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(C) Dr Russell Jay Hendel, 2000
Volume 5 Number 20
Produced Mar, 31 2000
WARNING: USE FIX WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10)
Verses/Topics Discussed in This Issue with quicky explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------
v3d9-7
Eg hebrew root HMM=TO CONFUSE. In all but one occurence
of HMM it deals with war efforts so HMM=TO CONFUSE IN
WAR. But I don't know **HOW** the confusion is done. In
2-3 verses it says CONFUSE BY LOUD NOISE--so I infer
HMM=TO CONFUSE INWAR BY LOUD NOISE
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RASHI IS SIMPLE
GOALS: To grammatically defend all 8000 Rashis on Chumash.
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NOTATION: eg v2b1-8 refers to Ex(Book 2) Chap 1 Verse 8 Rashi b(#2)
SPECIALS:...on Rambam,Ramban,Symbolism,Pedagogy,Daily Questions
RASHI-IS-SIMPLE RULES...Complete set with examples ON BOTTOM
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VERSE: v3d9-7
======
v3d9-7 ...The offerings of the nation
v2d14-24 ..and God (HMM) CONFUSED the Egyptians
v2d21-33 ...and an OX or DONKEY fell into the pit
v5-22-10 Don't thresh with an OX and DONKEY together
v2b21-17 Whoso curses his father & mother shall die-die
v2-22-18 Whoever sleeps with an animal will die-die
RASHI TEXT:
===========
v3d9-7 '..The offerings of the nation'
These were an goat, lamb and calf
Every place that the Torah uses the word
>calf
it means a 1 year old member of the ox family
And you learn this from the explicit statement in 3-9-3
>a CALF...ONE YEAR OLD
v2d14-24 The Hebrew word
>HMM
means
>CONFUSED.
It says in the Chapters of Rabbi Eliezer
>Every place that the Hebrew word
>HMM
>occurs it means
>CONFUSED BY A BIG NOISE
>And we learn this from 1Sam7-10
>And God thundered (the Philistines)
>with a big noise...
>and God CONFUSED (HMM) them
v2d21-33 '..an OX or DONKEY'
Actually the owner of a pit pays for damage
>to ANY ANIMAL
not just to an
>OX or DONKEY.
The reason the Scripture uses the term
>OX or DONKEY
is because they are the typical animals.
And indeed, every law which speaks about an
>OX or DONKEY
applies equally to
>ALL ANIMALS.
The clearest proof of this that
>OX or DONKEY = ANIMAL
comes from the Sabbath laws. As the alignment of
the following 3 verses clearly shows
>2-23-12 rest on the 7th..in order that your OX & DONKEY rest
>2-20-10 don't do any work..you .......your ANIMAL
>5-5-14 don't do any work your OX & DONKEY & ANIMAL
>Hence
>OX and DONKEY = ANIMAL
v5-22-10 'Don't thresh with an OX and DONKEY together'
a) It is equally prohibited to thresh with
>an OX and DONKEY
OR with
>any TWO SPECIES
b) It is equally prohibited to
>THRESH
with two species
OR to
>CARRY TWO LOADS
with two species.
v2b21-17 'Whoso curses his father & mother shall die'
The death penalty is by
>STONING
Indeed every place it says
>his blood is on him
means
>a death penalty of STONING
We learn this association of
>"BLOOD ON HIM" = STONING
from the explicit verse 3-20-27
>..stone him his blood is on him
Hence since 3-20-27 teaches that
>STONE HIM = BLOOD IS ON HIM
we infer that cursing a parent has death by
>STONING
since it says in 3-20-9 that a person
who curses his parents has
>his BLOOD on him
v2-22-18 'Whoever sleeps with an animal will die'
There is a death penalty by stoning to both
>the person sleeping with the animal
>the animal itself who was slept with
We learn that the animal has a death penalty
because in 3-20-15:16 it says
>...their blood is on him
and we know that the phrase
>his blood is on him = stoning
from the explicit Biblical verse 3-20-27
>his blood is on him=stoning
Finally we can argue that just as the
>animal sleeping is stoned
so too the
>person sleeping is stoned
BRIEF BUT COMPLETE NARRATIVE EXPLANATION:
=========================================
The above 6 Rashis illustrate one of the principles of Rabbi Ishmael
that were received from Moses at Sinai and were used to interpret
the Torah. Before explaining it abstractly let us give a simple
example.
