#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
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VERSE: Nu30-07a
RASHIS COVERED: Nu30-07a Nu30-08a Nu30-07b
Nu30-09a Nu30-10a Nu30-14a
======================== Nu30-07a =======================
SUCCINCT SUMMARY
-----------------
Most people think of DEFINITION and GRAMMAR when they
mention COMMENTARY. However the function of commentaries
is also to comment on relations with other verses.
One powerful OTHER VERSE method is the ALIGNMENT method.
We present five examples of ALIGNMENT in Nu30 the
chapter on vows
EXAMPLE 1
---------
The phrases used for people women vowing are
- in their fathers house
- in their husbands house
- while widow
- belong to a man
Rashi interprets BELONG TO A MAN as ENGAGED.
We must emphasize that this Rashi comment is not on
MEANING but rather on ALIGNMENT. By themselves, the
words BELONG TO A MAN could refer to a married woman.
However the contrast of the above alignment clearly
shows that BELONG TO A MAN is distinct from the others
and hence refers to engagement.
This is an important Rashi principle
(The use of ALIGNMENT vs MEANING)
EXAMPLE 2
---------
Two phrases are used to describe vows
- vows a vow
- her vows
Thus the phrase HER VOWS refers to preexisting vows
EXAMPLE 3
---------
AGE is only mentioned by WOMEN IN THEIR FATHERS
HOUSE. Hence a minor married woman must obtain annulment
from BOTH her father and husband
EXAMPLE 4
----------
There are 4 types of women (minor,widow,married,engaged)
Three of these mention the possibility of annulment
by husband or father. The widow case has no mention
of alignment. We conclude that widows must fulfill
their vows
EXAMPLE 5
---------
The phrase VOWS A VOW OR PROHIBITS ON THEIR SOUL is
mentioned about 5 times. However once the phrase
A VOW THAT INFLICTS ONES SOUL in mentioned. This implies
that VOW-LAW is eg only about things like FASTING.
Note again that it is the ALIGNMENT that creates this
emphasis. Without the ALIGNMENT I would simply perceive
this phrase as an extra phrase without extra meaning.
=========================================================
ITEM DETAIL
======================== ================================
RASHI RULE CLASS: ALIGNMENT
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS NUANCE
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #11
SEE BELOW LIST307k
Overview of lists of ALIGNMENTS in Nu30
------------------------ -------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST307l
Verse alignment in Nu30 FATHER-ENGAGED-MARRIED
------------------------ -------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST307m
Verse alignment in Nu30 VOWS-VOW vs HER VOWS
------------------------ -------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST307n
Verse alignment in Nu30 AGE only mentioned by Father
------------------------ -------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST307o
Verse alignment in Nu30 Annulment not mentioned by widow
------------------------ --------------------------------
SEE BELOW LIST307p
Verse alignment in Nu30 AFFLICT SOUL only mentioned once
=========================================================
====================== LIST307k =================================
Overview of the 5 alignments in Nu30 on vows.
Each list below lists several Rashis as shown
A brief summary of the rashi is presented. The
individual lists present the alignment that gives
rise to the Rashi. We again emphasize that the
inference of Rashi is not based on LANGUAGE but
rather on the EXPLICIT NUANCE implied by the
ALIGNMENT
=================================================================
VERSE RASHI SUMMARY OF RASHI
======== ======== ===============================================
LIST307k OVERVIEW List of all Rashis
LIST307l Nu30-07a BELONGS TO A MAN = ENGAGED
LIST307l Nu30-08a Husbands confirmation is sufficient for engagee
LIST307m Nu30-07b ENGAGED womens vows preexisted from Father
LIST307n Nu30-07a Both Husband/Father must annul ENGAGEE
LIST307n Nu30-09a Both Husband/Father must annul ENGAGEE
LIST307o Nu30-10a Widows must keep their vows
LIST307p Nu30-14a Vow law only affects eg FASTING
=================================================================
================== LIST307l ===================================
Rashis Nu30-07a Nu30-08a. The following list shows an overview
of all of Nu30. The alignment shown in the SITUATION column
is (MINOR,WIDOW,MARRIED,BELONGED TO A MAN)
By itself the phrase BELONGS TO A MAN could mean marriage
It is the ALIGNMENT and the emphasis of CONTRAST that
motivates us to interpret BELONGS TO A MAN=ENGAGED. This use
of ALIGNMENT is an important RASHI principle.
================================================================
VERSE WHO SITUATION ACTION
======= ===== ===================== ============================
Nu30-03 Man ' '
Nu30-04 Woman ' '
Nu30-04 ' Fathers house minor '
Nu30-05 ' ' FATHER Hear-Silence=Confirm
Nu30-06 ' ' FATHER Annul
Nu30-07 ' Belongs to man '
Nu30-08 ' ' HUBBY Hear-Silence=Confirm*2
Nu30-09 ' ' HUBBY Annul
Nu30-10 ' Widow / Divorce Must be kept
Nu30-11 ' Husbands house '
Nu30-12 ' ' HUBBY Hear Silence=Confirm
Nu30-13 ' ' HUBBY Annul
Nu30-14 ' ' HUBBY annuls on suffering vow
Nu30-15 ' ' CONFIRM=Hear Silence
Nu30-16 ' ' No Annul after
Differs *1
NOTES
-----
*1 (Nu30-07a) So BELONGS TO MAN is different
than MANS HOUSE(Married) and FATHERS HOUSE
Therefore BELONGS TO MAN means ENGAGED
Notice how this derivation comes from
the STRUCTURE of the chapter (contrasting
phrases) but cannot be inferred just from
the meaning of words.
