Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) RashiYomi Incorporated, 2006 Written by Dr Russell Jay Hendel Volume 31 Number 7 For the WORD QUALITY HTML VERSION click here ----------------------------------- http://www.Rashiyomi.com/h31n7.htm ----------------------------------- Produced Oct 21, 2006 |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
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HOW MUCH TIME DO YOU HAVE | WHAT SHOULD YOU READ | SECTION COLOR | |
Only 2-3 mintues | SUCCINT SUMMARY | BROWN | |
Only 5-8 minutes | LISTS | BROWN/BEIGE/BLUE | |
Maybe 20-30 minutes | BIG FOOTNOTE SECTION | GREEN SECTION | |
Time to do research | SUMMARY OVERVIEWS*2 | Newsletter Bottom | |
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*1 FIXED WIDTH FONTS are needed for the TEXT version For the HTML version you do not need to reset the browser For html or PDF version visit http://www.Rashiyomi.com/ris.htm *2 Each digest has two summary overviews on bottom: - LIGHTNING SUMMARIES (List of lists in this issue) - OVERVIEW (List of Rashis covered in this issue) |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Gn11-10a
RASHIS COVERED: Gn11-10a Gn10-11a Gn03-05a Gn11-06a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINT SUMMARY: ---------------- One of Rashis 10 main goals is the explanation of grammar similar to the explanations we find in modern textbooks. We call this the Rashi rule of GRAMMAR. In todays posting we deal with the grammatical rules governing DEVELOPMENT in paragraphs and chapters: Given a paragraph or chapter THEME, what types of sentences can exist in that paragraph or chapter and what are their relations to the central theme? We call this the rashi subrule of CONSECUTIVE PARAGRAPHS. Rashi knew 3 means of relating consecutive sentences or consecutive paragraphs in a paragraph or chapter: - CAUSE / ENABLEMENT - CONTRAST - UNIFYING THEME, SEQUENCE. Today we study all 3 methods. EXAMPLE Gn03-05a ----------------- Gn03-01:06 discusses the attempts by the snake to get Eve to sin. In Gn03-05, the snake continues his attempts --------------------------------------------------- [Eat the forbidden fruit] Because God knows that on the day you eat from the tree you will become like God --------------------------------------------------- Rashi does not explain word meaning or grammar here Rather Rashi explains the RELATIONSHIP between the two parts of the paragraph. Rashi explains ----------------------------------------- God is jealous of you--he doesnt want competition-- For that reason he forbade eating of the fruit. However if you eat of the fruit you wont die rather you will become like God ----------------------------------------- In other words Rashi explains the two sentences as CONTRASTIVE: God is jealous and petty and doesn't want man to achieve his potential. Therefore you Eve should eat of the fruit so that you can become like God. To properly appreciate Rashi we point out other approaches For example Psalm 8 describes glowingly how God is not petty--but rather God wants man to succeed and therefore God made man a little less than Godlike. Such a view does not explain the prohibition of eating from the fruit to find out good and evil. After all if God wants man to succeed why should man not eat from the fruit and find out good and evil--more knowledge about the world. For this reason Rashi explains the snakes comment as CONTRASTIVE: - You will not die but find out about good and evil - by contrast, God is jealous of you and wants to keep you inferior without this knowledge EXAMPLE Gn11-06a ---------------- Gn11-06 discussing the rebellion of the people of the Tower (who wished to build a tower to rebel against God) states ----------------------------------------- God said: They are one nation with one language And they have begun this[building the Tower to give themselves a name] ----------------------------------------- Rashi explains the relationship between the two sentence units as CONTRASTIVE --------------------------------------- DESPITE their being one nation with one language NEVERTHELESS they have begun rebelling against God (by building a Tower and making a name for themselves) --------------------------------------- LIST061b brings other examples of CONTRASTIVE PARAGRAPH DEVELOPMENT EXAMPLE: Gn10-11a ----------------- Gn10-08:11 states ------------------------------------------ Kush gave birth to NIMROD--he began rebelling against God...He reigned over Babel Erech....in Shinar land... From this land ASHUR went out and built Ninveh.. ------------------------------------------- Rashi