyed by the animal. Similarly 5-12-2
says to destroy the trees that people worshipped because human
being's lives were marred thru sinning with them. These verses
emphasize the centrality and importance of human life.
BRIEF BUT COMPLETE NARRATIVE EXPLANATION:
Rashi is Simple.
The Biblical text is simple
There are no problems
Nothing is bothering Rashi.
Rather Rashi adds something extra...something derived or
inferred from these verses---a moral lesson. We have
already seen Rashi do this several times.
COMMENTS ON RASHI'S FORM:
Note how Rashi brings an analogous example. This creates
a LIST of commandments on inanimate objects from which we learn
the dignity of people.
LISTS {For ADVANCED students and for those with more time}:
CROSS REFERENCES:
v2b20-23
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
RULE CLASSIFICATION {See the web site for comparable examples}:
MORAL LESSONS
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VERSE: v3b19-35
v3b19-35 Don't miscalculate in MEASUREMENT, WEIGHT or CAPFUL?
v3c19-35
v3d19-35
v3a19-36 Accurate weights, accurate stones accurate bushels(?
accurate Gallons(?) shall there exist for you
v3b19-36
v3c19-36
v3-20-23 ..don't behave like the Goyim that..& I despise them
v3b20-20 ..a person who commits incest with his aunt..
will die childless
[Moderator: These Rashis all involve translations. So we bring them
together so Rashis different approaches to translations
should be clear]
RASHI TEXT:
v3b19-35 MEASUREMENT = Measurements of LENGTH
v3c19-35 WEIGHTS = Measurements of WEIGHT
v3d19-35 CAPFUL = Measurements of LIQUID
[Moderator:My translations are not exact. According to
the Rambam Theft(GNAYVAH) 8, the MESURAH was an
extremely small liquid measure...hence I translate
it as capful (which has a technical meaning in
English which may not correspond to the Hebrew
amount]
v3a19-36 ACCURATE STONES = Scales
v3b19-36 BUSHELS = Measurements of DRY CAPACITY
v3c19-36 GALLONS = Measurements of LIQUID CAPACITY
v3-20-23 DESPISE This does not mean intrinsically repulsive
It rather means "Had enough of" like 1-27-46
when Rivkah tells Isaac "I have had enough
of these Canaanite women" or like the FEELING
OF A PERSON WHO HAS OVEREATEN AND HAS HAD TOO
MUCH. [MODERATOR: See {LIST1} for a partial list
of meanings of the root KTz]
v3b20-20 CHILDLESS: ARiRi means CHILDLESS (Cf 1-15-2)
BRIEF BUT COMPLETE NARRATIVE EXPLANATION:
These Rashis are all clear. We add {LIST1} below
COMMENTS ON RASHI'S FORM:
Note how Rashi gives the SPECIFIC DETAILED meaning in the
translations here (even though as we have pointed out Rashi does
not always do that). Presumably Rashi was detailed here because
most people have famililarity with measurements since they use
them every day.
LISTS {For ADVANCED students and for those with more time}:
{LIST1} {Partial list of meanings of ROOT KTz-Courtesy of RDK}
MEANING VERSE RASHIS FUNDAMENTAL THESIS IS THAT Ktz DOES NOT MEAN
REPULSIVENESS SO MUCH AS E.G. THE FEELING YOU HAVE
AFTER YOU HAVE OVEREATEN...YOU INITIALLY LIKED IT
BUT YOU HAVE HAD TOO MUCH
======= ====== ===================================================
Summer 1-8-22 Plants grow thru Spring. Then they so to speak
HAVE HAD ENOUGH of growth in the summer and die in
the fall
To End*1 2-39-3 To End/Complete something is different than
termination. Rather To End something is to
terminate it AFTER it has been completed--so
to speak after you have HAD ENOUGH (said in
a good sense) of the object
Thorn Is33-12 So to speak you have enjoyed the Rose but when you
start touching the thorns you have HAD ENOUGH of
the rose
FOOTNOTES:
*1 To get technical there are actually two roots here (KTz and KTzTz
CROSS REFERENCES:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
RULE CLASSIFICATION {See the web site for comparable examples}:
WORD MEANINGS
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If you want your communication published anonomously (without
mentioning your name) simply say so (and your wishes will be
respected). All other submissions (whether thru Shamash or ANY
of my email addresses are made with the understanding that
they can be published as is or with editing)
NOTATIONAL CONVENTIONS
----------------------
e.g. v5b2-1 means as follows:
The "v" means verse
The "5" means Deuteronomy--the 5th book
The "2" means The 2nd chapter
The "1" means The 1st verse
The "b" means The second rashi on that
verse ("we rounded mount
Seir)
Similarly v5-2-1 would mean Dt 2:1 and probably refer to all
Rashis. (These conventions start with issue 14---beforehand
the notation is similar and will be updated retroactively
in the future)
Asterisks (*,#) in a list usually refer to footnotes that follow it
Parenthesis with the word List and a number--[LIST3] refers to
LISTS in the LIST section of each posting.
THE WEB SITE
------------
To review all past issues as well as to see all principles go to the
web site HTTP://WWW.Shamash.Org/Rashi/Index.Htm.You can download all
past issues from this website.
THE ARCHIVES
------------
Alternatively to get PAST ISSUES goto
http://www.shamash.org/listarchives/rashi-is-simple/
To retrieve a specific past issue email to listproc@shamash.org and type
in the body of the message: get rashi-is-simple rashi-is-simple.v#.n#
Issues 5,10,12 are not located here but can be retrieved from the
web site.
SUBSCRIBE & UNSUBSCRIBE
-----------------------
To UNSUBSCRIBE send mail to listproc@shamash.org and type in the body
of the message: unsubscribe rashi-is-simple email-address.
To SUBSCRIBE send email to listproc@shamash.org, and type in the body
of the message: subscribe rashi-is-simple email-address FName LName
OUR GOALS
---------
RASHI-IS-SIMPLE
* will provide logical explanations to all 8,000 Rashis on Chumash.
* the preferred vehicle of explanation is thru list of verses and exceptions
* These postings will be archived in Shamash in Quartuplet
-- By Volume and Number
-- By Verse
-- By Grammatical Rule
-- By quicky explanation
* Rashi-Is-Simple should prove useful to
layman, scholars, rabbis, educators, and students
* Although this list is orthodox we welcome all logical
--explanations
--contributions
--modifications
--questions
--problems
provided they are defended with adequate examples.
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
----------------------
For further information on the character of this list
* read your welcome note from Shamash
* read PESHAT and DERASH: TRADITION, Winter 1980 by Russell Hendel
End of Rashi-Is-Simple Digest
#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 1999 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*