Rashi-Is-Simple Mailing List VISIT the RASHI DATABASE archives AT http://www.RashiYomi.Com/ Surfing the Talmudic Seas (C) Dr Russell Jay Hendel, 2000 Volume 6 Number 25 Produced Jul 26 2000 WARNING: USE FIX WIDTH FONTS (eg COURIER (NEW) 10) Verses/Topics Discussed in This Issue with quicky explanations v9-7-26a Free downloads on Rashi website. All 1000 Rashis plus an excel index sheet. v9-7-26b Finally getting to answer reader questions Answers to Mike Krumbein ("Eye for an Eye") Answers to Hermann Woulk on Gn28-05a v9-7-26c New policy on Golden Rashi Rambam series v9-7-26d New format for "forgotten examples" Gn28-05a Answer to question of Hermann Woulk. Solving a problem Rashi could not solve Dvar Torah for my mother on a special birthday WEEKLY PARSHAH Nu31-03a Use of the word ALL Nu31-04a Inferring moral lessons from Moses behavior Nu26-05a Advanced Database justification for a pun (From last weeks parshah) Dt19-12a "EYE FOR AN EYE"---a New Approach. Answer to a question of Michael Krumbein. Rashis covered in this issue ---------------------------- VERSE RULE BRIEF EXPLANATION ======== ============ ================= Gn28-05a STYLE Unusual genealogy indicates emphasis Nu31-03a MORAL REASONS Moses as a role model for behavior Nu31-04a SPECIAL WORDS The word "ALL" has 5 meanings Nu26-05a DOUBLE PARSHAS Rashi compares 60 names Dt19-21a OTHER VERSES Meaning is learned from other verses Dt25-12a OTHER VERSES Meaning is learned from other verses Ex21-14a OTHER VERSES Meaning is learned from other verses Lv24-20a OTHER VERSES Meaning is learned from other verses -------------------------------------------------------------- #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# RASHI IS SIMPLE GOALS: To grammatically defend all 8000 Rashis on Chumash. METHOD:Rashis are defended with LISTS of comparable cases INTENDED AUDIENCE: Laymen, Academicians, Yeshiva world COMMENTS,QUESTIONS: EMail to address below ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:If you want to ask anonymously please ask (UN)SUBSCRIBE: Email to addresses below with "(UN)subscribe" JOURNAL REFERECE: Pshat & Drash,TRADITION, Win 1980,R Hendel NOTATION: eg Gn01-02a refers to Rashi "a" on Genesis 1:2 SPECIALS:...on Parshah,Rambam,Ramban,Pedagogy,Symbolism RASHI-IS-SIMPLE RULES Complete set of rules on bottom EMAIL: RJHendel@Juno.Com, rashi-is-simple@shamash.org, WEB: http://www.RashiYomi.Com/ #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* VERSE: v9-7-26a Please visit the Rashi website at http://www.RashiYomi.Com Go to the WHATS NEW AND HOT section. You can find free downloads of 235 text files explaining 1000 Rashis. An excel workbook sorts them by both Verse and Rule. #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* VERSE: v9-7-26b My apologies for letting questions run so long. I finally found my problem. I am devoting 10-30 hours a week explaining Rashis but I try and answer questions in only 1 hour. This is wrong. I have therefore restructured my time priorities and am answering all questions. I start this issue by answering some questions on -An eye for an eye--why the literal interpretation QUESTION of Mike Krumbein -Why did Rashi say I Don't know QUESTION of noted author Hermann Woulk Both these questions are over 6 months old In future issues I will simply go thru my backlog. PLEASE SEND IN QUESTIONS. THIS IS YOUR EMAIL LIST Russell Hendel; Moderator Rashi is Simlple #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* VERSE: v9-7-26c I should be presenting another Golden Rashi-Rambam series However these series are too long. I always have a few people dropping the list after these series. So...I will serialize the relevant Rashis over a few issues and THEN summarize. In other words you will still get the Golden series but they will be shorter and digestible My goal today is to explain one of the dozen greatest pieces of halachic midrash--Chapter one of Rambam, Damages. In this issue I explain the famous "Eye for an Eye" verse. #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* VERSE: v9-7-26d I have the following new format