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VERSE: Nu30-07a

RASHIS COVERED: Nu30-07a Nu30-08a Nu30-07b
                Nu30-09a Nu30-10a Nu30-14a

======================== Nu30-07a =======================

SUCCINCT  SUMMARY
-----------------
Most people think of DEFINITION and GRAMMAR when they
mention COMMENTARY. However the function of commentaries
is also to comment on relations with other verses.

One powerful OTHER VERSE method is the ALIGNMENT method.
We present five examples of ALIGNMENT in Nu30 the
chapter on vows

EXAMPLE 1
---------
The phrases used for people women vowing are
- in their fathers house
- in their husbands house
- while widow
- belong to a man
Rashi interprets BELONG TO A MAN as ENGAGED.

We must emphasize that  this  Rashi comment is not on
MEANING but rather on ALIGNMENT. By themselves, the
words BELONG TO A MAN could refer to a married woman.
However the contrast of the above alignment clearly
shows that BELONG TO A MAN is distinct from the others
and hence refers to engagement.

This is an important Rashi principle
(The use of ALIGNMENT vs MEANING)

EXAMPLE 2
---------
Two phrases are used to describe vows
- vows a vow
- her vows
Thus the phrase HER VOWS refers to preexisting vows

EXAMPLE 3
---------
AGE is  only mentioned by WOMEN IN THEIR  FATHERS
HOUSE. Hence a minor married woman must obtain annulment
from BOTH her father and husband

EXAMPLE  4
----------
There are 4 types of women (minor,widow,married,engaged)
Three of these mention the possibility of annulment
by husband or father. The widow case  has  no mention
of alignment. We conclude that widows must fulfill
their vows

EXAMPLE 5
---------
The  phrase VOWS A VOW OR PROHIBITS ON THEIR SOUL is
mentioned about 5 times. However once the phrase
A VOW THAT INFLICTS ONES SOUL in mentioned. This implies
that VOW-LAW is  eg only about things like FASTING.

Note again that it is the ALIGNMENT that creates this
emphasis.  Without the ALIGNMENT I would simply perceive
this phrase as an extra phrase without extra meaning.
=========================================================
ITEM                     DETAIL
======================== ================================
RASHI RULE CLASS:        ALIGNMENT
RASHI SUBRULE CLASS      NUANCE
RASHI WORKBOOK PRINCIPLE #11
SEE BELOW                LIST307k
Overview of lists of     ALIGNMENTS in Nu30
------------------------ -------------------------------
SEE BELOW                LIST307l
Verse alignment in Nu30  FATHER-ENGAGED-MARRIED
------------------------ -------------------------------
SEE BELOW                LIST307m
Verse alignment in Nu30  VOWS-VOW vs HER VOWS
------------------------ -------------------------------
SEE BELOW                LIST307n
Verse alignment in Nu30  AGE only mentioned by Father
------------------------ -------------------------------
SEE BELOW                LIST307o
Verse alignment in Nu30  Annulment not mentioned by widow
------------------------ --------------------------------
SEE BELOW                LIST307p
Verse alignment in Nu30  AFFLICT SOUL only mentioned once
=========================================================


====================== LIST307k =================================

Overview of the 5 alignments in Nu30 on vows.
Each list below lists several Rashis as shown
A brief summary of the rashi is presented. The
individual lists present the alignment that gives
rise to the Rashi. We again emphasize that the
inference of Rashi is not based on LANGUAGE but
rather on the EXPLICIT NUANCE implied by the
ALIGNMENT
=================================================================
VERSE    RASHI    SUMMARY OF RASHI
======== ======== ===============================================
LIST307k OVERVIEW List of all Rashis
LIST307l Nu30-07a BELONGS TO A MAN = ENGAGED
LIST307l Nu30-08a Husbands confirmation is sufficient for engagee
LIST307m Nu30-07b ENGAGED womens vows preexisted from Father
LIST307n Nu30-07a Both Husband/Father must annul ENGAGEE
LIST307n Nu30-09a Both Husband/Father must annul ENGAGEE
LIST307o Nu30-10a Widows must keep their vows
LIST307p Nu30-14a Vow law only affects eg FASTING
=================================================================



================== LIST307l ===================================


Rashis Nu30-07a Nu30-08a. The following list shows an overview
of all of Nu30. The alignment shown in the SITUATION column
is (MINOR,WIDOW,MARRIED,BELONGED TO A MAN)
By itself the phrase BELONGS TO A MAN could mean marriage
It is the ALIGNMENT and the emphasis of CONTRAST that
motivates us to interpret BELONGS TO A MAN=ENGAGED. This use
of ALIGNMENT is an important RASHI principle.
================================================================
VERSE   WHO   SITUATION             ACTION
======= ===== ===================== ============================
Nu30-03 Man   '                     '
Nu30-04 Woman '                     '
Nu30-04 '     Fathers house minor   '
Nu30-05 '     '                     FATHER Hear-Silence=Confirm
Nu30-06 '     '                     FATHER Annul
Nu30-07 '     Belongs to man        '
Nu30-08 '     '                     HUBBY Hear-Silence=Confirm*2
Nu30-09 '     '                     HUBBY Annul
Nu30-10 '     Widow / Divorce       Must be kept
Nu30-11 '     Husbands house        '
Nu30-12 '      '                    HUBBY Hear Silence=Confirm
Nu30-13 '      '                    HUBBY Annul
Nu30-14 '      '                    HUBBY annuls on suffering vow
Nu30-15 '      '                    CONFIRM=Hear Silence
Nu30-16 '      '                    No Annul after
Differs        *1

NOTES
-----
*1 (Nu30-07a) So BELONGS TO MAN is different
   than MANS HOUSE(Married) and FATHERS HOUSE

   Therefore BELONGS TO MAN means ENGAGED
   Notice how this derivation comes from
   the STRUCTURE of the chapter (contrasting
   phrases) but cannot be inferred just from
   the meaning of words.

