Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2006 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 30 Number 20 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h30n20.htm ----------------------------------- Produced September 2nd, 2006 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
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HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU HAVE | WHAT SHOULD YOU READ | SECTION COLOR | |
Only 2-3 mintues | SUCCINT SUMMARY | BROWN | |
Only 5-8 minutes | LISTS | BROWN/BEIGE/BLUE | |
Maybe 20-30 minutes | BIG FOOTNOTE SECTION | GREEN SECTION | |
Time to do research | SUMMARY OVERVIEWS*2 | Newsletter Bottom | |
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*1 FIXED WIDTH FONTS are needed for the TEXT version For the HTML version you do not need to reset the browser For html or PDF version visit http://www.Rashiyomi.com/ris.htm *2 Each digest has two summary overviews on bottom: - LIGHTNING SUMMARIES (List of lists in this issue) - OVERVIEW (List of Rashis covered in this issue) |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt22-06b
RASHIS COVERED: Dt22-06b Dt28-67a Dt28-67b Dt28-07a Dt28-47a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 10 main goals is to give the meaning of words the same way the dictionary gives meaning. We call this the Rashi method of WORD MEANING. All languages allow words to acquire NEW MEANINGS. Rashi frequently used a universal principle of all languages---METONOMY. METONOMY refers to the capacity to name an item by a related item (such as naming a PEOPLE, Americans, by the LAND they live in, America) EXAMPLE 1: Dt22-06b NESTING MOTHER -------------------------------------------- Dt22-08b speaks about ------------------------------------ ..finding a nest and the MOTHER IS ON THE CHILDREN ------------------------------------- Rashi comments on the CAPPED PHRASE ----------------------------------- MOTHER ON CHILDREN means a NESTING MOTHER since the act of nesting is typically associated with the Mother being ON the children. Here uses METONOMY to name the NESTING mother by the related activity of being ON the children ----------------------------------- EXAMPLES 2,3: Dt28-67a Dt28-67b OH,I WISH -------------------------------------------- Verse Dt28-67a, describing the punishment that will befall the Jewish people, states ----------------------------------------------------- In the evening you will say WHO WILL GIVE MORNING and in the morning you will say WHO WILL GIVE EVENING ----------------------------------------------------- Rashi explains the CAPPED phrases ------------------------------------- The phrase WHO WILL GIVE means OH, I WISH. Here METONOMY names WISHES by something related to it, the search for someone WHO WILL GIVE THE WISHES. The verse describes an ever increasing sequence of tribulations. By evening you are wishing for the PREVIOUS morning and by the next morning you are wishing for the PREVIOUS evening. ------------------------------------- EXAMPLE 4: Dt28-47a Suffiency -------------------------------------------- Verse Dt28-47 states ------------------------------------------ Instead of serving God from ALOT OF EVERYTHING ...you will instead serve your enemies in straits ------------------------------------------ Rashi comments on the CAPPED phrase ----------------------------------------- The phrase ALOT OF EVERYTHING refers to SUFFICIENCY (having SUFFICIENT means to live) Here METONOMY is used to name SUFFICIENCY by the related item of ALOT (Usually (but not always!) sufficiency is related to having ALOT ----------------------------------------- EXAMPLE 5: Dt28-07b Many -------------------------------------------- Verse Dt28-07b states ----------------------------------------- Your enemies will pursue you on ONE Road but flee on SEVEN ROADS -------------------------------------------- Rashi explains the two CAPPED phrases using the principle of DOUBLE METONOMY ------------------------------------------ The number SEVEN frequently means MANY. Thus the verse says - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Your enemies will pursue you on ONE road But will flee from you on MANY roads - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - However this re-interpreted sentence also requires METONOMY to understand it. - A UNIFIED army uses ONE road. - A DISUNIFIED army uses MANY roads. So the translation of the verse using DOUBLE METONOMY is as follows - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Your enemies will pursue you UNITED But will flee from you DISUNITED - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ------------------------------------------ The use of DOUBLE METONOMY in the poetic literature is very common and is a powerful technique. LIST871z presents these and other IDIOMS based on metonomy, synechdoche, and FFF. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | WORD MEANING | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | NEW MEANINGS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #7 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST871z | |