EXAMPLE 1
---------
The Hebrew root
>HMM
means
>HMM=To CAUSE CONFUSION
Furthermore this root only occurs 14 times in Tnach. In all but
one of them HMM clearly refers to
>HMM=CAUSING CONFUSION AS PART OF A WAR EFFORT
However in 2-3 of these cases we see that HMM means
>HMM=CAUSING CONFUSION IN WAR BY NOISE
This would be similar to the standard technique of using
>WAR CRIES or LOUD NOISES
before an attach in order to temporarily
>FREEZE THE ENEMY.
Because of these 2-3 verses I am justified, according to Rabbi
Ishmael's rules of interpreting ALL usages of
>HMM = CAUSING CONFUSION IN WAR BY NOISE
Samples of the 14 verses with HMM are compactly presented below
in {LIST2} which come from the Biblical Konkordance.
Let us now explain the Rule of Rabbi Ishmale
> There is a GENERAL CLASS==eg all verses with HMM
> We know its QUALITATIVE MEANING (Causing confusion in war)
> In some verses This QUALITY (Confusion) is made SPECIFIC(By Noise
> There are no verses that CONTRADICT this SPECIFICATION
Then the rule of Rabbi Ishmael states that
> We interpret ALL verses the same way.
EXAMPLE 2
---------
Let us give some more examples
>EGEL occurs in 48 verses in the Bible {LIST1}
>EGEL = CALF = young MEMBER OF OX FAMILY
>In two verses we are told HOW YOUNG: EGEL=1 year old CALF
>There are no verses contradicting EGEL=1st Year
So Rashi is Simple--using Rabbi Ishmael
> We interpre all VERSES this way (EGEL=1st year)
EXAMPLE 3
---------
The Biblical phrase
>OX and DONKEY occurs about 2 dozen times in Tnach {LIST3}
>OX and DONKEY are typical ANIMALS
>By aligining 3 Sabbath law verses we see OX/DONKEY=ANIMAL
>
>2-23-12 Observe Sabbath so OX DONKEY will rest
>5-5-14 Don't do work .... OX DONKEY & ANIMAL
>2-20-10 Dont do work..you. ANIMAL
>
>No verse contradicts that OX/DONKEY=ALL ANIMALS
So Rashi is Simple---all 7 commandments dealing with OX/DONKEY{LIST7
>Apply to ALL ANIMALS.
So if the Torah says
>Pay for damages to OX/DONKEYS then
>We pay for damages to ANY ANIMAL
Similarly if the Torah says
>don't thresh with an OX/DONKEY together
>we don't thresh with any two animals
Similarly if the Torah says
>Help your neighbor if his OX/DONKEY falls then
>we help our neighbor if ANY ANIMAL of his falls
EXAMPLE 4
---------
There are
>36 crimes for which there is a death penalty {LIST4}
>In about 8 of them it explicitly says BY STONING
>In 6 of them it says HIS BLOOD IS ON HIM
>In one of these 6 verses it says
>STONE HIM, HIS BLOOD IS ON HIM
>In NO verse is the phrase
>HIS BLOOD IS ON HIM
connected with any other death penalty
So Rashi is Simple---We conclude that the phrase
>HIS BLOOD IS ON HIM = STONING
in all circumstances.
This completes the examples of the principle of Rabbi Ishmael:
>A general class/list that had an exception:
>Then the exception teaches about the the whole list.
Further details on this interesting principle may be found
in the COMMENTS ON RASHI'S FORM SECTION
COMMENTS ON RASHI'S FORM:
=========================
We make 6 comments.