for "forgotten examples" Suppose as happened I explain 40 Rashis dealing with the word ALL (volume 6 number 20). But then I uncover a few more examples. Then I will simply --cross reference the main posting; --cite the major subrules with examples --explain the new item --Place a NOTE UP FRONT that this posting is an ADDENDUM to a previous posting Hope this will be easy both on those who have seen it already as well as those who have not yet heard of the rule. My goal is to make all readers go away with a solid understanding of the new example against the background of the rule. #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* VERSE: Gn28-05a ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 1: The following was presented on the occasion of a special birthday of my mother, Perl Hendel. In her honor I explained the following Verse, which Rashi claims he does not understand. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 2: The following Rashi was brought to my attention by Herman Woulk, the noted author, when I met him a year and a half ago. Gn28-05 And Isaac sent Jacob to Paden Aram to Laban the brother of Rivkah THE MOTHER OF JACOB AND ESAUV RASHI: I do not know why the capped phrase THE MOTHER OF JACOB AND ESAUV was written. RULE: (a) Normal genealogy is parental eg "Isaac SON OF Abraham" (b) Abnormal genealogy is used to denote EMPHASIS--some special caring relation between the 2 people EXAMPLES -------- ----------------------------------------------------------- In the following verses genealogy is normal (Parental) ----------------------------------------------------------- VERSE TEXT ----- ---- Gn04-18 Kayin gave birth to Chanoch*1 Gn05-06 Sheth gave birth to Enosh *1 Gn10-02 The SONS of Yefet are Gomer..*1 Gn25-19 Isaac SON of Abraham*2 Gn36-20 These are the SONS of Seir..Lotan...*1 NOTES ----- *1 The whole chapter gives genealogies. For reasons of space we just mention 1 example *2 There is an interesting Ramban on this which will be studied at a later date (Ramban discusses the STYLE of genealogies) ---------------------------------------------------------------- In the following examples genealogy is ABNORMAL(non parental) Rashi interprets this to mean showing a caring relationship ---------------------------------------------------------------- VERSE GENEALOGY INTERPRETATION ----- ----------------------- -------------- Gn34-25 Simon brother of Dinah He went to war to save her*1 Nu25-18 Cazbi sister of Midyan She went to war for her nation Ex15-20 Miryam sister of Aaron He prayed for her in sickness*2 Gn04-22 Naamah sister of Tuval Tuval married her to a friend*3 Gn28-09 Mchlth sister of Nvyth Nvyth helped her marry*3 Ex06-23 Elishvh sister of Ncson Ncshon helped her marry*3 NOTES ----- *1 Gn34 discusses the war of Simon&Levi to save the raped Dinah *2 Nu12 describes how Aaron prayed for Miryam when she was punished by Leprosy *3 These verses are more conjectural. Rashi citing Chazal points out that a brother is a sister's closest male relative and therefore measuring similarity to the brother is a good way of accessing the potential success of a marriage. For example Tuval was a hardware man while Noach was a shipbuilder. So Chazal/Rashi conjecture that Noach married Naamah since Naamah had grown up with a hardware man and knew their needs *4 Many of these verses have been commented on in previous postings. APPLICATION ----------- Returning to Gn28-05a "Rivkah The Mother of Jacob and Esauv" we interpret this to mean that Rivkah cared for the individual needs of BOTH Jacob and Esauv. Recall that to be a good parent once must not impose on a child but rather one must let every child grow up in their own way The best example of such parenthood occurs with Jacob who blessed that each child should grow up with what interests them CHILD VERSE PROFESSSION ----- ----- ----------- Judah Gn49-08 Military Zvulun Gn49-13 Seafarer Yissachar Gn49-14 Farmer Dan Gn49-16 Judge Joseph Gn49-22 Political appointee By contrast, as Rav Hirsch points out in his essays "And the children grew up" (From which this part