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VERSE: Lv02-14c
RASHIS COVERED: Lv02-14c Lv02-14e Lv02-14f Lv23-14a
======================= Lv02-14c ======================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
----------------
One of Rashis 10 main goals is the explanation of
meaning the same way a dictionary explains meaning.
We call this the Rashi method of WORD MEANING.
Rashi had 10 vehicles by which he explained meaning.
Today we explore 3 method.
EXAMPLE: UNIFIED MEANING: Gimel-Resh-Sin, Kuph-Lamed-Hey
--------------------------------------------------------
The simplest approach to meaning is to review sets
of verses with a common root and identify a unifying
meaning. we call this the submethod of UNIFIED MEANINGS.
There are only half a dozen verses with the root
Gimel-Resh-Sin or Gimel-resh-Samech. The root, seems
to mean GRIND as in the verse
------------------------------------
GOD HAS GROUND MY TEETH WITH PEBBLES
------------------------------------
LIST863s presents the verses with Gimel-Resh-Sin.
The root Kuph-Lamed-Hey means to BURN/ROAST. It
can also mean BURNING SOMEONE up by TEASING them.
The verses presented in LIST863t below support this.
EXAMPLE: NAMING BY FORM/FUNCTION--the PLUMP
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Rashi frequently identifies meaning by focusing
on the FORM and FUNCTION of words. For example:
Both the UNITED NATIONS and PENTAGON are institutions
that protect but the PENTAGON is named by its FORM,
while the UNITED NATIONS is named by its GOAL and
PURPOSE to unite nations.
EXAMPLE: CAPH-RESH
------------------
The root CAPH-RESH is a good example of naming by
FORM. For the root CAPH-RESH does NOT refer to a
specific OBJECT but rather refers to a specific FORM.
The root CAPH-RESH refers to anything PLUMP such as
- a saddle bag
- a loaf of bread
- a plot of rich soil/land
- Plump sheep
The word CAPH-RESH can also metaphorically refer to
princes and leaders. LIST813d below presents all
meanings of CAPH-RESH.
EXAMPLE: FOUR LETTER ROOTS
--------------------------
Rashi explains 4 letter roots as the sum of two
two-letter components. When Rashi explains
the meaning of a three letter root using the two
letter subroot we refer to this as the submethod
of 2-4 LETTER ROOTS. We have explained elsewhere
that Rashi simultaneously believed in
- use of 3 letter roots for purposes of conjugation
- use of 2 letter roots for purposes of meaning
EXAMPLE: CAR-MEL
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The Hebrew roots
- Caph-Resh means (A Plump slice)
- Mem-Lamed means (Full)
- Hence: Caph-Resh-Mem-Lamed means FULL-SLICE
Consequently Caph-Resh-Mem-Lamed can refer to a
- barley staff in FULL-GRAIN
- a field in full bloom
LIST910h below presents several examples of 4 letter
roots. Analyzed in this manner.
===============================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== ======================================
RASHI RULE CLASS: WORD MEANINGS
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS UNIFIED MEANING
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #7
SEE BELOW LIST863s
List of verses with Root Gimel-Resh-Sin=grinding
----------------------- ---------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST863t
List of verses with Root Kuph-Lamed-Hey=burn/tease
----------------------- ---------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 8 METHODS OF NAMING
SEE BELOW LIST813d
List of meanings of root Kaph-Resh=PLUMP FORM
----------------------- ---------------------------------
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS 2-4 LETTER ROOTS
SEE BELOW LIST910h
List of 4 letter roots=sum of 2 letter roots
===============================================================
======================= LIST863s ==========================
List of verses with Root Gimel-Resh-Sin=grinding
===========================================================
VERSE TEXT of VERSE WITH MEANING OF grs CAPPED
======== ==================================================
La03-17e God has GROUND my teeth as if chewed by pebbles
Lv02-14 Bring the offering from GROUND up budded barley*1
P119-20 My soul feels GRINDED from my Longings for You,God
NOTES
-----
*1 Lv02-14 uses the spelling Gimel-Resh-Sin
Other verses use spelling Gimel-Resh-Samech
===========================================================
======================= LIST863t ==========================
List of verses with Root Kuph-Lamed-Hey=burn/tease
===========================================================
VERSE TEXT OF VERSE WITH MEANING OF qlh CAPPED
======== ==================================================
Jr29-22 God will place you like Achav, ROASTED by fire
LV23-14f Don-t eat: Bread,Fresh pod,ROASTED GRAIN until...
Lv02-14c Offer barley ROASTED in fire *1
1S17-17 Bring them 10 loafs and 10 ROASTED loafs
P038-17 for my insides are BURNED*2
------ -----------------------------------------------
P038-17 for my insides feel BURNED*2
Dt26-17 cursed be the person who BURNS UP his parents*3
1S18-23 How can I marry royally: I am poor and BURNED UP
NOTES
-----
*1 Rashi explains that they had a special method
for parching just harvested barley grains to make
them dry and nutty
*2 The RADACK cites his father on this example.
The beauty of this example is that it Kuph-Lamed-Hey
could equally mean BURN or BURNED UP as the two
translations show.
*3 The root Kuph-Lamed-Hey in this verse is usually
translated as DESPISED. However consistent with the
English idiom I would translate it as BURN UP as in
the expression: HE BURNED ME UP. As seen, the 3 concepts
- despise
- tease
- burn up
all have the same meaning.