#1) Further applications of the principle to 3-9-3
--------------------------------------------------
Aaron Bitman of my Shomray Emunah Rashi class pointed out
that 3-9-3 says that BOTH
>lamb and calfs are one year
Aaron concluded that
>lambs=sheep family within first year
This is indeed so (Rambam, Sacrifices 1:14). However
as I pointed out to Aaron, there are MANY verses that state
>a lamb IN ITS FIRST YEAR
but there are only 2 verses which state
>CALFS, ONE YEAR OLD
Therefore CALFS are a better example of this rule of
Rabbi Ishmael.
#2) What is first year
----------------------
Harry Rashbaum of my Shomray Emunah Rashi class asked what
>one year means
The Rambam, Sacrifices 1:14 explains that
>One year old calf = A Calf from 30 days to 1 year.
#3) Criteria for applying the principle
---------------------------------------
The reader will note that I added several criteria for
applying this principle. Indeed, suppose eg the word BALL
occurs several dozen times in the Bible but only once is
it stated that a ball is red. Does that mean that all balls
are red? Certainly not!! But why then are we justified in
asserting that all calfs are 1 year old if we can't assert
that all balls are red?
To answer this question I pointed out that
>WE ALREADY know that CALFS = YOUNG OX
>In other words we know the QUALITY of YOUTH
>We just don't know HOW YOUNG
In other words we apply this prinicple of Rabbi Ishmael only
when an attribute clarifies and specifies some general quality.
I knew that a CALF is a young OX and therefore I am justified
in saying that it is a one year old ox because I found it that
way in some verses. But I am not justified in asserting that
ALL BALLS ARE RED because color is not intrinsic to the
concept of ball.
In summary, balls do NOT have to have a noticable color while
calfs DO have to have a noticable youthness.
#4) Some verses have more than Ox and Donkey
--------------------------------------------
For example some verses speak about OX DONKEY LAMB GARMENT.
See Volume 1 Number 13, V2b22-25 for a delightful treatment of
the GENERAL-PARTICULAR-GENERALform which also justifies
generalization
#5) Further derivations from the ox-donkey verses
-------------------------------------------------
Finally EVEN though the generalization of
>OX-DONKEY = ALL ANIMALS
was learned from the alignment of 3 verses in the Sabbath laws
nevertheless this OX DONKEY pair is still treated like any
other generalization...we only take attributes common to the
OX and DONKEY. So eg if the Bible says
>if an OX or DONKEY fall into a pit (payment is made)
then we infer that
>the obligation of payment only applies to items
>LIKE the ox and donkey
>
>that is to BEINGS
>WITHOUT INTELLIGENCE
>WHO COME TO THE PIT
This excludes HUMANS (who have intelligence
and can look where they are going) and UTENSILS
which cannot fall into a pit without human intervention.
#6) Which Principle of Rabbi Ishmael
------------------------------------
Rashi technically speaking refers to this RabbiIshmael principle as
>GENERALIZATION
I however have explained it as
>An exception in a list applies to the whole list.
The reason why I don't follow Rashi and use the word GENERALIZATION
is manyfold
a) Rashi in Psachim 6 says that any verse with an example is
always generalized (unless it has a GENERAL PARTICULAR FORM)
a1) For instance 2-22-35 speaks about an OX goring
another OX (The owner must pay). This law is generalized to ANY
ANIMAL goring ANY OTHER ANIMAL (the owner must pay).
a2) By contrast verses with TWO examples are not generalized.
For example the statement that a thief pays 4 or 5 times the
amount for stealing a sheep or ox is NOT generalized to all
animals(because there are 2 examples (Sheep and OX) Similarly
in 5-22-10:11, we see that
>don't wear WOOL and LINEN together
is NOT generalized to
>don't wear ANY 2 SPECIES TOGETHER.
Thus a) a1) and a2) taken together state that the term
>GENERALIZATION
only applies to verses with ONE example.