of the posting comes), Isaac failed as a parent. It explicitly says that "Esauv was a HUNTER while Jacob was an innocent man of tents"(Gn25-27) Hence it was Isaacs obligation to orient the Torah study of Esauv to be consistent with his hunting desires. Instead Isaac raised BOTH Jacob and Esauv as tent dwellers which is why Esauv rebelled. The clearest proof that Esauv's wickedness came from Isaac's failure is from the explicit verse "And Isaac did NOT recognize the disguised Jacob BECAUSE HE HAD ON HAIRY CLOTHING"(Gn27-23) In other words Isaac judged people by externals and could not see the underlying personality. By contrast Rivkah DID understand both her children. For this reason she told the innocent Jacob to dress up as Esauv so that Isaac would give Jacob the blessings that he intended to give Esauv. Rivkahs intention was that Isaac should finally discover that he had been fooled his whole life by the externals of Esauv and should give Jacob the blessing (This is explicitly stated in the Bible since Isaac agreed with Rivkah after he found out "...he did fool you..but the blessing I gave stands" (Gn27-33) Similarly Rivkah understood that Esauv wanted to kill Jacob and therefore she sent Jacob to Laban both to escape Esauv's murder intents as well as to learn how to deal with underhanded people We conclude that Rivkah was the mother of BOTH Jacob and Esauv She understood them both. By contrast,the previous chapter, shows us how Isaac was the father of Jacob but had been fooled his whole life by Esauv who knew which externals his father liked. This is the simple straightforward meaning of the verse, "Rivkah MOTHER of (BOTH) Esauv and Jacob". My mother Perl Hendel taught me the above principles and raised all 4 of us to be totally different. People who know me and my siblings comment on how different we are. Therefore it is fitting that I solve this problem of Rashi in honor of my Mothers special birthday But Hermann Woulk's problem remains--"Why didn't Rashi know the principle my mother taught me?"! #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* VERSE: Nu31-03a Nu31-01:03 "And God said to Moses...Avenge ..on the Midianites and then you will die. And Moses asked the Jews to conscript to an army for war.." RASHI: We see Moses greatness. Although he knew that he would die after this war nevertheless he prepared for it energetically. We can infer proper ethical behavior from here (That one should always be energetic in communal and Divine performances) No further comment is necessary. RULE: MORAL REASONS/LESSONS #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* VERSE: Nu31-04a NOTE: This posting is an addendum to a theme fully developed elsewhere Nu31-04 "1000 per tribe From ALL tribes conscript for the army" RASHI: "ALL" even the tribe of Levi. In volume 6 number 20 (http://www.RashiYomi.Com/h6n20.htm) we showed that the word "ALL" means no exceptions and is used in 5 ways. --all GROUPS (eg Speak to ALL the Jews--even minors) --EVEN BORDERLINE CASES (eg if you listen to ALL commandments ---even light commandments) --PARTS (eg touching ANY dead body will render you impure --even if you only touch part of a dead body(an organ) --NO EXCEPTIONS (eg ALL of Sedom gathered to rape--ALL of the city without exception) --DON'T MAKE OBVIOUS EXCLUSIONS eg Bzalel did ALL God told Moses--ALL-Bzalel even did things God told Moses but Moses forgot to tell Bzalel (ie he intuited them) Returning to our verse "ALL tribes should prepare for war on Midian", I would think this means "ALL tribes involved in territorial wars"--hence I would exclude the Levites who did not inherit land (Indeed the next chapter shows how the Gadites joined in the war effort only because they inherited land). By saying "ALL" we are warned against excluding the Levites I guess the underlying argument is that the war against Midyan was NOT a territorial war but a religious war. It was a war to avenge the murder of 24000 Jews in a plague brought on as a punishment to malicious Midianite prostitution Hence the Levites joined this war (By analogy the Levites