Thus this is an important Rashi principle
-- Rashi can simply PRESENT meaning OR
-- Rashi can infer meaning from STRUCTURE
*2 So the husbands confirmation is sufficient
to confirm (for an engaged woman)(Nu30-08a)
====================================================================
================= LIST307m =====================
Rashi Nu30-07b. From the contrast of phrases
(VOWS A VOW vs HER VOWS) we infer that when
discussing the engaged woman we are talking
about a case where she had preexisting vows
from her fathers house (that were not annuled
or confirmed)
================================================
VERSE CASE BIBLICAL PHRASE DISCUSSING VOW
======= ======= ================================
Nu30-04 Father If she vows a vow
Nu30-07 Engaged Her vows on her*1
Nu30-10 Widow Vow of a widow
Nu30-11 Husband If she vows
NOTES
-----
*1 From the disparate descriptions of vow we see
----------------------------------------
Her vows on her = From her fathers house
----------------------------------------
(Rashi Nu30-07b) Rashi points out that
the vow wasnt confirmed or annuled (Because
otherwise there would be no issue as she would
have to keep it)
=================================================
==================== LIST307n ====================
Rashi Nu30-07a Nu30-09a. An extra phrase creates
an emphasis implying a FATHERS annulment is always
needed for young girls (12-12.5) even if she
is engaged.
==================================================
VERSE CASE WHERE WOMEN IS
======= ======= ==================================
Nu30-04 Father Her fathers house IN HER YOUTH
Nu30-07 Engaged She belongs to a man ----*1------
Nu30-10 Widow ...of a widow/divorce ----*1------
Nu30-11 Husband Her husbands house ----*1------
NOTES
-----
*1 Note the extra phrase in the case of a vow
in house of a FATHER. This extra phrase creates
an emphasis---AS LONG AS SHE IS IN HER YOUTH
(even if she is not in her fathers house as
would happen if she is engaged) SHE REQUIRES
PARENTAL annulment.
Hence the Rashis (Nu30-07a Nu30-09a) that
ENGAGED YOUNG WOMEN require DOUBLE ANNULMENTS
(From both FATHER and HUSBAND)
===================================================
================= LIST307o ========================
Rashi Nu30-10a. Other people have either HUSBANDS
or FATHERS to annul their vows. Since widows dont
have anyone to annul their vows they MUST be kept
===================================================
VERSE CASE DESCRIPTION OF ANNULMENT
======= ======== ==================================
Nu30-05 Father if her father hears and is silent
Nu30-08 Engaged if her husband hears and is silent
Nu30-11 Widow ----- *1 -------------------------
Nu30-12 Married if her husband hears and is silent
NOTES
-----
*1 Note the contrast of cases. Everyone else(besides
the widow) has someone (father or husband)
confirming the vow by LISTENING and SILENCE.
Hence the Rashi (Nu30-09a) that the widow
MUST keep her vows because none of the traditional
people (Father/husband) can annul them*10
------------------ LONGER FOOTNOTES ------------------
*10 Rashi emphasizes that the verse is discussing
a WIDOW FROM FULL MARRIAGE and not a WIDOW
FROM ENGAGEMENT. Rashi of course is talking
about a non-adult widow from engagment. This
is a technical topic and need not be pursued
further here--it is not necessary to understand
the Rashi which focuses on the alignment of
verses
=========================================================
==================== LIST307p ===========================
Rashi Nu30-14a. The laws of vows only affect
VOWS THAT AFFILCT THE SOUL (eg FASTING)
=========================================================
VERSE VOWS PROHIBITS INFLICT SOUL
======= ============= =========== ========== ============
Nu30-03 vows a vow prohibits*1 on ones soul
Nu30-04 vows a vow -- prohibits*1 '
Nu30-07 her vows prohibit on her soul
Nu30-10 vow prohibits on her soul
Nu30-11 vows prohibits*1 on her soul
Nu30-14 vow prohibition to INFLICT soul
Differs *2 *3 *4 *5
NOTES
------
*1 Some verses contain the phrase PROHIBIT A PROHIBITION
Rashi discusses this elsewhere but since this
uses a different Rashi principle we will not be
doing it now
*2 Some verses contain the phrase VOWS A VOW while
some just contain VOW or VOWS. We have commented
on some of these differences above
*3 See footnote #1
*4 Notice the extra phrase TO INFLICT ONES SOUL
The alignment creates an emphasis---a husband
can only annul vows that INFLICT ANGUISH on
ones soul (like vows to fast etc)(Nu30-14a)
*5 Rashi does not comment on the absent phrase
(or on the difference between ONES SOUL vs HER SOUL
I do not presently no the reason
=========================================================
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 18 Number 11
#*#*#*#*# (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 18 Number 11