Consequently the examples in this digest which refer to
EXCEPTIONS in a LIST are not classified as GENERALIZATION
but rather as "EXCEPTIONS TO THE LIST APPLY TO THE WHOLE LIST"
To clinch the above argument note that in 5-22-10:11 the verse
>Dont thresh with an OX and DONKEY
**is** generalized to
>Don't thresh with ANY two animals
while the verse
>don't wear flax and wool
**is not** generalized to
>don't wear any two species of plant derivative
Apparently the only reason we generalize the OX DONKEY
verse is because the Bible explicitly indicates in the Sabbath
laws that
>
>2-23-12 Observe Sabbath so OX DONKEY will rest
>5-5-14 Don't do work .... OX DONKEY & ANIMAL
>2-20-10 Dont do work..you. ANIMAL
>
OX DONKEY=ANIMAL
The above explains why I have deviated from rashis language. However
I can defend Rashis language when we recall eg that Hillel had only
7 prinicples (vs 13 of Rabbi Ishmael). Hillel and Rabbi Ishmael did
not differ in the details of the principles but rather had different
classification schemes. Thus HILLEL called any principle that used
GENERALIZATION by the term GENERALIZATION while Rabbi Ishmael had
more focused terms for each particular type of generalization.
This explains why Rashi used the term generalization.
LISTS {For ADVANCED students and for those with more time}:
===========================================================
{LIST1} {The word
>EGEL=CALF
occurs about 4 dozen times in Tnach. However in only
2 of them is the
>AGE OF THE CALF
explicitly identified as
>in its first year.
From these 2 verses I learn that in general
>CALF = a 1 year old member of Ox family. The
LIST below gives some sample texts}
VERSE IS AGE TEXT OF VERSE
MENTIONED
======== ========= =======================================
3-9-3 YEAR CALF and lamb--ONE YEAR old
Mich6-6 YEAR*1 Will I serve God with ONE YEAR old CALF
5-21-4:6 And bring the CALF down to the river
2-32-4:8 they have made a golden CALF
Ps29-6 They dance like CALFS
FOOTNOTES
=========
*1 Compare also the statement of Samson in Jud14-18
>If you had not sported with my CALF
where he compares
>his newly married wife = a CALF
(This would also justify the notion that
>CALF=1st Year)
{LIST2} {The Hebrew root
>HMM=CONFUSION
occurs 14 times in Tnach. In all but one of them
the reference is to
>CONFUSION as part of a WAR EFFORT
In at least 2 of them this confusion is identified with
>CONFUSION by NOISE
(Similar to the use of BATTLE CRIES and LOUD NOISES in
attacks). Therefore we infer that in general
>HMM = CONFUSE BY NOISE
For explanations of those verses where the
>HMM = confuse BY NOISE
is not that obvious, see Footnote 2. The LIST
below gives some sample texts}
VERSE IS NOISE
MENTIONED TEXT
========= ========= ===================================
Ps18-15*1 BY NOISE He Shot LIGHTNING and CONFUSED them
1Sam7-10 BY NOISE God THUNDERED on the Philistines & CONFUSED them
Jos10-10 And God CONFUSED them(the Canaanite nations)
2Ch15-6 For God was CONFUSING all nations
2-14-24 And God CONFUSED the Egyptian Army
FOOTNOTES
=========
*1 cf 2Sam22-15 which has the same structure
*2 The concept of
>CONFUSE = BY NOISE
gives rise to the following interpretations
>5-2-15 "And God CONFUSED those who believed the spies"
We could posit that there were great noises in the camp
OR
We could posit that God visited these people with
visions of FIRE and NOISE (cf Ez 3-12 or 5-5-23 for
an explicit statement that PROPHETIC VISIONS happened
by GREAT NOISE)
>Est9-24 "and he (haman) cast the lot (Purim) to CONFUSE/DESTROY"
That Haman wanted to
>DESTROY
the Jews is clear
That he wanted to
>CONFUSE THEM WITH LOUD NOISES
is not that clear.
Perhaps the reference is to the traditional
>Anti semitic JEERING of Jews by non jews
>2-23-27 "..and I will CONFUSE the nations you come to"
Is it then clear that God used NOISE to destroy the
7 Canaanite nations? Perhaps a partial support of this
could be found from
>Josh6-5 "...when the SHOFARS blow and
> the whole nation SCREAMS
> and then the walls of Jericho will fall
The above examples give a short taste of how inferences such as
>CONFUSE = BY NOISE
must be confirmed for consistency in all verses.