   Thus this is an important Rashi principle
   -- Rashi can simply PRESENT meaning OR
   -- Rashi can infer meaning from STRUCTURE

*2 So the husbands confirmation is sufficient
   to confirm (for  an engaged woman)(Nu30-08a)
====================================================================


================= LIST307m =====================
Rashi Nu30-07b.  From the contrast of phrases
(VOWS A VOW vs HER VOWS) we infer that when
discussing the engaged woman we are talking
about a case where she had preexisting vows
from her fathers house (that were not annuled
or confirmed)
================================================
VERSE   CASE    BIBLICAL PHRASE DISCUSSING VOW
======= ======= ================================
Nu30-04 Father  If she vows a vow
Nu30-07 Engaged Her vows on her*1
Nu30-10 Widow   Vow of a widow
Nu30-11 Husband If she vows

NOTES
-----
*1 From the disparate descriptions of vow we see
   ----------------------------------------
   Her vows on her = From her fathers house
   ----------------------------------------
   (Rashi Nu30-07b) Rashi points out that
   the vow wasnt confirmed or annuled (Because
   otherwise there would be no issue as she would
   have to keep it)
=================================================


==================== LIST307n ====================
Rashi Nu30-07a Nu30-09a. An extra phrase creates
an emphasis implying a FATHERS annulment is always
needed for young girls (12-12.5) even if she
is engaged.
==================================================
VERSE   CASE    WHERE  WOMEN IS
======= ======= ==================================
Nu30-04 Father  Her fathers house     IN HER YOUTH
Nu30-07 Engaged She belongs to a man  ----*1------
Nu30-10 Widow   ...of a widow/divorce ----*1------
Nu30-11 Husband Her husbands house    ----*1------

NOTES
-----
*1 Note the extra phrase in the case of a vow
   in house of a FATHER. This extra phrase creates
   an emphasis---AS LONG AS SHE IS IN HER YOUTH
   (even if she is not in her fathers house as
   would happen if she is engaged) SHE REQUIRES
   PARENTAL annulment.

   Hence the Rashis (Nu30-07a Nu30-09a) that
   ENGAGED YOUNG WOMEN require DOUBLE ANNULMENTS
   (From both FATHER and HUSBAND)
===================================================


================= LIST307o ========================

Rashi Nu30-10a. Other people have either HUSBANDS
or FATHERS to annul their vows. Since widows dont
have  anyone to annul their vows they MUST be kept
===================================================
VERSE   CASE     DESCRIPTION OF ANNULMENT
======= ======== ==================================
Nu30-05 Father   if  her father hears and is silent
Nu30-08 Engaged  if her husband hears and is silent
Nu30-11 Widow    ----- *1 -------------------------
Nu30-12 Married  if her husband hears and is silent

NOTES
-----
*1 Note the contrast of cases. Everyone else(besides
   the widow) has someone (father or  husband)
   confirming the vow by LISTENING and SILENCE.

   Hence  the Rashi (Nu30-09a) that the widow
   MUST keep her vows because none of the traditional
   people (Father/husband) can annul them*10

------------------ LONGER FOOTNOTES ------------------

*10 Rashi emphasizes that the verse is discussing
    a WIDOW FROM FULL MARRIAGE and not a WIDOW
    FROM ENGAGEMENT. Rashi of course is  talking
    about a non-adult widow from engagment. This
    is a technical topic and need not be pursued
    further here--it is not necessary to understand
    the Rashi which focuses on the alignment of
    verses
=========================================================


==================== LIST307p ===========================

Rashi Nu30-14a. The  laws of vows only affect
VOWS THAT AFFILCT THE SOUL (eg FASTING)
=========================================================
VERSE   VOWS          PROHIBITS   INFLICT    SOUL
======= ============= =========== ========== ============
Nu30-03 vows a vow    prohibits*1            on ones soul
Nu30-04 vows a vow -- prohibits*1            '
Nu30-07 her vows      prohibit               on her soul
Nu30-10 vow           prohibits              on her soul
Nu30-11 vows          prohibits*1            on her soul
Nu30-14 vow           prohibition to INFLICT soul
Differs *2            *3          *4         *5

NOTES
------
*1 Some verses contain the phrase PROHIBIT A PROHIBITION
   Rashi discusses this elsewhere but since this
   uses a different Rashi principle we will not be
   doing it now

*2 Some verses contain the phrase VOWS A VOW while
   some just contain VOW or VOWS. We have commented
   on some of these differences above

*3 See footnote #1

*4 Notice the extra phrase TO INFLICT ONES SOUL
   The alignment creates an emphasis---a husband
   can only annul vows that INFLICT ANGUISH on
   ones soul (like  vows to  fast etc)(Nu30-14a)

*5 Rashi does not comment on the absent phrase
   (or on the difference between ONES SOUL vs HER SOUL
   I do not presently no the reason

=========================================================
---------------------------------------------------
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Volume 18 Number 11


#*#*#*#*#  (C) 2001, RashiYomi Inc. Dr Hendel President #*#*#*#*#
Volume 18 Number 11