List of idioms using | METONOMY/SYNECHDOCHE(Meaning by relation) |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||||
List of idioms using METONOMY/SYNECHDOCHE(Meaning by relation) LIST871z continues LIST871d LIST871c LIST871b LIST871a | ||||
VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE | METONOMY | METHOD USED | |
Dt22-06b | Mother ON eggs | NESTING mother | METONOMY | |
Dt28-67a | WHO WILL GIVE | Oh I WISH(someone gives) | METONOMY | |
Dt28-67b | WHO WILL GIVE | Oh I WISH(someone gives) | METONOMY | |
Dt28-47a | ALOT OF ALL | Sufficiency | METONOMY | |
Dt28-07b | SEVEN paths | MANY paths | METONOMY | |
Dt04-32b | 1 END OF HEAVN | NATIONS at HORIZON | METONOMY*14 | |
Dt04-08a | RIGHTEOUS laws | ...done by the RIGHTEOUS | METONOMY | |
Lv02-11a | HONEY | SWEET*1 | SYNECHDOCHE*1 | |
Lv21-21c | BREAD | FOOD*1 | SYNECHDOCHE*1 | |
Nu08-02c | Candellabrah | Central Staff | SYNECHDOCHE*1 | |
Nu09-15a | Tent Tablets | Whole Temple*11 | SYNECHDOCHE*1 | |
Ex31-21c | Tent Tablets | Whole Temple*11 | SYNECHDOCHE*1 | |
Lv18-03a | Egyptian-like | Sexually perverse*10 | SYNECHDOCHE*1 | |
Lv18-03b | CanaaniteLike | Sexually perverse*10 | SYNECHDOCHE*1 | |
------- | ------------- | ----------------------- | ------------ | |
Nu14-09b | Our Bread | Piece of cake(Easy) | Metonomy*2 | |
Nu10-31d | Our eyes | Gleam of our eye(Good) | Metonomy*2 | |
Nu14-11a | Till WHERE | Till WHEN*4 | Metonomy*2 | |
Lv18-09b | OUT BIRTH | OUT of WEDLOCK | Metonomy*2 | |
Nu11-20c | Out of nose | disgusted*12 | Metonomy*2 | |
Nu09-20b | Numbered days | Small number of days | Metonomy*2 | |
------- | ------------- | ----------------------- | ------------ | |
Nu08-16b | SproutFromWomb | birth*13 | FFF-Form*3 | |
Nu20-22b | Mount Mountain | Mount on top of mountain | FFF-Form*3 | |
Nu04-14a | Frighteners | Coal rakers | FFF-Feeling*3 | |
Nu04-14c | Barren | Sweep cleam | FFF-Function*3 | |
-------- | Pentagon | Pentagon Institution | FFF-Form*3 | |
-------- | U.N. | U.N. Institution | FFF-Function*3 | |
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*1 An example of SYNECHDOCHE--naming the whole by the part *2 An example of METONOMY--naming by something related *3 An example of naming by either - Form (eg Pentagon) - Function (e.g UN) - Feel (e.g. Hardship) We call this the FFF rule. *4 RULE ---- * ALeph nun hey = WHERE * UNTIL Aleph Nun Hey= until WHEN | ||||
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*10 Rashi: ----------------------------------------------- Since generally sexually-perverse acts are called EGYPTIAN-LIKE and CANAANITE LIKE we infer that EGYPT and CANAAN were exemplary in sexual perversity. ----------------------------------------------- Here Rashi uses the SYNECHDOCHE principle to explain the reason for naming sexual perversity as EGYPT-LIKE and CANAANITE-LIKE. *11 For reasons of space we have abbreviated. Nu09-15c literally translated states ----------------------------- SANCTUARY FOR TENT OF TABLETS ----------------------------- Ex31-21c literally translated states -------------------------------- The Sanctuary of Tablets -------------------------------- The following terms all refer to the Temple -------------------------------------------- * Sanctuary * Sanctuary of Tablets * Sanctuary for the Tent of Tablets * Sanctuary of the tent of Meeting -------------------------------------------- While Rashi explains the details of some of these terms it seems reasonable to simply view them all as IDIOMS. Some further comments on the terms are presented below. Technically the literal Hebrew term is -------------------------------------- * Sanctuary of TESTIMONY -------------------------------------- However the TABLETS with the 10 COMMANDMENTS are called the TESTIMONY (See Ex31-18 or Ex25-16)Hence we have translated this phrase as the ------------------------------- * Sanctuary of Tablets ------------------------------- The temple is called the --------------------------------- * Sanctuary of Meeting --------------------------------- because God designates the Temple as a meeting place for Prophecy (Cf. Ex25-22) *12 The verse states ---------------------------- until it comes out of your nose and becomes strange ---------------------------- Rashi translates the whole item as meaning DISGUSTING. Clearly this is an example of NEW MEANINGS. *13 Here are a few uses of Pay-Tet-Resh --------------------------------------- * SPROUTING buds (SPROUTING) 1K06-19 --------------------------------------- * SPROUTING(Leaving) from before King (1S19-10) * SPROUTING (releasing) water (Pr17-14) * SPROUTING from Womb (Nu08-16) --------------------------------------- We clearly have