{LIST3} {The phrase
>OX/DONKEY
occurs in about 2 dozen verses in Tnach.
Based upon the EXPLICIT juxtapositions
>
>2-23-12 Observe Sabbath so OX DONKEY will rest
>5-5-14 Don't do work .... OX DONKEY & ANIMAL
>2-20-10 Dont do work..you. ANIMAL
>
We infer that
>OX & DONKEY = ANY ANIMAL
It turns out that
>OX and DONKEY
is mentioned in 20 verses that fall into 3 categories
>DESTRUCTION OF OX/DONKEY=ALL ANIMALS in war
>Verses about POSSESSIONS of OX/DONKEY=Animals
>7 Biblical laws including
>Prohibition of coveting OX/DONKEY=Any Animal
>Return of lost OX/DONKEY=ANIMALS
>Payment for theft of OX/DONKEY=Animals
>Payment of damages of OX/DONKEY=Animals
>Helping fallen OX/DONKEY=Animals
>Prohibition of working with OX/DONKEY=2animals
>Requirement of Sabbath Rest of OX/DONKEY=animal
This is summarized in {LIST7}}
VERSE TEXT AREA
======== ===================================================== =====
2-21-33 And an OX or DONKEY falls in Pit LAW
2-22-3 If the theft is found from OX to DONKEY to LAMB.. LAW
2-22-8:9 If there is a legal dispute on OX DONKEY LAMB GARMENT LAW
5-22-10 Don't Thresh with an OX and DONKEY together LAW
2-23-4 If you find your friends OX or DONKEY..return it LAW
2-23-12 Observe Sabbath so OX and DONKEY can rest LAW
5-5-14 Don't do any work your OX DONKEY and ANIMAL LAW
5-5-18 Don't covet your neighbor's.. his OX or DONKEY.. LAW
2-20-17 Don't lust your neighbor's .. his OX or DONKEY LAW
5-22-4 If you see ..OX..DONKEY fall LAW
Jos6-21 And they destroyed (everything)..OX LAMB DONKEY WAR
1S15-3 Destroy AMALEK from OX to LAMB from CAMEL to DONKEY WAR
1Sam22-19 And they smote the city...OX DONKEY LAMB WAR
Jud6-5 And they destroyed everything...OX DONKEY LAMB WAR
5-28-31 You OX is slaughtered; Your DONKEY stolen WAR
Jos7-24 and he took(destroyed) his OX DONKEY and HIS SHEEP... WAR
1S12-3 Whose OX have I taken? Whose DONKEY have I taken? GNRL
Isa1-3 The OX knows its BUYER;the DONKEY ...its OWNER GNRL
Job24-3 The steal the DONKEYS of ORPHANS; the OXEN of WIDOWS GNRL
1-32-6 And Jacob had OX and DONKEY GNRL
1-32-6 And Jacob had OX and DONKEY GNRL
{LIST4} {The 18 crimes receiving death by stoning-Rmbm Courts15:10
Noticed how the Biblical phrases
>His Blood is On Him
>Kill him (HRG)
ONLY occur by Stoning. Hence we conclude that
>His Blood is On Him = Stoning
>Kill Him = Stoning
Further elaboration is found in {LIST5} {LIST6}}
CRIME VERSE DEATH TYPE DEATH PHRASE IN A LIST OF
MENTIONED USED IN TORA OTHER CRIMES
===== ===== ========= ============ ============
OV 3-20-27 Stoning Blood on him Yes
curse parents 3-20-9 Blood on him Yes
Adultery 3-20-10 Yes
Father's wife incest*1 3-20-11 Blood on him Yes
Daughter-in-law incest 3-20-12 Blood on him Yes
Homosexuality 3-20-13 Blood on him Yes
Sleep mother &daughter 3-20-14 Fire Yes
Bestiality*2 3-20-15 Kill Yes
Women sleeps animal*2 3-20-16 Blood on him Yes
Incest sister 3-20-17 Cut off Yes
Niddah 3-20-18 Cut off Yes
Aunt incest 3-20-20 No childrn Yes
Brother in Law's wife 3-20-21 No childrn Yes
Engaged woman incest 5-22-24 Stoning
Blashphemer 3-24-14 Stoning
Idolatry 5-17-5 Stoning
Molech worship 3-20-2 Stoning
Seduce to idolatry*3 5-13-11 Stoning Kill
Sabbath desecration 4-15-35 Stoning
Rebellious son 5-21-21 Stoning
Witchcraft 2-22-18 Yes*2
FOOTNOTES:
==========
*1 Sleeping with ones Father's wife is similar to sleeping with ones
* mother.