explains the RELATIONSHIP between the two sentence units. -------------------------------------- ASHUR left SHINAR **because** of the rebellion against God. ASHUR founded a new city--NINVEH (We see later in the Bible in the book of Jonah that the NINVEHIANS accepted Prophecy and did not rebel against God -------------------------------------- Here Rashi sees the sentence units as CAUSALLY RELATED. LIST061a gives other examples of paragraphs that develop CAUSALLY EXAMPLE Gn11-10a ---------------- Verse Gn11-10a states ------------------------------------ (A) Shaym was 100 years (B) And Gave birth to ArpachShad (C)2 years after the flood ------------------------------------ Rashi explains the 3 sentence units as belonging to a paragraph with a UNIFYING theme with a SEQUENTIAL list of items ------------------------------------ (C) It was 2 years after the flood (A) AT THAT TIME, Shaym was 100 (B) AT THAT TIME, he gave birth to Arpachshad ------------------------------------ LIST060a presents other examples of paragraphs with UNIFYING or SEQUENTIAL themes. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | GRAMMAR | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS: | CONSECUTIVE CHAPTERS | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #9 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST060a | |
A list of paragraphs | having a UNIFYING theme | |
---------------------- | -------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST061a | |
A list of paragraphs | having a CAUSAL theme | |
---------------------- | -------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST061b | |
A list of paragraphs | having a CONTRASTING theme |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||||
List of verses of consecutive paragraphs with same theme | ||||
VERSE | COMMON THEME | 1st Chapter | 2nd Chapter | |
Gn11-10a | Flood+2 years | Shaym is 100 | Has children | |
Ex02-23a | Moses=Savior | Save girls/sheep | Save Jews | |
Gn25-23 | Seeking God | She SEEKS God*4 | Person tells her | |
------- | ------------- | -------------- | -------------- | |
Dt14-20 | Caring in KSRTH | Sell to Non Jew | Cook kid &mother | |
Dt14-21 | Caring in KSRTH | Cook kid &mother | Tithe produce*3 | |
------- | ------------- | -------------- | -------------- | |
Lv19-25a | Abstain->incrse | No fruit 4 year | More fruit 5th*2 | |
Lv19-26a | Abstain->incrse | No eat living | more nutrition*2 | |
Gn22-23a | Isaac-Rivkah | Akaydah | Rivkah-born*1 | |
Ex18-01a | Gods miracles | Exodus | Defeat of Amalek | |
Nu13-02a | Slander | Miryam on Moses | Spies on Israel | |
Nu26-64a | Entry to Israel | Census | Girl inheritance | |
Nu27-12a | Entry to Israel | Girl inheritance | Joshua and Moes | |
Nu15-41d | Important Laws | Idolatry | Sabbath | |
Dt33-07a | Repentance | Reuven | Judah | |
Nu08-02a | Temple gifts | Gold vessels | Service | |
Ex17-08a | God cares for us | Water-Manna | Defeat of Amalek | |
Ex21-01a | A Just life | The Altar | Monetary Law | |
Nu20-01b | Atonement | Red Heiffer | Miryam's death | |
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*1 Actual there are 3 paragraphs as follows - Gn22-01:19 Akaydah - Gn22-20:24 Birth of Rivkah - Gn23-01:-- Death of Sarah Rashi points out that the TOPIC SENTENCE of Gn22-20:24 is the birth of Rivkah. Rashi also points out that the 3 paragraphs form a TEMPORAL SEQUENCE For further details see LIST690B *2 The paragraph contains 7 examples illustrating the theme ABSTENTION INCREASES PRODUCTIVITY -------------------- EXAMPLES ---------------------------- -1- Abstain 4 years from new fruit--increase fruit yield -2- Abstain from blood=life source--increase nutrition -3- Abstain from divining -- increase prediction -4- Separate animal/human -- increase animality/human -5- Abstain from early sex-- increase sexual awarenss -6- Abstain from Sabbath work -- incresae productivity -7- Abstain from seancing -- Increase knowledge ---------------------------------------------------------- *3 Actual prohibition is cooking CHILD OF LAMB(or other Kosher animals) in MILK OF MOTHER. Rashis actual language is -------------------------------------------- If you cook kid in milk of mother (violate the sanctity of womb) I will destroy the wheat germ in the womb of the wheat with strong winds -------------------------------------------- Rashi is simply giving poetic expression to the unifying theme of CARING IN KASHRUTH in the chapters. *4 Rashi's point here is that GOD TOLD HER might mean she is a prophet. However IN THE CONTEXT of the paragraph, SHE WENT TO SEEK AND WAS TOLD clearly indicates that the telling was by messenger, the person she asked. What we call the PARAGRAPH method is none other than the RABBI ISHMAEL, CONTEXT method. We interpret the verse based on CONTEXT. |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