were involved in the war effort against those who sinned with the Golden calf) RULE: SPECIAL WORDS #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* VERSE: Nu26-05a BACKGROUND ---------- Every child of Jacob had a subtribe named after him. The subtribe's name had the same name as the child with a "y" at the end. Thus eg a child named JOE became the tribe JOEY. Furthermore to emphasize that this was a tribe and not a person it was called THE JOEY.Since you indicate the word THE in Hebrew by prefixing with the letter "hay" we have that the person named "JOE" became the tribe named "[H] JOE [Y]". There is in fact a list of 5 dozen names and tribes in Nu26 ---------------------------------------------------------- CHILD TRIBE VERSE ------ -------------- ------- ChNoCh [h] chnoch [y] Nu26-05 YaMiN [h] yamin [y] Nu26-12 ChFR [h] chfr [y] Nu26-32 ChGY [h] chg [y] Nu26-15 PVH [h] pn [y] Nu26-23 YiMNaH [h] [Y]iMNa [h] Nu26-44 *1 ---------------------------------------------------------- *1 Notice how of the 5 dozen names all of them follow this pattern of "adding a [h] at the front and a [y] at the end" with one exception---YIMNAH, the last person on the above list To explain this I have carefully constructed the above list. THere are names that begin with [y] and names that end with [h]--yet all these names have the [h] and [y] added. It is only YIMNAh whose name BOTH begins and ends with [h][y] that is an exception.In other words the simplest way to distinguish YIMNAH from other people is to note that his name both begins and ends with [y][h]. Still another way of seeing this is to perform an advanced database query and ask which feature distinguishes YIMNAH from the other tribes. The simplest (ie shortest) such feature is "begin and end with letters of Gods name--[y][h]". Once we see this interest in "surrounding the name with the letters of Gods name" it is straightforward to see this as a strengthening of faith presumably brought about by the destructive forces of Egypt. Hence Rashis comments that the Jews, to preserve their identity surrounded Gods name on all their names--since YIMNAH already had his named surrounded with a [h,y] no further change was necessary NOTE: I have supplemented Rashis explanation by trying to emphasize that there is no simpler explanation why YMNH did not have a Y placed on his name. RULE: DOUBLE PARSHAS #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* VERSE: Dt19-21a NOTE: We explain the famous "An eye for an Eye" Verse RULE: Jewish Laws **requires** courts to be biased towards mercy This requirement is based on explicit Biblical verses. The consequent bias towards mercy in turn justifies a merciful interpretation of verses. EXAMPLES:(Verses explicitly requiring bias towards mercy) -------- EXAMPLE 1: Ex23-02 ------------------ Ex23-02 "Don't use a majority for bad things(ie convictions)" RASHI: Hence, the explicit shocking law that "To acquit you only need a majority of 1 but to convict you need a majority of 2" (ie If a court voted to convict a murderer 12 to 11 then the person is NOT convicted) EXAMPLE 2: Dt16-20 ------------------ Dt16-20 "Justice Justice Pursue" RASHI: In general repeated nouns are always interpreted broadly to include any case. Hence Rashi combining this verse with Ex23-07 "..do not execute a RIGHTEOUS or INNOCENT person" says "Exempt the person from execution whether he is actually RIGHTEOUS or was found (incorrectly) INNOCENT" In other words you *can* reverse a conviction if you find new evidence but you *can't* reverse an acquittal even if you find you made a mistake. As the Rambam says "exempt the person from conviction as long as you find any reason to exempt him" (Rambam, Laws of Parliament 20:1). Thus as we indicated Jewish Law is biased towards mercy EXAMPLE 3: Nu35-24:25 --------------------- Nu35-24:25 "And the congregation shall JUDGE..