*2 Witchcraft and bestiality are prohibited IN THE SAME PARAGRAPH
so their punishments are the same (2-22-17 thru 2-22-18). The
paragraph has only 2 sentences which warn against these crimes.
Finally 3-20-15:16 imply that there is stoning for
>an animal that sleeps with a human
>a women that sleeps with an animal
and therefore we are justified
>By GENERALIZING these 2 cases
that stoning also applies to
>a man that sleeps with an animal
*3 The crime of seducing an individual to idolatry is considered
similar to the crime of seducing a whole city to idolatry.
{LIST5} {A condensed list of crimes for which there is a death
penalty with each type of death listed only once
See {LIST4} for a more detailed list of crimes for
which there is a death penalty}
CRIME VERSE DEATH TYPE DEATH PHRASE
MENTIONED USED IN TORA
===== ===== ========= ============
OV 3-20-27 Stoning They shall die
Adultery 3-20-10 They shall die
Sleep mother &daughter 3-20-14 Fire They shall die
Incest sister 3-20-17 Cut off NOT USED
Aunt incest 3-20-20 No childrn NOT USED
*{LIST6} {Stoning crimes for which a certain phrase is used which
does not occur anyplace else---such linked phrases become
keywords meaning stoning. See {LIST4} for a more detailed
list}
CRIME VERSE DEATH TYPE DEATH PHRASE
MENTIONED USED IN TORA
===== ===== ========= ============
OV 3-20-27 Stoning Blood on him
curse parents 3-20-9 Blood on him
Bestiality 3-20-15 Kill*1
Seduce to idolatry 5-13-11 Stoning Kill
FOOTNOTES
=========
*1 That Bestiality is punished by stoning is ALSO learned
from the linkage in 3-20-15:16 of bestiality to
>they shall die their BLOOD IS ON THEM
{LIST7}{The 7 Biblical commandments where the mention of
>OX and DONKEY
is
>GENERALIZED
so that the commandment applies to
>ALL ANIMALS
This list is condensed from {LIST3}*1}
VERSE TEXT AREA
======== ================================================== =====
5-5-18 Don't covet your neighbor's.. his OX or DONKEY.. COVET
2-20-17 Don't lust your neighbor's .. his OX or DONKEY LUST
2-23-4 If you find your friends OX or DONKEY..return it LOST
2-21-33 And an OX or DONKEY falls in Pit DAMAGE
2-22-3 If the theft is found from OX to DONKEY to LAMB.. THEFT
2-22-8:9 ...legal dispute on OX DONKEY LAMB GARMENT WATCHER
5-22-10 Don't Thresh with an OX and DONKEY together THRESH
2-23-12 Observe Sabbath so OX and DONKEY can rest SABBATH
5-5-14 Don't do any work your OX DONKEY and ANIMAL SABBATH
5-22-4 If you see ..OX..DONKEY fall FALLEN
FOOTNOTES
=========
*1 Note that certain commandments have several other items mentioned
like
>OX DONKEY LAMB GARMENT
This justifies further Generalizations (eg not just to all animals
but to all movables) See v2b22-25 in volume 1 number 13 for more
details
CROSS REFERENCES:
=================
v3b20-9, Volume 2 Number 1 (The 18 death penalties)
v2b22-25 Volume 1 Number 13 (Rabbi Ishmael's rules)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
=================
RULE CLASSIFICATION {See the web site for comparable examples}:
===============================================================
RabbiIshmael
RabbiIshmael
RabbiIshmael
RabbiIshmael
RabbiIshmael
RabbiIshmael
#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*
THE 2 DOZEN RASHI-IS-SIMPLE RASHI RULES
=======================================
I: RASHI gives MEANING
======================
A: WORD MEANINGS--(eg)"on the face of"=during the lifetime
(v2n6,v4-3-4), http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v4-3-4.htm
B: SPECIAL WORDS--(eg)ACH=USUALLY;USUALLY observe shabbath!