A list of paragraphs having CAUSAL connection | |||
VERSE | TOPIC IN 1st CHAPTER | TOPIC IN 2nd CHAPTER | |
Gn10-11a | Nimrod rebels on God | Ashur left Nimrod | |
Dt28-53a | Fierce FAMINE | You-ll eat children | |
Nu12-10a | Prophecy cloud goes | Miryam punished;leprosy*13 | |
Nu08-19b | Levites help priests | No death to Jews*14 | |
Ex33-08b | pitches tent outside | when he went outside | |
Gn41-48a | Stored city food | Stored it near its city*12 | |
Gn41-44a | I am Pharoh King | Hence I grant you power | |
Gn24-29a | Laban saw BRACELETS | Laban ran to get servant*11 | |
Gn20-01a | Lot incests daughters | Abraham runs away from there | |
------- | -------------------- | -------------------------- | |
Gn13-14a | Lot / Abe separate | God promises Abe Israel*9 | |
Gn13-07a | Fight of Abe-Lot | Canaanites still in Israel*9 | |
------- | -------------------- | -------------------------- | |
Dt14-01a | Jews=Gods children | No self multilation on death | |
Dt01-42a | God not with you | Hence:defeat;therefore:no go | |
Nu30-16b | Annuls after AFFIRM | He bears punishment of sin*8 | |
Ex14-25a | Remove wheel | Heavy driving--God fights | |
Ex14-25b | Heavy Driving | God fights*10 | |
Ex13-17b | Avoid NEAR-ROUTE | Nearness facilitates return | |
Gn35-01a | Dinah is raped | Prophetic order to leave*6 | |
Gn33-13c | Young Sheep | IF pushed they will die*7 | |
Gn29-01a | God WITH Jacob | Jacob travelled SMOOTHLY*5 | |
Nu06-02a | Adulterous wife rite | Nazaarite from wine*1 | |
Gn38-01a | Brothers sell Joseph | Judah leaves brothers*1 | |
Gn23-03c | Abraham offers Isaac | Sarah dies*1 | |
Gn02-20a | Adam Eve are Naked | Snake gives Eve Apple*2 | |
Lv10-02a | Non-allowed sac | Death of Aarons sons*3 | |
Lv10-02a | Death of Aarons sons | No wine to serving priest*3 | |
Lv10-03d | Death of Righteous | God honored*4 | |
Lv22-15a | Dont eat Terumah | Dont DESCECRATE holies | |
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*1 Thus "whoever see the humiliating Adulterous wife rite" will be so shocked that he will abstain from wine Similarly "Judah advised his brothers to sell Joseph" and so when they regretted it they blaimed him and he had to "separate from them." Similarly "Sarah died" from the shock that "Abraham offered Isaac." *2 In other words because the snake saw Adam and Eve naked therefore he became Jealous and wanted Adam killed so he could marry Eve. ALthough this sounds a bit wild there is strong supporting evidence. Gn04-01 uses the past perfect form And Adam HAD BEEN FAMILIAR with his wife & they had a child" So the sequence of chapters is Adam was lonely God makes Eve Adam and Eve are naked ------------------------"Snake tempts Eve" Adam has a child with Eve Thus the sequence of chapters (Naked--->child) is clearly interrupted by the Snake story. *3 As explained above Rashi sees these two views as complementary - First they drank wine and got drunk - While drunk they thought it permissable to offer sacrifices which should not be offered Hence they died for both crimes *4 Rashi explains the Causal connection - when the masses see that God EVEN kills the righteous for sins - then they are aware how they must also observe Gods commandments - This leads to more honor for God *5 So GOOD NEWS facilitates/causes SMOOTH TRAVEL(Rashi) *6 The full sequence of chapters is as follows -------------------------------------------- - Gn31 God orders Jacob to return to his fathers house - Gn32 But Jacob is afraid of Being with Brother Esauv - Gn33 Jacob journeys instead to Succoth - Gn34 Dinah gets raped - Gn35 God tells Jacob to return to BethEl ------------------------------------------- Rashi notes that ----------------------------- If Jacob had IMMEDIATELY fulfilled the order of Travelling to his fathers house he wouldnt have stayed in Succoth and his Daughter would not have gotten raped. ------------------------------ Thus Rashi sees a CAUSAL connection between the chapters. Dinah was raped because Jacob did not IMMEDIATELY fulfill the prophetic order. Note Rashi expresses the same theme ------------------------------------------------- Because he delayed doing the prophecy immediately therefore he was punished that certain bad occurrences happened to him ------------------------------------------------- Rashi expresses this same theme on Gn35-22a where we find that Reuven inteferred with his fathers marital life. *7 Rashi can be better