here a naming by FORM. *14 Rashi gives an alternative explanation --------------------------------------- This refers to Adam whose stature extended from ONE OF HEAVEN TO THE OTHER --------------------------------------- Rashi here unifies both parts of the verse ------------------------------------------ - go back in history to ask - ask Adam ------------------------------------------ The statement that ADAM's stature extended from one of heaven to the other simply meant that ADAM like NOACH and ABRAHAM unified the whole world. We metaphorically indicate the impact of such people by using words like GREAT, BIG. The statement ------------------------------------------- Adam's stature extended from one end of the world to the other -------------------------------------------- simply means that -------------------------------------------- Adam's influence extended from one end of the world to the other since he unified the world -------------------------------------------- Here again Rashi identifies a PERSON with the LOCATIONS of his REIGN. |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Dt26-14d
RASHIS COVERED: Dt26-14d Dt26-14e
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- A powerful but simple Rashi method is the CITATION or CROSS- REFERENCING of an OTHER VERSE for the purpose of adding FURTHER DETAILS to a verse we are studying. We call this the OTHER VERSE method. There are three submethods to the OTHER VERSE method. If the verse actually CITES or refers to an OTHER VERSE we call this the SUBMETHOD of CITATION. If the OTHER VERSE explains the meaning of some term in the first verse we call this the SUBMETHOD of MEANING. If the first verse does not cite an other verse and if no meaning is explained then we call this the SUBMETHOD of FURTHER DETAILS since the 2nd verse either confirms the first verse or typically adds FURTHER DETAILS to the first verse EXAMPLE 1,2: Dt26-14d Dt26-14e ------------------------------- Biblical verse Dt26-14, discussing the priestly gifts, states ------------------------------------ ....I have OBEYED the voice of GOD ....I have DONE all you commanded ----------------------------------------- Rashi clarifies the meaning of the CAPPED PRHASES, OBEYED and DONE by citing OTHER VERSES ---------------------------------- The capped words OBEYED and DONE cross reference the OTHER VERSES such as Dt26-01:11 where the commandments governing these laws are mentioned. Examples of lawss that were OBEYED and DONE include - bringing the gifts to Jerusalem (Dt26-02:03) - rejoicing before God and giving to poor(Dt26-11) ---------------------------------- LIST210v summarizes the above example, provides further detail and lists other examples of verse pairs with one verse illuminating an OTHER VERSE | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS | OTHER VERSES | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | FURTHER DETAILS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #1 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST210v | |
List of verses pairs | with one verse illuminating another |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||||
List of verses pairs with one verse illuminating another LIST210v CONTINUES LIST210a LIST210z LIST210y LIST210x LIST210w | ||||
VERSE | TEXT OF VERSE | OTHER VRSE | DETAILS | |
------- | ---------------------- | --------- | ----------------- | |
Dt26-14a | I OBEYED & DID laws | Dt26-02:03 | Brought to Temple | |
Dt26-14b | I OBEYED & DID laws | Dt26-11 | Rejoice before God | |
------- | ---------------------- | --------- | ----------------- | |
Dt20-04a | GOD is with us | 1S17-45:47 | God vs weapons | |
Dt20-04b | God WALKS with us | 1S04-01 | ARK OF GOD with us | |
Dt18-02b | Priests dont inheritLand | Nu18-20 | GOD is their portion | |
Dt03-18b | Gad goes BEFORE in army | Dt33-20 | Gad is a LION | |
Dt02-05a | Dont take till FOOT DAY | Za14-04 | Messianic Era*6 | |
Nu27-21b | Ask URIM--Do I GO OUT | 1S30-07:08 | GO OUT TO WAR;*5 | |
Nu18-04a | Guard Temple-no stranger | Nu04-15*4 | Levi no touch vessel | |
Nu18-05a | NoAnger on Tmpl nearness | Nu17-05 | Korach caused anger | |
Nu18-05a | NoAnger on Tmpl nearness | Lv10-01:02 | Aarons sons die*1 | |
Nu18-06a | Levites are gift | Nu08-14:19 | Replace firstborn*2 | |
Nu18-07a | Temple service is GIFT | Lv22-14:18 | Other PRIEST GIFTS*3 | |