(v2n6, v4-1-49),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v4-1-49.htm
C: SYNONYMS--(eg)YShV=RESIDE; GARTI='INNED'--temporary say
(v1n1, v1-32-5), http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v1-32-5.htm
D: UNIFIED MEANING--(eg)Tz Ch K = (a) laugh, OR (b) mock
(v4n4, v1-21-9), http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v1-21-9.htm
E: NEW MEANINGS--(eg)HEAD-MOUTH of garment = HEM of Garment
(v5n10,v2a28-32),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v2a28-32.htm
II: RASHI teaches GRAMMAR/STYLE
===============================
F: CLASSICAL GRAMMAR--(eg)HEY+CHATAF PATACH=QUESTION
(v2n24,v1b3-11),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v1b3-11.htm
G: USAGE(NEW GRAMMAR)--(eg)INFINITIVE=GERUND;WATCHING laws;
(v2n10,v4-32-6),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v4-32-6.htm
H: ROOT+PREPOSITION--(eg) BCH AL=cries about,BCH ETH=mourn
(v1n14,v1a45-14),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v1a45-14.htm
I: SEMANTIC RULES--(eg) WAGES="ENDoF"="END oF Work Day';
(v1n10,v1b1-1),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v1b1-1.htm
J: STYLE--(eg)REPETITION denotes Endearment;'Abraham,Abraham
(v1n6,v2-1-1),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v2-1-1.htm
K: DOUBLE NOUNS--(eg)HIT HIT by sword ('even without sword')
(v2n20,v2a22-25),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v2a22-25.htm
L: PRONOUNS--(eg) sanctify OTHO = sanctify ONLY IT;
(v2n10,v4a7-1),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v4a7-1.htm
III: OVERALL TEXTUAL STRUCTURE
==============================
M: OTHER VERSES--(eg)STONE(3-25-13)=BALANCE STONES(3-19-36)
(v3n9,v5b25-13),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v5b25-13.htm
N: EXTRA SENTENCES--(eg)he'll dress his measurement=TAYLORED
(v1n20,v3a6-3),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v3a6-3.htm
O: DOUBLE PARSHAS-'he WILL pray'-'he WON'T pray';So Optional
(v3n12,v5a24-14),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v5a24-14.htm
P: CLIMAX-(eg 5-19-11)(a)Hate, (b)spy, (c)confront,(d)Murder
(v3n9,v5-19-11),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v5-19-11.htm
Q: OVERALL STRUCTURE-growing nails=despisement(from context)
(v3n8,v5-21-12),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v5-21-12.htm
IV: IMPLICATIONS & DERIVATIONS
==============================
R: STAGES-learn HUMAN marital frequency from ANIMAL ratios
(v1n14,v1a32-15),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v1a32-15.htm
S: MORAL LESSONS/REASONS-God spoke before punishment;we too
(v2n12,v4-12-9),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v4-12-9.htm
T: RabbiIshmael-(eg)When an OX gores; OR ANY animal gores;
(v2n19,v2-22-17),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v2-22-17.htm
V: OVERALL
=================
U: SYMBOLISM-'WASHING his clothes in wine'=PLENTY of wine;
(v4n18,v1a49-11),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v1a49-11.htm
V: PICTURES--(eg) The TZITZ was like a HELMET over a turban
(v5n12,v2-40-35),http://www.shamash.org/rashi/v2-40-35.htm
W: TABLES/SPREADSHEETS---To appear
End of Rashi-Is-Simple Digest
#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*