understood with the EXPORT-IMPORT LAW of logic. The EXPORT-IMPORT law states that ---------------------------------------------------- IF [it rains] then if [I go out] THEN [I will get wet] ---------------------------------------------------- has the same meaning as ---------------------------------------------------- IF [it rains] and [I go out] THEN [I will get wet] ---------------------------------------------------- In other words Rashi identifies the two sentence forms - IF p THEN IF q THEN r - IF p & q THEN r This identification of NESTED CONDITIONALS with a CONJUNCTIVE HYPOTHESIS is called the EXPORT-IMPORT law. The actual Biblical text reads --------------------------------------------- The cattle is young AND they will be pushed one day AND they will die --------------------------------------------- Rashi simply points out (Using EXPORT-IMPORT) that we can interpret this as either --------------------------------------------- [IF] The cattle is young AND they will be pushed one day THEN they will die --------------------------------------------- or --------------------------------------------- IF The cattle is young IF they will be pushed one day THEN they will die --------------------------------------------- The above two translations use the well known Biblical principle that the Hebrew letter VAV can refer to any connective. *8 In other words he - 1st affirmed a vow of his wife - then annuled it (which he had no right to) - If she now sins (Because she was mislead into thinking the vow is annuled) - then HE bears the sin/punishment In other words BECAUSE he misled her he must pay for the sin. *9 The causality of these verses reinforce each other - Gn13-14 EXPLICITLY states that God promised Abe Israel AFTER Lot separated from him - Gn13-07 states that Abe and Lot faught WHILE the Canaanites were still in the land. So Rashi simply puts the two verses together - Lot felt HE COULD USE ISRAEL land even though the CANAANITES still owned it. Lot felt this way because the land was promised to Abraham eventually. By contrast Abraham refused to use the land UNTIL it was actually given to him. | |||
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*10 Rashi also states -------------------------------------------------- The HEAVY DRIVING (that God made the Egyptians do by removing chariot wheel) was a punishment for their making HEAVY their hearts -------------------------------------------------- I would strengthen these associations -------------------------------------------------- The HEAVY DRIVING is a punishment for the HEAVY work that the Egyptians placed on the Jews -------------------------------------------------- These comments of Rashi or me also indicate -- HEAVY DRIVING causes/facilitated -- Egyptians seeing that God was fighting for them Indeed: We know that one of the way God fights is to punish people according to what they have done (See Rashi on Ex18-11- Jethro said: Now I know that God is the true God because He returns to people what they have done) Hence this particular punishment (making the Egyptians drive heavy vs killing them) showed the Egyptians (CAUSED them to be aware) that God was fighting. *11 Hence the Rashi - Laban was interested in the possibility of becoming rich from Abraham. *12 Presumably each city had its own method of preserving food (e.g. use natural nutrients in the fields). Hence the second sentence of the verse HE STORED EACH CITIES FOOD NEAR IT is seen as ENABLING the first sentence HE STORED THE FOOD OF THE SEVEN YEARS *13 (Rashi) "And the cloud departed from off the Tent"ENABLES and ALLOWS "and behold Miriam had become leprous." An analogy would be King angry at one of his subjects. The King would leave the room BEFORE punishment began since it is disrespectful to degrade a subject of the King in his presence. Similarly God, the King, had to depart ("The cloud departed")before Miryam could be punished. *14 BECAUSE the Levites do the Temple work there will be no need for Jews to enter the Temple. This prevents a plague But if they did enter the temple they would be liable to a death penalty at the hands of heaven. [See Nu18-07 for an explicit statement that "strangers [non levites/priests] coming near to the Temple die at the hands of heaven.] -------------------------------------------------- |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||||
A list of paragraphs having a CONTRASTING connection | ||||
# | VERSE | TOPIC IN 1st CHAPTER | TOPIC IN 2nd CHAPTER | |
(--) | Gn03-05a | Eat fruit-become Godlike | God wants you inferior | |
(--) | Gn11-06a | DESPITE Unified nation | They rebel against God | |