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*1 Some commentators believe this Rashi comment comes from the word NO MORE ----------------------------------------- there will be NO MORE anger on Temple ----------------------------------------- Hence the comment -------------------- NO MORE implies there already was times when God got angry -------------------- However my position is that OTHER VERSES justify a Rashi commment even if there is no verbal hint towards this OTHER VERSE in the original verse *2 Some commentators argue that Rashi dwelt on the phrase --------------------------------- Levites...to serve SERVICE OF GOD --------------------------------- Hence the comment ------------------------------- SERVICE of GOD not SERVICE of MAN Levites could not do personal service for Priests They could only help out in Temple. ------------------------------- However I see no need to dwell on words and phrases The OTHER VERSE Nu08-14:19 makes it clear that the Levites REPLACE the FIRST BORN. Just as the FIRST BORN serve God so too the Levites serve God. I believe the OTHER VERSES has sufficient force to justify this conclusion without focus on words and phrases. However the words SERVICE OF GOD do offer FURTHER SUPPORTIVE evidence for this Rashi. This explains Rashi Nu18-06a *3 Nu18-01:08 * calls PRIEST TEMPLE SERVICE a GIFT * declares Gods anger on violations of this gift Lv22-14:18 similarly * discusses other temple gifts (Sacrifices, holy items) * declares penalties for violations of this gift Thus we call the TEMPLE SERVICE a GIFT because it has the characteristics of OTHER GIFTS. In fact the rest of Nu18 discusses the other TEMPLE gifts. An alternate derivation could focus on the double language I WILL GIFT SERVICE GIFT (GIFT ...GIFT). The GIFT GIFT repetition creates an emphasis... the word GIFT is literal...the service itself is a GIFT. This supports Rashi Nu18-07a *4 The requirement to prevent strangers from coming near is mentioned in Rashis Nu18-01c Nu18-01e Nu18-04a Nu18-02b *5 Also see Ju20-07:08. The relationship between EPHOD (Mentioned in 1S30-07:08) and URIM mentioned in Nu27-21 is clarified in Ex28-06:30 which shows that the URIM were attached to the BREASTPLATE which were attached to the EPHOD*10 *6 The Jews were prohibited from taking Esauv's property, the Mountains of Seir UNTIL the FOOT Day which is a nickname for the Messianic era. This prophecy is consistent with Dt19-08 *11 | ||||
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*10 The Talmud clarifies further. The KING would ask the priest for Divine consent to military operations. The priest would receive communication from God thru the URIM which contained the names of the 12 tribes written in GEMS. The letters of the answer to the inquiry would light up indicating the answer to the priest. The above cited verses explicitly show that - Divine consent was sought in military operations - The consent was sought FROM the priest THRU the EPHOD - The EPHOD used the URIM attached to it. *11 Rashi gives another possible reading of Dt02-05 ------------------------------------------------ Don't take ANYTHING from Esau EVEN the small amount of land in the STOMPING OF THE FOOT ------------------------------------------------ This seems to be a preferable reading to Rashi's 2nd interpretation ------------------------------------------- Dont take from Esauv UNTIL the DAY OF STOMPING OF THE FOOT (The MESSIANIC ERA) ------------------------------------------- However the Hebrew connective word AYIN-DALET NEVER means EVEN and ALWAYS means UNTIL. Furthermore Rashi's 2nd interpretation is supported by other OTHER VERSES such as Dt19-08. In other words despite the fact that this interpretation is PROPHETIC it is more consistent with OTHER VERSES and Biblical language |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10 | |||
# | LIST | BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES | |
7 | 871z | MOTHER ON CHILDREN means NESTING MOTHER | |
7 | 871z | WHO WILL GIVE THAT... means OH I WISH THAT.... | |
7 | 871z | Serve God from ALOT OF ALL means Serve God from sufficiency | |
7 | 871z | They will flee on SEVEN paths means They will flee on MANY paths | |
1 | 210v | I OBEYED & DID what God ordered=all relevant laws (Dt26-01:11) | |
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*10 The explanation of the list should be clear - The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used All Rashi rules may be found with examples at http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm - The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and includes the example presented in the third column - The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. All lists may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lists.htm |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ===================================== | |
Dt22-06b | NEW MEANINGS | MOTHER ON CHILDEN=nesting;SEVEN=many | |
Dt28-67a | NEW MEANINGS | MOTHER ON CHILDEN=nesting;SEVEN=many | |
Dt28-67b | NEW MEANINGS | MOTHER ON CHILDEN=nesting;SEVEN=many | |
Dt28-47a | NEW MEANINGS | MOTHER ON CHILDEN=nesting;SEVEN=many | |
Dt28-07a | NEW MEANINGS | MOTHER ON CHILDEN=nesting;SEVEN=many | |
Dt26-14d | OTHER VERSES | I OBEYED and DONE what God commanded | |
Dt26-14e | OTHER VERSES | I OBEYED and DONE what God commanded | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#