& SAVE TALMUD: In other words the primary purpose of judgement is to SAVE the accused (if possible). This verse has given rise to numerous institutions designed to encourage acquitals: --a judged who advanced an argument for acquital cannot reverse himself and argue for conviction --a student who advanced an argument for acquital is promoted to the court bench --students not on the bench may not offer arguments for conviction --as already indicated convictions require a majority of 2 but acquitals require only a simple majority Again, Jewish law is biased towards mercy EXAMPLE 4: Lv19-18 ------------------ Lv19-18 "Love thy colleague like thyself" TALMUD: The talmud uses this verse to justify that convicted murderers are drugged before execution so that they should not experience pain(Sanhedrin 45-46) (In other words we must "love" the murderer as ourselves) EXAMPLE 5: Lv19-15 ------------------ Lv19-15 "Judge your colleagues without prejudice" RASHI: The sequence of verses justifies this interpretation -Do not harass with questions during a lawsuit -Do not acquit a person because he is poor -Do not act deferential towards the rich -But Rather simply judge the ACT on its merits COMMENT: A similar law exists in American law. Roughly speaking this law requires you to judge the ACT and not the PERSON. So you treat a thief who robbed the same way you treat a person who robbed once---in particular since you are judging the person as if this is the only time he did this therefore you shouldn't be vindicative in penalties. SUMMARY: ------- {LIST1} {Jewish law is biased towards mercy} EXAMPLE VERSE HOW VERSE PROMOTES MERCY ---------- ---------- --------------------------------------- EXAMPLE 1: Ex23-02 Convictions by 2; acquitals by 1 EXAMPLE 2: Dt16-20 Convictions are reversed; not acquitals EXAMPLE 3: Nu35-24:25 Encourage students/judges for acquitals EXAMPLE 4: Lv19-18 Love the murderer like thyself! EXAMPLE 5: Lv19-15 Judge the act not the person APPLICATION ----------- In reviewing laws of bodily damages we find 5 categories of damage. Here are the categories, verses and payments {LIST2} {Categories for damages. See Rambam Torts 1} DAMAGE VERSE COMPENSATION -------------- ------- ----------------- DISABILITY Ex21-19 Money MEDICAL Ex21-19 Money PAIN Dt22-29 Money EMBARASSMENT Dt25-12 Cut her hand off OVERALL DAMAGE Ex21-24 An eye for an eye*1 NOTES ----- *1 By overall damage we mean depreciation in the persons' worth as say a full time servant. Eg If you took his eye out, besides paying him pain, embarassment disability and medical you assess how much less he is worth as a servant without an eye. It appears as if the punishment for taking someones eyes out is to have your own eyes taken out ("an eye for an eye") But Rashi explicitly says in 4 places that the punishment is monetary. {LIST3} {Verses were Rashi/Chazal interpret compensation to be monetary not vindicative} VERSE RASHI INTERPRETS COMPENSATION TO BE MONETARY -------- -------------------------------------------- Ex21-14a The monetary value of an eye for an eye Lv24-20a Pay money for damages to an organ Dt19-21a The monetary value of an eye for an eye Dt25-12a Cut her hand off = Cut a payment for her damages Why? Isn't Rashi/Chazal violating the literal simple meaning of the text. Even if we do interpret these verses this way how can we say that this is the 'simple meaning' of the text. But the reason for asserting that this interpretation is monetary comes from the technique of OTHER VERSES. Sure, if all the Torah had said was "an eye for an eye" then that would mean that if you damaged someones eye than your eye is taken out. But as we showed in {LIST1} the Bible explicitly insists on a bias towards mercy in 5 explicit verses. It is this context and atmosphere that forces us to twist the meaning of the verses to mean monetary compensation. As can be seen from {LIST2} 3 of the 5 categories of damage are explicitly monetary. Hence combining the atmosphere of {LIST1} which requires a bias towards mercy with the monetary requirements of 3 of the 5 cases forces us to interpret the remaining verses monetarily also. In other words: If I find the verse "an eye for an eye" in Hamurabis code then I will interpret it literally. But if I find it in a Torah which demanded "saving" "loving like thyself" & "judging without prejudice" then I will interpret it monetarily. Hence the same verse can mean 2 different things in 2 different contexts. Hence we have every right to declare this interpretation as simultaneously twisted and simple. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT: To Michael Krumbein for pointing out the inadequacy of my previous attempts on "an eye for an eye" COMMENT: We could write a great deal more. Suffice for now to point out that the Rambam, Chapter 1 of Torts, provides {LIST2}, which shows that most damages are paid monetaraly. We have added to the Rambams explanation {LIST1} which shows that the Bible created an atmosphere and bias towards mercy. Most of {LIST1} occurs in the Rambam also but not in this chapter. Rashi also brings these verses down--we have gathered them in one place. #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#* THE 2 DOZEN RASHI-IS-SIMPLE RASHI RULES ======================================= I: RASHI gives MEANING ====================== A: NEW MEANINGS--(eg)"on the face of"=during the lifetime Volume 2 Number 9, http://www.rashiyomi.Com/Nu04-04a.htm B: SPECIAL WORDS--(eg)ACH=USUALLY;USUALLY observe shabbath! Rashi Yomi Summaries,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Ach-6.htm C: SYNONYMS--(eg)AMR=to speak; DBR=to cite or to quote; Volume 2 Number 1, http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Lv20-02a.htm D: WORD MEANINGS-Thermos(TzNTzNTh)=doubly(TZN TZN) Cold(TZN) Volume 1 Number 9,23,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Ex31-15a.htm E: UNIFIED MEANINGS-PAAM=Repeated action:To Ring,Hammer,Step Volume 1 Number 3,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Gn41-08a.htm II: RASHI teaches GRAMMAR/STYLE =============================== F: CLASSICAL GRAMMAR--(eg)QUESTION = HEY+CHATAF PATACH Volume 3 Number 22,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Gn04-09z.htm G: USAGE(NEW GRAMMAR)--(eg)INFINITIVE="be involved in"; Volume 5 Number 24,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Ex13-03a.htm H: ROOT+PREPOSITION--(eg)ChZK B="to hold";ChZK M="overpower" Volume 1 Number 7,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Ex04-04a.htm I: THE SENTENCE--2 verses can make 1 sentence-eg Dt02-16:17 Volume 3 Number 7,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Dt19-06a.htm J: STYLE--REPETITION denotes Endearment;eg 'Jacob Jacob' Volume 1 Number 12,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Gn46-02a.htm K: DOUBLE NOUNS--(eg)"GIVE GIVE";if not CHARITY then LOAN Double Noun page, http://www.RashiYomi.Com/DN.htm L: PRONOUNS-(eg)IMCHAH=with you; ITCHAH=Accompanying you; Volume 3 Number 13,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Ex22-24c.htm III: OVERALL TEXTUAL STRUCTURE ============================== M: OTHER VERSES--Aaron SAW(Ex32-05)...the brawl(Ex32-18) OTHER VERSE page, http://www.RashiYomi.Com/ov.htm N: EXTRA SENTENCES-eg[GIVE HIM][WHAT HE NEEDS](Not if rich) Volume 2 Number 20,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Dt15-08c.htm O: DOUBLE PARSHAS-'he WILL pray'-'he WON'T pray';So Optional Volume 3 Number 12,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Dt24-14a.htm P: CLIMAX-(eg Dt19-11)(a)Hate, (b)spy, (c)confront,(d)Murder Climax Page, http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Climax.htm Q: OVERALL STRUCTURE-growing nails=despisement(from context) Volume 3 Number 8,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Dt21-11a.htm R: SPREADSHEETS-What is the marriage loophole in inheritance Volume 2 Number 23,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Nu36-03a.htm IV: BEYOND THE TEXT =================== S: MORAL LESSONS/REASONS-God explains BEFORE punishing; Volume 2 Number 12,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Nu12-09a.htm T: RabbiIshmael-(eg)"When an OX gores";(Or ANY animal gores) Volume 4 Number 21,http://www.RashiYomi.Com/Dt25-04a.htm End of Rashi-Is-Simple Digest #*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*# (C) Dr Hendel, 2000 *#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*#*