(--) | Dt23-08a | Amon NEVER intermarries | Egypt DOES in3 generations | |
(--) | Dt23-08b | Amon NEVER intermarries | Egypt DOES in3 generations | |
(--) | Dt24-05a | ...your former divorcee | NEW WIFE-no former divorce | |
(--) | Dt28-54a | SOFT HEARTED person... | STINGY because of famine | |
(--) | Dt04-41a | Moses will die | Moses sets 3 refuge cities | |
(--) | Dt05-04a | Parents didnt see God | You personally heard God | |
(--) | Gn41-44b | I am Pharoh=King | You are Vice-King | |
(--) | Gn25-23a | Esauv HUNTER,in FIELD*11 | Jacob SIMPLE,TENTS charity | |
(--) | Nu31-03a | War Midyan;THEN DIE | Eager to go to war*0 | |
(--) | Lv19-30a | Observe SABBATH | [Even when]BUILDING TEMPLE | |
(--) | Ex18-05a | Jethro comes to DESERT | comes to Mount of GOD | |
(--) | Ex04-11a | Moses cant speak | Moses did speak-Ex02-11:14 | |
(--) | Ex04-11b | Moses afraid of Pharoh | God protected Mshe-Ex02-15 | |
(--) | Gn47-25a*8 | 20% Tax:80% Yours | Thank you...Good deal | |
(--) | Gn42-10a | JOE: You are spies | BROTHERS:NO-we are not.*7 | |
(09) | Lv26-01a | Being a slave to Non Jew | Prohibition of Idolatry*1 | |
(10) | Dt29-12a | Curses | We are before God*2 | |
(11) | Lv19-03c | Fear Parents | Watch Sabbaths*3 | |
(12) | Dt22-12a | No Shaatnez | Tzitzith*4 | |
(--) | Dt09, Dt10 | Jews rebel against God | But God still loves Jews*5 | |
(--) | Gn31-13d | I will go GENTLY | You will PASS ME*6 | |
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*1 Rashi not only connects 2 paragraphs. He also connects all Biblical paragraphs in this chapter. See footnote *10 for further details *2 Dt28 gives a long list of curses if the Jews violate the commandments. Dt29-12 says "You are all STANDING before God today" In other words despite the curses for disobediance you are still here before God(The implication being that no matter how angry God gets he will not destroy you) A further support for this theme can come from the General-particular-General form Dt28 GENERAL: Curses for disobediance Dt29-12 PARTICULAR: You are standing here before God Dt29-19 GENERAL: Curses for disobediance Thus the General-Particular-General form shows that Gods curses still allow us to "Stand before him"--in other words they are educative curses not punitive. *3 In other words (always) "Observe the Sabbaths" DESPITE a request to the contrary "By your parents" This can happen if eg your parents ask you to desecrate the Sabbath. You must observe the Sabbath even if your parents request to the contrary. And this can be generalized to all Torah laws(that they take precedence over your parents request) *4 Wear Tzitzith DESPITE the fact that they may have Shaatnez Wool and linen together (In the priestly garments made of Linen the Tzitzith were made of wool--thus the commandment of Tzitzith OVERRIDES the prohibtion of wearing wool and linen) *5 More specifically Rashi (Dt10-12a) states --------------------------------------------- Despite the 5 rebellions that the Jews did against God, nevertheless, God still loves the Jews. In fact Dt10-12 states that all the Jews need do to earn this love is to revere God --------------------------------------------- *6 Rashis point is that Jacob did not ask Esauv ---------------------------- Past me and leave me behind ---------------------------- Rather Jacob suggested contrast ------------------------------------------------ - I must go at a gentle pace - you go at a normal pace ------------------------------------------------ A logical consequence of this contrast is that Esauv would pass Jacob and leave him behind. *7 The full Biblical text shows two rounds of dialogs between Moses and Joseph The Biblical text states as follows ---------------------------------------------------- Gn42-09 1 JOE: You are Spies Gn42-10:11 1 BROHTERS: NO(Contrast)--We are simple people Gn42-12 2 JOE: NO(Contrast) you are spies Gn42-13 2 BROTHERS: We are 12 sons;we came for food ---------------------------------------------------- *8 Gn47-25b and Gn47-25a both deal with the contrast of offer vs Thank you. *9 Rashi makes a point of the contrast ---------------------------------------- Even though he was going to die after the war nevertheless he was eager to perform the war -------------------------------------------- | ||||