===========================================================
======================= LIST813d ==========================
List of meanings of root Caph-Resh=PLUMP FORM
===========================================================
VERSE Text of verse with CAPH-RESH=object that is PLUMP
======== ==================================================
Gn31-34 She placed them in the CAMEL-BAG
Ex29-23 ...and a LOAF of bread
Ex25-39 ...a SLAB of Gold
Gn13-11 ...the Jordanian FERTILE VALLEY
Dt32-14 ...with PLUMP sheep*1
NOTES
-----
*1 As RADACK observes
-----------------------------------------------------
Just as LEADERS are metaphorically called the RAMS
vs. the people who are called the SHEEP so too
LEADERS are called the PLUMP as in 2K14-01,Ex04-02
==========================================================
=========================== LIST910h =======================
List of 4 letter roots=sum of 2 letter roots
============================================================
4 LETTER ROOT MEANING 1st 2 LETTERS LAST 2 LETTERS
============= ============ =============== =================
KRML FullBloom*12 Plump/slice full
SNWRIM Blindness Thorn (in) Skin*11
DM$Q Follower Resemble me Desire me
ChiDeKeL*9 Cold Rapids Sharp Light
DuChiFath Enough Handl Enough(DAI) KAPH(Handles)*9
YeHoShuA*8 God will Sav God (YAH) Will Save(SHA)
AVRAYCH*1*4 Good leader Father Gentle/soft
MMZR*1 Illegitimate Blemished (From a)Stranger
ARAL Angel Lion (of) God
BLAD Except Without (BLi) Others
BRZL Iron Strong (BRi) Branch (ZLZL)
ZLAF Fright Worthless (and) Fatigued*3
SRAF Branches A Pot (ie nest) (for) Birds *2
PANAYACH Insightful Brings out(POA) The Hidden(NAX)*5
ChachLiL Intoxicating Swirling(LL) the palate(XC)*6
SnaPir Fish fins Shrub like(SN) used to fly*7
NOTES:
------
*1 There are two approaches to 4 letter roots. Sometimes we
try and see them as 2 two letter roots and sometimes we try
and see them as a 3 letter root with an extra letter. Thus
ASTR is explained in the Talmud as ASR. Rav Hirsch stuck to
the 3 letter approach even in obvious cases--thus he takes
MMZR from MZR a rare word in Job.
Similarly Rashi cites a controversy on AVRAYCH:
-- A double 2 letter approach would yield:
AVRAYCH=Gentle(Rc) Father(Av)
-- A 3 letter approach would yield:
AVRAYCH=Kneel (Brch) to me (Aleph)
*2 Note the poetic lisence in e.g.
SRAF = BIRD(AF) POT (SiR)= Something for Bird nests
This type of small poetic lisence is common in etymologies
and makes their study difficult
*3 Note the finer nuances in some translations. For example ZLAF
occurs rarely in TNACH and its meaning is inferred from its
context. The RDQ in his book of ROOTS says its meaning is SOME
TYPE OF FRIGHT....this could go well with the verse cited by
RDK: "fright has overtaken me"
But perhaps a BETTER translation is
feeling worthless and tired So that the verse with
ZLAF would mean WORTHLESSNESS & FATIGUE HAS OVERTAKEN ME
Then again perhaps there is no way to see which translation
is better
*4 Rashi Gn41-43b
*5 Rashi Gn41-45
*6 Rashi Gn49-12a
*7 The following may help:
- PRCh means to FLY; in connection with fish it could
refer to swimming throughout the water
- SN can mean THORNBUSH or BRANCHES (Songs07-09). I
therefore suggest it means SHRUB like.
So SN-PR would refer to SHRUB-LIKE(SN) protrusions by
which a fish FLYES (PR) - SNPR.
*8 Rashi Nu13-16a
*9 The reference is to a bird with a DOUBLE CROP. Since DU in
ARAMAIC means TWO it appears that Rashi is saying
-------------------------------------------------
DuChiFath = Double(DU) Handle(Caph)=Double CRop
-------------------------------------------------
However we think it preferable that Rashi used Hebrew roots
to explain Hebrew words(Provided simple exaplanations exist)
Hence we read Rashi as saying
--------------------------------------
DuChiFath = ENOUGH (Dai) Handles(CAPH)
--------------------------------------
Thus the word does not DIRECTLY mean DOUBLE CROP. Rather
the essential meaning of the word is ENOUGH HANDLES. The
method by which this particular bird implements this
ENOUGHNESS is thru use of the DOUBLE CROP.
*10 Rashi Gn02-14a Chid-Kel are the SHARP-LIGHT cold river
rapids.
*11 (In fact there is species of flies in Africa that
stings people to death...they start by blinding
them (so that they cant see where to go))
*12 The word CRML can equally refer to
- a ripe pod of barley (Lv02-14f)
- a meadow in full bloom (Is32-15)
This double meaning is consistent with the meanings of
Caph-Resh (KR) presented in LIST813d. Caph-Resh can
equally refer to a
- a FERTILE VALLEY
- anything with a PLUMP Shape(Like a budded barley stalk)
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Volume 25 Number 3
#*#*#*# (C) 2000-2005, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#
Volume 25 Number 3