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*10 On a superficial level Rashi seems to be connecting 2 verses. Avoid idolatry DESPITE your being a slave to a non jew (who encourages its violation). Do not think "I will worship idols now and when I am free I will go back to believing in God" On a profound level Rashi sees a unifying theme to this whole chapter. The chapter encourages observing the shimitah laws which encourage abstaining from agriculture once every 7 years so that people can devote themselves to God and study. If one violates these laws he is progressively punished. Here is the sequence of punishments {LIST} {Paragraphs in BEHAR} ------------------------------------------------------- VERSE LAW ------------ ------------------------------------------ Lv25-01:12 Observe the 7 and 50 year Land sabbaticals Lv25-13:24 If not you will have to sell your MOVABLES Lv25-25:28 If not you will have to sell your LAND Lv25-29:34 If not you will have to sell your HOUSE Lv25-35:38 If not you will have to LOAN Lv25-39:46 If not you will have to become a SLAVE Lv25-47:54 If not you'll become a NONJEWISH SLAVE Lv26-01:03 If not you'll be tempted to IDOLATRY --------------------------------------------------------- Thus Rashi does not merely teach juxtaposition of verses but he also teaches juxtaposition of ALL paragraphs in the chapter. *11 Rashi comments ------------------------------------------------------ The verse CLEARLY contrasts HUNTER vs SIMPLE and FIELDS vs TENTS. Thus the SITTING IN TENTS spoken about here is not e.g. the tents of hunters but rather the tents of scholars (or charity givers) ------------------------------------------------------ I have added the explanatory words [or charity givers] to show that Rashi's point is one of CONTRAST not one of IDENTIFICATION. Rashi literally says ------------------------------------- TENTS refers to the tents of Shaym alluded to in the verse Gn09-27 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - God will give beauty to Yefeth and Yefeth will dwell in the TENTS OF SHAYM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ------------------------------------- Presumably these are tents of either scholars or tents of charity givers. Rashi's main point is not the identification of WHOSE tents Jacob dwells in but rather the TYPES of tents that Jacob dwells in-- charity or learning tents vs hunter tents. *12 Rashi cites Gn41-40 to support this interpretation ------------------------------------------------- Pharoh said to Joseph; I give you power over all Egypt But my throne shall surpass your power ------------------------------------------------- *13 - The 6 refuge cities became operational as a unit - That is, no refuge city gave asylum till all did - Hence if Moses was dying his setting aside 3 cities did not have any effect We conclude that Moses set aside the cities simply because of religiousity and his love of performance |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
VERSE: Gn11-09a
RASHIS COVERED: Gn11-09a Gn10-25b Gn11-08a
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
SUCCINCT SUMMARY ---------------- One of Rashis 5 main goals is to indicate paragraph structure. The modern author can indicate paragraph structure thru either - indentation or - white space: blank lines surrounding the paragraph. One method by which the Bible indicates paragraph structure is to use a THEME-DETAIL-THEME style--that is - a THEME sentence is stated, - followed by some DETAILS of that theme and concluding - with a repetition of the THEME sentence. Thus the opening and closing THEME sentence form brackets indicating a paragraph unit. Recall that in modern writing, the details of a paragraph develop the theme sentence of the paragraph. Since the THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure indicates a biblical paragraph, therefore the DETAILs are seen as the DEVELOPMENT of the paragraph THEME. Since the DETAILS are seen as the DEVELOPMENT of the PARAGRAPH THEME it follows the DETAILS should be SLIGHTLY GENERALIZED so as to resemble the THEME. We call this Rashi method the THEME-DETAIL-THEME or GENERAL-DETAIL-GENERAL submethod of the RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE method. The name RABBI ISHMAEL STYLE method reflects the fact that the THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure is mentioned among the 13 exegetical rules of Rabbi Ishmael. What have we contributed to the Rabbi Ishmael Style rules. Rabbi Ishmael simply states that THE DETAILS SHOULD BE SLIGHTLY GENERALIZED LIKE THE THEME. We have ALSO explained the reason for this using a LITERARY MODEL. Since the entire THEME- DETAIL-THEME unit is PERCEIVED as a paragraph, therefore like any other paragraph in literature the DETAILS ARE SLIGHTLY GENERALIZED LIKE THE THEME. EXAMPLE Gn11-08:09 - The TOWER GENERATION ----------------------------------------- Gn11-08:09 discussing the GENERATION OF THE TOWER has a THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure. In analyzing this structure recall that - God had delivered a PROPHECY WARNING that - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If this is what they do with their unity -- build one city to make all people subservient -- then there is nothing beyond them and they will destroy all individuality - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - From Adam onward God had spoken prophetically with many people. Rashi identifies a "prophetic relationship" as the prototype of the HereAfter promised to the Righteous(Gn01-04)-In other words the HereAfter is a status where one continually has God's guidance Now let us review the Gn11-08:09 ---------------------------------------------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - THEME DETAILS ------------------------- -------------------------- GOD DISPERSED THEM They no longer built city Name of city is MIXUP Because God MIXUPED language And GOD DISPERSED THEM - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---------------------------------------------------- The THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure motivates Rashi comments which we present below with further amplification -------------------------------- The - - - - - - - - - - - MIXUP of the language - - - - - - - - - - - is a DETAIL DEVELOPING the theme - - - - - - - - - - - - - - God DISPERSED them - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Hence we understand this DETAIL of language MIXUP more generally - They no longer had prophecies (Such as the prophecy warning by God) - They lost the right to enter the HereAfter prophecy relationship with God -------------------------------- Note Rashi following the Talmud APPEARS to derive this from the REPEATED PHRASE - DISPERSED (Rashi: In this world) - DISPERSED (Rashi: In HereAfter) However we have perceived the REPEATED PHRASE, DISPERSED as a reference to the THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure That is we do not consider the semantics of the word DISPERSED to imply banishment from the next world. Rather we consider the GENERALIZATION of LANGUAGE MIXUP to imply lack of prophecy and hereafter relationship. Our interpretation is consistent with the Talmudic/Rashi interpretation since we have also derived the comments from the REPETITION (But have not used the REPETITION rule) LIST460y below summarizes this argument. EXAMPLE: Gn10-25b YAKTANs children ----------------------------------------------- Gn10-26:29 discussing YAKTANs children has a THEME- DETAIL-THEME structure as shown -------------------------------------------- THEME DETAIL --------------------------- ----------------- YAKTAN gave birth to AlModad Shalef ChatzarMaveth YaRach HaDoRam Oozal Diqlah Oval AveMael Shva Ofir Chavilah Yovav These are YAKTAN's children ----------------------------------------------- Note, an examination of the other progeny mentioned in Gn11 shows that this is the only progeny with a THEME-DETAIL-THEME style. Rashi comments --------------------------------------- Because of the THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure the THEME is perceived as an UMBRELLA THEME explaining the DETAILS. YAKTAN had these 13 children because he was YAKTAN--which means SMALL,INSIGNIFICANT. Hence we infer that YAKTANs humility enabled him to have a large family. ---------------------------------------- LIST460z below presents this argument. | ||
ITEM | DETAIL | |
RASHI RULE CLASS: | STYLE | |
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS | GENERAL-DETAIL-GENERAL | |
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE | #25 | |
SEE BELOW | LIST460y | |
List of clauses in | Gn11-08:09--TOWER PEOPLE:No language | |
------------------- | ----------------------------------- | |
SEE BELOW | LIST460z | |
List of clauses in | Gn11-08:09-YAKTAN's children |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
List of clauses in Gn11-08:09-YAKTAN's children | ||
THEME*10 | DETAIL | |
YAKTAN gave birth to | ||
AlModad | ||
Shalef | ||
ChatzarMaveth | ||
YaRach | ||
HaDoRam | ||
Oozal | ||
Diqlah | ||
Oval | ||
AveMael | ||
Shva | ||
Ofir | ||
Chavilah | ||
Yovav | ||
These are YAKTAN's children | ||
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*1 Because of the THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure the THEME is perceived as an UMBRELLA THEME explaining the DETAILS. YAKTAN had these 13 children because he was YAKTAN--which means SMALL,INSIGNIFICANT. Hence we infer that YAKTANs humility enabled him to have a large family. | ||
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*10 Note, an examination of the other progeny mentioned in Gn11 shows that this is the only progeny with a THEME-DETAIL-THEME style. Rashi comments |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | ||
List of clauses in Gn11-08:09--TOWER PEOPLE:No language | ||
THEME | DETAILS | |
GOD DISPERSED THEM | ||
They no longer built city | ||
Name of city is MIXUP*1 | ||
Because God MIXUPED language | ||
And GOD DISPERSED THEM | ||
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*1 The THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure motivates Rashi comments which we present below with further amplification -------------------------------- The - - - - - - - - - - - MIXUP of the language - - - - - - - - - - - is a DETAIL DEVELOPING the theme - - - - - - - - - - - - - - God DISPERSED them - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Hence we understand this DETAIL of language MIXUP more generally - They no longer had prophecies (Such as the prophecy warning by God*11) - They lost the right to enter the HereAfter prophecy relationship with God*12 (See also Footnote *10) | ||
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*10 Note Rashi following the Talmud APPEARS to derive this from the REPEATED PHRASE - DISPERSED (Rashi: In this world) - DISPERSED (Rashi: In HereAfter) However we have perceived the REPEATED PHRASE, DISPERSED as a reference to the THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure That is we do not consider the semantics of the word DISPERSED to imply banishment from the next world. Rather we consider the GENERALIZATION of LANGUAGE MIXUP to imply lack of prophecy and hereafter relationship. Our interpretation is consistent with the Talmudic/Rashi interpretation since we have also derived the comments from the REPETITION (But have not used the REPETITION rule) *11 Gn11-08:09 discussing the GENERATION OF THE TOWER has a THEME-DETAIL-THEME structure. In analyzing this structure recall that - God had delivered a PROPHECY WARNING that - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - If this is what they do with their unity -- build one city to make all people subservient -- then there is nothing beyond them and they will destroy all individuality - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - *12- From Adam onward God had spoken prophetically with many people. Rashi identifies a "prophetic relationship" as the prototype of the HereAfter promised to the Righteous(Gn01-04)-In other words the HereAfter is a status where one continually has God's guidance |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
Lighting summary of Rashis with emphasis on Rashi rules*10 | |||
# | LIST | BRIEF SUMMARY OF RASHI EMPHASIZING USE OF RASHI RULES | |
9 | 60a | (A)2 years after flood; (B)Shaym was 100; (C)Shaym had children | |
9 | 61a | BECAUSE Nimrod rebelled against God,THEREFORE Ashur left him | |
9 | 61b | Eating forbidden fruit will make you GodLike;God jealous-says no | |
9 | 61b | DESPITE unified nation and language NEVERTHELESS they rebelled | |
25 | 460y | The TOWER PEOPLE were deprived of 1 LANGUAGE,PROPHECY,HEREAFTER | |
25 | 460z | YAKTAN had many children because he was KTAN-small,humble | |
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*10 The explanation of the list should be clear - The first column gives the NUMBER of the RASHI RULE used All Rashi rules may be found with examples at http://wwww.Rashiyomi.com/workbook.htm - The second column gives the LIST ID (eg LIST210z) which contains many examples of a particular Rashi technique and includes the example presented in the third column - The third column gives a lightning summary of the Rashi with particular emphasis on the Rashi rule used. All lists may be found at http://www.Rashiyomi.com/lists.htm |
(C) Dr Hendel, Jan-04 | |||
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VERSE | RULE | BRIEF DESCRIPTION | |
======== | =============== | ===================================== | |
Gn11-10a | GRAMMARr | Nimrod rebels against God-Ashr leaves | |
Gn10-11a | GRAMMARr | Nimrod rebels against God-Ashr leaves | |
Gn03-05a | GRAMMARr | Nimrod rebels against God-Ashr leaves | |
Gn11-06a | GRAMMARr | Nimrod rebels against God-Ashr leaves | |
Gn11-09a | STYLE | Yaktan had 13 children because humble | |
Gn10-25b | STYLE | Yaktan had 13 children because humble | |
Gn11-08a | STYLE | Yaktan had 13 children because humble | |
--------- | ---------------- | ----------------------------------- |
#*#*#*# (C) RashiYomi Inc., 2006, Dr. Hendel, President #*#*#*#*#